WEEK 2 SUPERFICIAL BACK ROTATOR CUFF Flashcards
Appendicular skeleton
All of the upper and lower appendages
Axial skeleton
Skull, thoracic cage, and vertebrae
Spinal vs transverse processes locations on vertebrae?
Spinal processes most posterior, transverse off to side
Superficial extrinsic muscles of the back attach?
The upper limb to the axial skeleton (associated with axial and appendicular skeleton)
Deep intrinsic back muscles do what?
Maintain posture and movement of the vertebral column (only associated with axial skeleton)
What are the 3 groups of superficial extrinsic back muscles?
1) Superficial extrinsic shoulder muscles- trapezius and latissimus dorsi
2) Deep extrinsic shoulder muscles- levator scapulae and rhomboids
3) Intrinsic should muscles- deltoid, teres major, RCMs (I&O on shoulder ONLY)
Intrinsic shoulder muscles origin and insert?
ONLY on the shoulder
What is the prim elevator of shoulders?
Trapezius
What is the prim depressor of shoulders?
Gravity
Triangle of auscultation is found where?
Between trapezius, latissimus dorsi, and teres major
Triangle of auscultation does what?
Is a brief opening between muscles (better when hunched) that allows for a clinical evaluation of breath sounds with stethoscope
Rhomboid minor or major is located superior to the other?
Minor is superior to major and a lot smaller (look like the same muscle)
What are the four rotator cuff muscles (RCMs)?
SITS- Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis
Remember what TWO muscles are not RCMS?
Teres major and levator scapulae (bc you mess this up a lot)
Why is it important that the head of the humerus is bigger than the glenoid cavity?
Important to allow movement in all directions
Why is it bad that the head of the humerus is bigger than the glenoid cavity?
Because it makes it easy to displace, purpose the RCMs to hold in place
What is the JOB of RMCs?
To hold the head of humerus into glenoid cavity
What is the only RCM that initiates abduction?
Supraspinatus (0-15)
What is the only RCM that medially rotates arm?
Subscapularis
What are the 2 RCMs that laterally rotate arm?
Infraspinatus and teres minor muscles
What RCM is the most common to get injured?
Supraspinatus
Blood supply to Deltoid?
Axillary artery= anterior and posterior humeral circumflex arteries
Main blood supply to trapezius?
Transverse cervical artery
What artery travels with suprascapular nerves?
Suprascapular artery
What are the 3 artery branches off the subclavian artery?
Suprascapular, dorsal scapular arteries, transverse scapular artery
What are anastomoses?
Areas that two vascular suppliers are mixing without capillaries between them to supply blood to the same area. Important to secure blood supply in case of a clot in one artery
What are anastomoses examples?
1) Scapular anastomoses= major branches coming from axilla artery and subclavian artery
2) around elbow
Muscles inserting posteriorly rotate?
Laterally
Muscles inserting anteriorly rotate?
Medially
Muscles inserting on the greater tubercle rotate?
Laterally (it is posterior insertion)
Muscles inserting on lesser tubercle rotate?
Medially (it is a anterior insertions)
Muscles must do what in order to move a joint?
Cross the joint
Most dislocations do what to the humeral head? Hurt what nerve?
Drive it inferoanteriorly, hurt axillary nerve
How would you test for axillary nerve injury?
Test deltoid or teres minor
