Week 4 Dietary Practices of Sunni Islam Flashcards
Major denominations of Islam
- Sunni 85-90%
- Shia 10-15%
What countries are dominant in Islam?
- middle east
- north africa
- afghanistan
- pakistan
- indonesia
- malaysia
Best known symbol for Islam
star and crescent
who is the founder of Islam?
Muhammad
- considered most important prophet of God
Central religious text of Islam?
Quran
- Muslims believe it represents the words of God revealed to Muhammed
how is eating in Islam a matter of worship?
- Eat only went hungry
- eat only Halal foods
- Do not eat an excess - no more than 2/3 of capacity
- Food should never be thrown away or wasted
- Hands should be washed before eating
- Say grace before the meal
- Meals should be in the company of others
What are some Halal foods mentioned in religious texts?
fruits
- dates
- grapes
- pomagranates
- fig olive
veggies
- onions and garlic
- cucumbers
- wheat
- lentils
- mustard seed
what animals are considered Halal?
- Four-legged animals with split hooves or which do not kill with things or clause
- Ruminants: cow, sheep, goat, bison, deer, elk,
- birds that do not use talons to kill
- chickens, turkeys, ducks geese, pigeons
- Aquatic animals
- all fish and seafood
- Locusts
what derivatives from animals are Halal
- Eggs and milk from permitted animals
- Meat and fat from properly slaughtered and permitted animals
What is Zabihah
- Animal ritually slaughtered by Muslim
- Trachea, esophagus, carotid artery, and jugular vein must be severed in one swift motion using a sharp knife in the blood allowed to drain
- In the name of Allah must be stated before each animal slaughtered
Islam ritual animal slaughter
Zabihah
What animals are exempt from Zabihah?
fish, seafood, locusts
What is Haram?
prohibited foods
what foods are considered Haram?
- Meat from animals that are not permitted
- Meat from improperly slaughtered animals
- Rennet - from non-halal source
- blood
- Only streaming blood is Haram so liver spleen kidney and heart organ meats can be consumed
- Alcoholic beverages and intoxicating drugs
- Any food or drink with alcohol
- vanilla extract
- swine and foods containing food made from pigs
- gelatin from non-halal source
- L-cysteine (from human hair or pig bristles)
when does Ramadan occur?
9th month of the Islamic calendar
Dietary habits of Ramadan
Abstinence from food drink oral medication smoking and coitus from before the break of dawn until sunset
how long can daily Ramadan be?
Depending on latitude and season the fast can vary
- summer days vs winter days
how long is Ramadan?
29-30 days
what is the purpose of Ramadan?
- It is a time for spiritual discipline of deep contemplation of one’s relationship with God increase charity and generosity and intense study of the Quran
- The prolonged fast shows Muslims what it feels like to be hungry and thirsty so they feel compassion for the poor
Meal patterns in Ramadan
- Meal eaten prior to daylight
- Festive meal eaten after sunset
- often a social meal
- The fast is traditionally broken after sunset but eating three dates
- following what Muhammad did
- no typical suhur or iftar meal due to high diversity
- Foods represent the culture of the family
- Iftar meals in Canada are often held at mosques, in homes, community centres
suhur
Meal eaten prior to daylight
iftar
Festive meal eaten after sunset
who is exempt from fasting during Ramadan?
- Children who have not reached puberty
- The elderly
- People who are ill or have chronic illnesses
- Pregnant women
- Individuals engaged in hard labour
- Menstruating woman
what must people who are exempt from Ramadan do instead?
Exempt adults must make up the days mixed before the next Ramadan if they are able to do so or feed the hungry or poor
