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Pharmacology > More study for Exam 2 > Flashcards

More study for Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Dantrolene adverse effects

A

Weakness, drowsiness Hepatic toxicity

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2
Q

what type of drug is propranol?

A

a beta blocker

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3
Q

Mood-Stabilizing Anticonvulsants

A

Valproic acid Carbamazepine Lamotrigine

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4
Q

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) (4)

A

Phenelzine Selegiline Isocarboxazid tranylcypromine “PIST”

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5
Q

Serotonin/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs) (2)

A

Venlafaxine (Effexor) Duloxetine (Cymbalta)

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6
Q

what can provide immediate relief of anxiety

A

Benzodiazepines (such as clonazepam and alprazolam)

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7
Q

signs of lithium toxicity

A

polydipsia, slurred speech, and fine hand tremors

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8
Q

what is important to assess after the administration of an anti-psychotic?

A

The orthostatic blood pressure measurements

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9
Q

what drug class is caffeine in?

A

Methylxanthines

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10
Q

Methylphenidate usage

A

Used for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

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11
Q

adverse effects of levodopa

A
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Darkened urine and sweat
  • Can activate malignant melanoma
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12
Q

How should Levadopa be taken?

A

with food to decrease nausea and vomitting

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13
Q

what vitamin may levadopa have an interaction with

A

vitamin B6

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14
Q

What should be monitored for in patients on medication for Parkinson’s?

A
  • Inform/monitor for cardiac problems
  • Monitor for orthostatic hypotension
  • Monitor for signs of psychosis
  • May need drug holiday
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15
Q

what drug is combined with levadopa to inhibit levadopa’s metabolism?

A

Entacapone

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16
Q

what is the basic action of anticholinergic agents

A

Block the action of acetylcholine

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17
Q

2 anticholinergic agents

A
  • Benztropine
  • Trihexyphenidyl
18
Q

nParkinson’s disease reflects an imbalance between inhibitory and stimulating activity of nerves in the…?

A

Basal ganglia

19
Q

Adverse effects of Alzhiemers drug therapy

A
  • GI –stimulation leading to nausea & vomiting, diarrhea and stomach irritation
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
20
Q

What surgical treatment of parkinson’s can also be done?

A

Surgical interventions involving basal ganglia

21
Q

what type of agonist is pramipexole?

A

dopamine agonist

22
Q

adverse effects of pramipexole

A
  • nausea,
  • dizziness,
  • daytime
  • somnolence
  • , insomnia
23
Q

The big gun AED known to cause changes in personality

A

Levetiracetam

24
Q

3 drugs used for therapy for Spasticity

A
  • Baclofen
  • Diazepam
  • Dantrolene
25
Q

Adverse effects of Baclofen

A
  • CNS depressant
  • GI symptoms—nausea, constipation
  • Urinary retention
26
Q

How do Centrally Acting Muscle Relaxants work?

A

Work in the CNS to interfere with the reflexes that are causing the muscle spasm

27
Q

prototype for barbiturates

A

phenobarbital

28
Q

when does buspirone start working?

A

no quick acting like other benzodiazepines

Onset one week with full effect 2-6 weeks not a prn medication

29
Q

Adverse effects for buspirone

A

– Dizzy

– Nausea

– Headache

30
Q

lDrug of choice to treat insomnia and anxiety

A

Benzodiazepines

31
Q

what are depot drugs

A

long-acting, injectable formulations used for long-term maintenance

32
Q

What are some extrapyramidal symptoms?

A

Acute Dystonia

Parkinsonisms

Akathisia

tardive dyskinesia

33
Q

Rare but potentially fatal complication of inhalation anesthetics?

A

Malignant Hyperthermia

34
Q

what is an important consideration when administering ergotamine?

A

Do not use within 24 hours of triptans

35
Q

how long does it take to develop a tolerance the the adverse effect of orthostatic hypotension?

A

2-3months

36
Q

what is a late side effect of FGAS?

A

Tardive dyskinesia

37
Q

Ultrashort acting Barbiturate

A

thiopental

38
Q

Short to intermediate acting barbiturate

A

secobarbital

39
Q

Long acting barbiturate

A

phenobarbital

40
Q
A

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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