Week 3 Skin

Question 1

Starting from most superficial to deep list the following in order: muscle, hypodermis/superficial fascia/SQ, dermis, epidermis, deep fascia

Answer 1

epidermis–>dermis–>hypodermis–>deep fascia–>muscle

Question 2

define tissue

Answer 2

group of cells with a common fxn

Question 3

define histology:

Answer 3

study of microscopic anatomy. includes cellular level, tissue level and organ level

Question 4

what is the role (2) of connective tissue?

Answer 4

protections and support

Question 5

acidic dyes bind with what ion?

Answer 5

acidic dies carry a negative charge and bind to cationic cell/tissue components

Question 6

what are some things inside the cell that will bind with acidic dies?

Answer 6

what has a positive charge? mitochondria, secretory granules, cytoplasm, basement membrane

Question 7

basic dies will bind what?

Answer 7

carry a net positive charge and will therefore bind anionic cell/tissue components

Question 8

what is the most common acid dye?

Answer 8

eosin

Question 9

what sort of things will basic dyes bind?

Answer 9

DNA, RNA, carboxyl groups of proteins, sulfate, cartilage matrix

Question 10

what is the most common basic dye?

Answer 10

hematoxylin

Question 11

what is an H&E stain?

Answer 11

hematoxylin and eosin stain that gives the best overall picture of microscopic structures

Question 12

what is the integument composed of? 2

Answer 12

skin and accessory structures

Question 13

the accessory structures of the integument include: (4

Answer 13

sebacous glands, sudoriferous glands, hair, nails

Question 14

how are glands and follicles of the integument formed?

Answer 14

down growths of epidermis

Question 15

what are the major functions of the integument? (5)

Answer 15

protection, sensation, temp reg, metabolic, waste elimination

Question 16

what are the two layers of the skin

Answer 16

epidermis and dermis

Question 17

contrast the epidermis from the dermis. location, make-up, derived from what

Answer 17

epidermis: superficial, keratinized saquamous epithelium, ectoderm derived dermis: deep, connective tissue, mesoderm derived

Question 18

describe the vasularity and innervation of epithelium

Answer 18

avascular but innervated (rely on underlying connective tissue to supply nutrients)

Question 19

what would a histologist classify as thick skin?

Answer 19

they look at the thickness of the epidermis. thick skin is only seen at palms and souls of feet (no hair follicles here)

Question 20

what would a gross anatomist classify as thick skin?

Answer 20

they look at the epidermis and dermis. thickest skin is the upper back

Question 21

what is connective tissue?

Answer 21

cells in an extracellular matrix

Question 22

all connective tissues are derived from what stem cell?

Answer 22

mesenchymal

Question 23

describe the vasularity of connnective tissue

Answer 23

varies in vascularity: avascualr=cartilage vascular=bone

Question 24

what makes up (2) the ECM

Answer 24

protein fibers and ground substance

Question 25

what protein fibers are seen in the ECM?

Answer 25

collagen, reticular, elastic

Question 26

what is seen in ground substance?

Answer 26

glycoaminoglycans, proteoglycans, multiadhesive glycoproteins

Question 27

what are the five types of connective tissue proper?

Answer 27

loose, reticular, dense regular, dense irregular, adipose

Question 28

what are the two types of specialized connective tissue?

Answer 28

blood, supporting connective tissue (cartilage and bone)

Question 29

what are the layers of the dermis 2

Answer 29

papillary layer: superficial; areolar connective tissue reticular layer: deep; dense irregular connective tissue with more collagen

Question 30

what is the superficial fascia primarily composed of?

Answer 30

AKA hypodermis. white adipose tissue and loose connective tissue

Question 31

what is the deep fascia primarily composed of

Answer 31

dense irregular connective tissue

Question 32

what are these layers

Answer 32

top: slanted arrow is nothing

epidermis and dermis

hypodermis

deep fascia

muscle

Question 33

what are these layers?

Answer 33

1. papilary layer
2. reticular layer

(epidermis included both the regions above the papillary layer, keratinized surface and lower stratified squamous eptihelaial layer

Question 34

what is these

Answer 34

1. dermis
2. hypodermis
3. epidermis
4. white adipose in hypodermis