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Infectious Disease > Week 4: Genitourinary anatomy and histology > Flashcards

Week 4: Genitourinary anatomy and histology Flashcards

1
Q

Identify kidney anatomy and suprarenals, ureter, bladder

A
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2
Q

Which kidney is more superior?

A

Slightly higher on the left because of the liver on the right

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3
Q

Kidney location in respect to the peritoneum

A

Retroperitoneal

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4
Q

Describe the orientation of the vasculature of the kidney to the ureters

A

Vasculature is anterior to the renal pelvis and ureter

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5
Q

What surrounds the kidney?

A

Surrounded by a fibrous capsule and perinephric fat which is surrounded by Gerota’s Fascia

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6
Q

Kidney anatomy

A
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7
Q

Describe kidney innervation

A
  • Innervation from T12-L1 spinal nerves including pain sensation
  • referred pain to back and lumbar region
  • Nausea and vomiting may accompany because of vagal fibers that also innervate the kidneys
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8
Q

Origin of the renal vasculature

A

Renal arteries from te aorta

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9
Q

Kidney cortex and medulla

A
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10
Q

Kidney cortex contains

A
  • Glomeruli
  • proximal convoluted tubules
  • distal convoluted tubules
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11
Q

Kidney medulla contains

A
  • loops of Henle
  • collecting tubules
  • collecting ducts
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12
Q

Renal papilla contains

A

Tubules drain into minor calyx

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13
Q

Which part of the kidney is most susceptible to infection?

A

Renal Medulla is more susceptible to infection because of the high concentration of ammonia

  • inactivates complement
  • causes poor chemotaxis of PMNs
  • Low pH
  • low blood flow
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14
Q

Histological features of the renal cortex

A
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15
Q

Histological features of the renal papilla

A

PCS = pelvicalocyl space

DB =

U = Ureter

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16
Q

Structural features of the ureter

A
17
Q

Histologic features of ureter

A
  • LP = lamina propria
  • Ureter is lined by transitional epithelia
18
Q

Describe the path of the ureters

A
19
Q

Describe the path of the ureters in the pelvis

A
20
Q

Path of the ureters near the bladder

A
21
Q

Anatomy of the female bladder

A
22
Q

Anatomy of the male bladder

A
23
Q

The ureters enter the bladder at

A

urethral orifaces

24
Q

Describe how the ureters enter the bladder

A
25
Q

Histological features of the bladder

A

simial in structure to the lower 1/3 of the ureters

Detrusor muscles (have 3 layers)

  • IL = inner longitudinal layer
  • OC = Outer circular layer
  • OI = Outer longitudinal layer

The bladder is lined by urothelium (transitional epithelium

26
Q

Features of urothelium

A
27
Q

Where is urothelium located?

A
  • ureters
  • urinary bladder
  • urethra
28
Q

Structure/Function of urothelium

A
  • Three to Six stratified layers (varies with degree of distention)
  • Surface umbrella cells can maintain impermeability even when stretched
  • Thin basement membrane
  • Loose lamina propria
29
Q

Describe normal urinary tract anatomy

A
30
Q

Common UTI flora

A

Gastrointestinal flora (GNR, Enterococcus) live close to the urethral opening

31
Q

Anatomy of the female urethra

A
32
Q

Anatomy of the male urethra

A
33
Q

Describe the penile urethra

A

Infectious Disease (82 decks)

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