Autonomic nervous system Flashcards
What is the automatic nervous system referred to as?
Referred to as the involuntary or visceral nervous system
Main nerve centers for the ANS
- Hypothalamus
- Medulla
- Spinal Cord
Bodily Functions Regulated by the ANS
- Blood Pressure
- Heart Rate
- Respiration
- Body Temperature
- Water Balance
- Urinary Excretion
- Digestive Functions
2 branches of the ANS
- sympathetic
- parasympathetic
how can we think of the sympathetic nervous system
“gas pedal”
how can we think of the parasympathetic nervous system?
“brake pedal”
what happens when the sympathetic nervous system activates?
- Blood pressure and heart rate increase
- Respiratory efficiency also increases
- Bronchi are dilated and respiratory rate increases
- Pupils dilate
- Piloerection
- Blood to be diverted from GI tract
- Blood also diverted away from internal organs
what are adrenergic receptors?
by norepinephrine and epinephrine
what does alpha 1 cause? (3)
- vasoconstriction and increase peripheral resistance
- Iris- pupil dilation
- Urinary bladder- increase closure of sphincter
what does Beta 1 do?
stimulate increase myocardial activity and increase heart rate
where is alpha 2 found?
on nerve membranes
what does alpha 2 do?
- and acts as modulators of norepinephrine release.
- Helps to prevent overstimulation of effector sites
- Found in pancreas where they help moderate insulin release
where are cholinergic receptors found?
found on organs and muscles.
what does stimulation of nicotinic recptors cause?
- Muscle contraction
- Autonomic response
- Release of norepinephrine and epinephrine from the adrenal medulla
What are Alpha- and Beta-Adrenergic Agonists used as treatment for?
Treatment of hypotensive shock, bronchospasm, and some types of asthma
