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Pharmacology > Diabetes meds > Flashcards

Diabetes meds Flashcards

1
Q

What level is hyperglycemia?

A

glucose >126mg/dL

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2
Q

what level is hypoglycemia?

A

Blood glucose level <60 mg/dL

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3
Q

normal glucose levels

A

70-100mg/dL

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4
Q

what do insulins function as?

A

a substitute for the endogenous hormone

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5
Q

using insulin restores which abilities of a diabetic? (3)

A
  • Metabolize carbohydrates, fats, and proteins
  • Store glucose in the liver
  • Convert glycogen to fat stores
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6
Q

Which types of insulin are used for emergencies only?

A

Regular Insulin, Lispro and other short acting insulins

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7
Q

how is insulin for emergencies given?

A

intravenously

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8
Q

duration for rapid acting insulin?

A

3-4hrs

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9
Q

duration for short acting insulin?

A

5-7hrs

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10
Q

duration for intermediate acting insulin?

A

18-24hrs

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11
Q

duration for long acting insulin?

A

24hrs

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12
Q

what is a sliding-scale insulin dosing?

A

when insulin doses are adjusted according to blood glucose test results

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13
Q

which are the only insulin types that may be given IV?

A

regular insulin and the short acting insulins

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14
Q

how should insulin be stored?

A

room temperature for current vial – up to 30 days. Refrigerate other vials

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15
Q

what is an important client teaching information about the administration of insulin?

A

Rotate site within same area to insure similar absorption and prevent complications such as lipodystrophy and atrophy

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16
Q

Oral Antidiabetic Drugs (5)

A 
Sulfonylureas
Biguanides
Glinides (Meglitinides)
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
Gliptins
17
Q

what drug class is tolbutamide in?

A

first generation sulfonylureas

18
Q

what is the effect of metformin with insulin?

A

stops weight gain and less risk of hypoglycemia in Type 2

19
Q

What is the most immediate and serious adverse effect of insulin therapy?

A

hypoglycemia

20
Q

peak of rapid acting insulin

A

.5-1hr

21
Q

peak of short acting insulin

A

2-3hrs

22
Q

peak of intermediate acting insulin

A

4-12hrs

23
Q

peak of long acting insulin

A

none

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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