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Pharmacology > Week 3 Drugs Affecting the Immune System > Flashcards

Week 3 Drugs Affecting the Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

3 types of immunity

A

Natural
Specific acquired
Passive

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2
Q

what is passive immunity

A

antibodies that are produced in a body other than your own. Like passed from mother to fetus.

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3
Q

what is specific acquired immunity?

A

develops with exposure to various antigens

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4
Q

what do B lymphocytes do?

A

make antibodies

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5
Q

why are viruses difficult to kill?

A

because they live inside the cells and any drug that kills a virus may also kill cells

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6
Q

how do antiviral drugs kill or suppress the virus?

A

by destroying virions or inhibiting ability to replicate viruses controlled by current antiviral therapy

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7
Q

what are opportunistic infections?

A

viruses occurring in immunocompromised patients

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8
Q

Antiretroviral drugs

A

Used to treat infections caused by HIV, the virus that causes AIDS

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9
Q

incubation period for herpes

A

11 days

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10
Q

signs and symptoms of viruses

A 
Cough
Fever/chills
fatigue
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa
Inflammation of the mucosa of the respiratory track
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11
Q

Stage 1 of HIV Infection

A

asymptomatic infection

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12
Q

Stage 2 of HIV Infection

A

early, general symptoms of disease

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13
Q

Stage 3 of HIV Infection

A

moderate symptoms

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14
Q

Stage 4 of HIV Infection

A

severe symptoms, often leading to death

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15
Q

Adverse effects of antiretroviral drugs

A

Headache, nausea, vomiting, rash, chills, fever, diarrhea

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16
Q

which drug can be given to HIV positive pregnant women?

A

retrovir

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17
Q

most common antiretroviral drug combination

A

dolutegravir and Truvada (Truvada is emtricitabine and tenofovir

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18
Q

Hepatitis B

A

Serious potential fatal viral infection of the liver.

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19
Q

how is Hepatitis B spread

A

Spread by blood, sexual contact or needles/instruments

20
Q

what suffixes are used for antiviral drugs

A
  • vir

- dine

21
Q

elements of the immune system

A

Certain types of WBC
Proteins in blood
Interferon
Lymphocytes (B & T)

22
Q

what do B lymphocytes do?

A

Become cells that produce antibodies

23
Q

what do T lymphocytes do?

A

Attack antigens directly and help control the immune response

24
Q

why are immunosuppressants used?

A

To suppress immune response to prevent organ rejection after transplants (Lifelong)
To treat autoimmune diseases

25
Q

Drug of choice for organ rejection (kidney, liver, and heart)

A

cyclosporine

26
Q

how to cytotoxic drugs supress the immune system?

A

by killed B and T’s

27
Q

uses of antihistamines

A

Allergies - mild
Motion sickness
Insomnia
Common cold may decrease rinorrhea through anticholinergic action

28
Q

difference between nsaids and aceteminophen?

A

acetaminophen is not an antinflamatory

29
Q

what are the uses of NSAIDS

A

Suppress inflammation
Relieve pain
Reduce fever

30
Q

Adverse effects of NSAIDS

A

GI issues

Renal effects

31
Q

who can not have asprin

A

children

pregnant women

32
Q

Antidote for acetaminophen overdose

A

aceylcysteine

33
Q

adverse effects of gold salts

A

stomatitis, gingivitis, colitis, bone marrow depression

34
Q

what does Allopurinol treat?

A

chronic gout

35
Q

3 drugs used for Fibromyalgia

A
  1. pregabalin
  2. duloxetine
  3. milnacipran
36
Q

what is Chloroquine used from

A

prevention of malaria

37
Q

adverse effects of antimalarial

A 
Headache 
Dizziness
Fever
Chills
Malaise
Nausea
Vomiting
Hepatic Dysfunction
38
Q

malarone

A

combination of 2 drugs prevent malaria

39
Q

National Childhood Vaccine Act 1986 requires what?

A

permanent record:
Date of vaccination
Route and site
Vaccine type, mfg, lot number and expiration date
name and title of person administering vaccine

40
Q

how is Hep A spread

A

from fecal - oral

41
Q

what allergy would you not give the flu shot to ?

A

egg allergy

42
Q

tumor staging and grading

A

TNM
T: extent of primary tumor
N: lymph node involvement
M: extent of metastasis

43
Q

what drugs are used for breast cancer

A

hormonal anticancer drugs

44
Q

which generation of antihistamines are sedating?

A

first generation

45
Q

only non sedating second generation antihistamine

A

loratadine

46
Q

The prototype drug for the NSAIDs

A

aspirin

47
Q

Adverse effects of acetaminophen

A

hepatotoxicity

hepatic necrosis

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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