Week 2 - Research Methods Flashcards
True or false. The field of relationship science, there are numerous books and websites that offer information that is not at all accurate
True
They may…
- Base advice on their own experience
- Make up relationship advice from observations
Until the “_____ ______” century relationships were primarily the focus of “________ & ____________”
Mid 20th; poets & philosophers
“_________ _________” started conducting “________” observations in the “________”
What did they address?
Behavioural scientists; empirical; 1930’s
They addressed…
Children’s friendship and marriage
True or false. Many relationship studies were conducted before WWII
False
Numerous empirical research studies were done in the “________ & _______”
Who was involved?
1960’s & 1970’s
Ellen Bershield & Elaine Hatfield (attraction and love)
What are 3 drawbacks of empirical investigations?
- Don’t adequately represent the natural complexity
- They do provide proof that relationships can be studied scientifically
- Relationship science gained attention of numerous in other related fields (a lot of collaboration among their scholars)
What are 6 characteristics of relationship science today?
- DIVERSE samples of individuals
- Focus on family, romantic and friendship relations
- Tends to investigate relationships over TIME
- Highlights (+) and (-) ‘s of relationships
- Often evaluated in their NATURAL enviro
- Sophisticated tech is now used
What was the virtual human interaction lab at standford university?
2 individuals play a game of 20 questions in an attempt to GUESS a secret word
Their facial expressions are tracked and mapped onto AVATARS within a VIRTUAL environment
Enjoyment of the interaction is significantly HIGHER when they see smiles on the SIMULATION faces of their partners that are a bit LARGER and broader than the ACTUAL smiles their partners are showing.
Questions can be generated VIA…?
Personal experiences
Social changes/problems
Previous research
Theoretical perspectives
What are the 2 board types of questions?
- Those whose PURPOSE to DESCRIBE events as they occur NATURALLY
- outline the patterns as quickly and accurately as they can - Those whose PURPOSE is to HIGHLIGHT CASUAL connections that exist b/w events
- which events have impacts & which ones don’t?
What are the 2 main ways to obtain participation?
- Convience samples
- ex) uni students research participation marks, some conditions usually have to be met - Representative samples
- need participants in sample to represent the population they are supposed to represent
- volunteered bias (ppl tend to be more employed, high income, cohabit?)
***LOOKING TO APPLY GENERAL PRINCIPLES = USED REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLES
The vast majority of publications come from cultures that are…?
Western
Well-educated
Industrialized
Relatively rich
Democratic
***RESEARCH HAS TO BE MORE SO SIMPLE/BASIC PRINCIPLES THAT CAN BE APPLIED = GENERALLY THEN REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLES STILL GIVE GOOD FEEDBACK
What happened in the study “would you go to bed with me tonight”?
75% of men agreed to got to a random girls appartment on campus
WHEREAS, the amount of women was zero
Study generalized to over 20,000 findings
A “______ ______” will always have “______________”
Single study; imperfections
These weaknesses can be addressed by other STUDIES strengths
Converge towards a single question = gradually reveal the true nature of relationships
What are correlations?
Pattern in which the CHANGE in one variable is associated with CHANGE in another variable
Typically investigate NATURALLY occurring behaviour
(+) correlation: the variables move up and down together
(-) correlation: as one goes up, the other goes down
Unrelated: as one variable changes, this does not impact the other variable in any predictable manner
