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***PSYCH 347- Interpersonal Relationships > Week 3 - Attraction > Flashcards

Week 3 - Attraction Flashcards

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1
Q

What is interpersonal attraction?

A

Desire to approach someone

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2
Q

We tend to be attracted to someone whose presence is “__________ ___ ___”

What are the 2 rewards that influence attraction?

A

Rewarding to us

2 rewards:

  1. Direct rewards (humour, beauty guidance etc…)
    - more direct = more attraction
  2. Indirect rewards (name likeness, look likeness… we don’t realize)
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3
Q

Attraction is influenced by? (4)

A
  1. PERCEIVED CHARACTERISTICS of the individual who appeals to us
  2. Our current NEEDS
  3. Our current GOALS
  4. Our current DESIRES
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4
Q

What is instrumentality?

A

The degree to which an individual is able to assist us in achieving our current goals

PLAYS HUGE ROLE in whether we find someone attractive

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5
Q

How does physical proximity affect attraction?

A

Tends to determine whether or not we meet them

Our friendships and romances often form on the basis of interactions with others who are CLOSE by

Ex) sitting arrangement back in school

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6
Q

How does the mere exposure effect influence attraction?

A

REPEATED contact with someone typically INCREASES our liking of them

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7
Q

How does familiarity have its limits?

A

As we learn more information about others, we can find out that they are inept, disagreeable, obnoxious, etc.

Increased exposure to these individuals will lead to even LESS liking

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8
Q

What usually happens in long-term relationships?

A

When partners have to separate and they are committed to their relationship, their conversations tend to be…

Longer
More personal
More positive
More likely to avoid touchy topics

** end up constructing idealized images of their relationships
**couples who do get back together after long distance tend to break up after 3 months

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9
Q

“________” meetings are the 2nd most common way that “___________ ________” meet (after meeting VIA friends)

“________” meetings are the most common way that “____ & _______ _______” meet

A

Online; heterosexual couples

Online; gay & lesbian couples

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10
Q

Typically we assume that’s individuals who are good-looking are…?

A
  1. Likeable
  2. Better human beings
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11
Q

What are some more characteristics we assume that attractive people have?

A

Kind, strong, outgoing, sensitive, sexually warm, interesting, poised, sociable etc…

***We also assume they are MORE PROMISCUOUS

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12
Q

True or false. We tend to confuse beauty with talent

A

True

Physically attractive individuals make more money and are promoted more than individuals with average looks

Individuals who are attractive tend to make $230,000 more in a lifetime compared to an average looking person

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13
Q

True or false. Depending on a women’s menstrual cycle they might consider a feminine or masculine face more attractive

A

True

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14
Q

When software is used to create “_________ _______” these are seen as “________ ________”

A

Composite faces; more attractive

***Symmetry is KEY

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15
Q

Men find women more attractive when they are “_______” weight and their “_______” more narrow than their “_____”

A

Normal; waist; hips

(0.7 ideal)

They find this more important than bust size

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16
Q

Male attractive is more complex (less people agree globally). What are the preferences?

A

Typically when waist slightly more narrow than hips (if he owns a strong salary)

Broad shoulders and muscles are attractive = studies show they have sex with more women and at a younger age

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17
Q

“__________” men and women prefer partnerships where the man is taller than the women (more important for women)

“_______” is also very important as well

A

Heterosexual; smell

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18
Q

What are some more things that are considered pretty?

A

Women are considered more attractive to males when they have longer hair

Women prefer men with chests that are smooth and less hairy

Women also prefer smart males

Women/men look more attractive in red

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19
Q

Infants are born with the “_______” references for facial beauty that “_______” have

A

Born; adults

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20
Q

What do individuals with symmetrical faces typically have?

A

Tend to have symmetrical bodies and tend to have better mental and physical health

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21
Q

Women with WHRs around “___” tend to get “_______” more easily and tend to have better physical health

Man with WHR of around “___” is likely to be in better health

A

0.7; pregnant; 0.9

22
Q

When women are fertile, they are more likely to what?

A

They wear more make-up

They dress more provocatively showing more skin

They are 3x more likely to wear red

They tend to be more flirtatious towards attractive males

They are more willing to slow dance with a stranger

23
Q

What do cultural researchers argue about ovulatory shifts?

A

That these shifts are very SUBTLE and hard to replicate

24
Q

When a cultures food supply is simply unreliable…?

A

Slender women are LESS desirable than heavy women

25
Q

Black and Latina men are attracted to “_________’ women, but still prefer the “_____” WHR that is universally appealing

A

Heavier; 0.7

26
Q

During speed dates, is physical appearance important?

A

Its the strongest influence on liking

27
Q

Friendly, outgoing people are well liked BUT…?

A

Their LOOKS tend to more important

28
Q

Men tend to “______” more about a partners look

A

Care

***BUT there is NO correlation between female beauty and the amount of time spent interacting with males

*** HOWEVER more attractive males seem to have more interaction with women

29
Q

Attractive people tend to be more…?

A

Popular

Less lonely

More socially skilled

Happier

Have sex with a larger array of individuals if they wish

30
Q

What are some disadvantages with beauty?

A

People tend to tell more LIES to attractive people

People are more likely to misrepresent their interests, income & personality in order to get close

Sometimes because of this attractive people can become mistrusting ^^^

31
Q

What is “matching” in physical attractiveness?

When do “mismatches” happen?

A

Partners in romantic relationships tend to be SIMILAR in physical attractiveness

People want to settle for the BEST LOOKING partner who will take you in return

This is why husbands and wives are very similar in physical attractiveness ^^^

Mismatches in partners are more likely when partners were FRIENDS before the romance developed

32
Q

What is “mate value”?

A

Overall attractiveness as a reproductive partner

Our LIFE HISTORY tends to teach acception/rejection and what we can usually EXPECT from our romantic partners

Women who are very attractive tend to want to have an attractive partner, with good father skills, economic prosperity

People can run into problems when they overestimate their DESIRABILITY (they cant get the mate that they really want)

People who are nervous/shy tend to expect less of themselves and pursue less attractive partners

33
Q

What is “best acceptance”?

A

Often comes from potential romantic partners who are SELECTIVE and DON’T offer acceptance to everyone

NOT the same as playing hard to get

BUT being selectively hard to get can be advantageous

34
Q

Do we like those who are similar to ourselves?

A

YES it is rewarding to find individuals that share similar background, interests & tastes

Our closest friendships tend to with individuals who share much in common with us

Demographic similarity (age, sex, race etc…), attitudes & values, personalities

***VERY IMPORTANT TRAITS OF PERSONALITY:
(both agreeable, conscientious, emotionally stable)

35
Q

The vast majority of our intimate relationships tend to be with individuals of the “________ _______”

A

Same race

Different ethnic groups around 15% of the time

36
Q

Individuals in ethic relationships tend to what?

A

Have had closer contact with individuals of other ethnicities & tend to be significantly MORE accepting of other cultures

Tend to live in regions where potential partners from the same ethnic background are scarce

Are just as SATISFIED as other couples (same rates of divorce)

37
Q

Do opposites attract?

A

No

In general the more 2 individuals are alike the more liking they have for each other

Perceived similarity is important

38
Q

What is Mursteins (1987) stimulus-value-role theory?

A

We gain 3 main types of information about our partners as our new relationship PROGRESSES…

1) Stimulus: when we first meet, our attraction is based primarily upon AGE, SEX AND LOOKS

2) Value: as our relationship progresses, our attraction is dependent upon the SIMILARITY in our attitudes and beliefs

3) Role: When we discover whether we agree on the FUNDAMENTAL COMPONENTS of parenting, work, and housecleaning

39
Q

What is fatal attraction?

A

A quality that INITIALLY attracts one individual to another gradually becomes one of the MOST IRRITATING characteristics about the individual

40
Q

What does the term “you may be the person I want to become” mean?

A

People tend to ADMIRE others who have skills/abilities that they WISH THEY HAD

We are attracted to others who are similar to our ideal selves

THIS MAY become threatening and unpleasant since the other individual can make us look bad in comparison

Most appealing partner:

Those who are similar to us in MOST domains, but also conform to our attainable ideals in OTHER domains

41
Q

True or false. Dissimilarity will not decrease over time

A

False

It definitely CAN as relationships have the power to CHANGE people

Personalities do not change drastically, but attitudes can become more similar over time

Some dissimilarity can occur automatically as the relationship goes on

Our can occur consciously if they seek compatibility/companionship

42
Q

True or false. It tends to be most rewarding for our partners to agree with us on the issues that are most important to us

A

True

Housework & gender roles are important similarities

43
Q

What are some commodities that people use to attract more desirable partners?

A

Fame

Wealth

Health

Talent

Looks ex) sugar daddy and young attractive wife

44
Q

What do men and women desire for sexual selection? (Evolutionary perspective)

A

Men:
- better odds of reproducing if they mate with women who are healthy and fertile
- promoted male interest in young/beautiful partners

Women:
- don’t need to be as concerned about youth in male partners
- males typically maintain a capacity to reproduce for as long as they live

45
Q

Women care “_______” about a partners “_________ ________” than men do

A

More; financial prospects

46
Q

What does the cultural perspective argue on why women pursue valuable resources through partners?

A

Because they are frequently DENIED direct assess to political/economic power

47
Q

How can “opposites” attract =?

A

1) Instrumentality: we like RESPONSES from other individuals that can help us to reach our GOALS (ex. Partners that have different skill sets)

2) Complementarity: REACTIONS which provide a good fit to our OWN ACTIONS (attractive quality)

***CHALLENGE OUR PERSONAL GROWTH

48
Q

Men and women typically search for partners who are…?

A

Warm, loyal, trustworthy, kind, supportive & understanding

***Attractive (important for SHORT FLING)

Outgoing

Financially secure

Living well/comfortably

***consider this on a long term relationship or a short term fling

49
Q

Male priorities for a long-term relationship?

A
  1. Warmth/loyalty
  2. Attractiveness
  3. Status
50
Q

Women priorities for a long-term relationship?

A
  1. Warmth/loyalty
  2. Status/resources
  3. Attractiveness
51
Q

What are the universally top 4 traits that are sought for in a relationship partner? (Heterosexual & homosexual)

What are the dealbreakers?

A

Intelligence

Humor

Kindness

Dependability

———————————————-

Abusive/untrustworthy

Poor health

Poor hygiene

***Women tend to be more cautious and more selective

***PSYCH 347- Interpersonal Relationships (14 decks)

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