WEEK 2 SUPERFICIAL BACK ROTATOR CUFF

Question 1

Appendicular skeleton

Answer 1

All of the upper and lower appendages

Question 2

Axial skeleton

Answer 2

Skull, thoracic cage, and vertebrae

Question 3

Spinal vs transverse processes locations on vertebrae?

Answer 3

Spinal processes most posterior, transverse off to side

Question 4

Superficial extrinsic muscles of the back attach?

Answer 4

The upper limb to the axial skeleton (associated with axial and appendicular skeleton)

Question 5

Deep intrinsic back muscles do what?

Answer 5

Maintain posture and movement of the vertebral column (only associated with axial skeleton)

Question 6

What are the 3 groups of superficial extrinsic back muscles?

Answer 6

1) Superficial extrinsic shoulder muscles- trapezius and latissimus dorsi
2) Deep extrinsic shoulder muscles- levator scapulae and rhomboids
3) Intrinsic should muscles- deltoid, teres major, RCMs (I&O on shoulder ONLY)

Question 7

Intrinsic shoulder muscles origin and insert?

Answer 7

ONLY on the shoulder

Question 8

What is the prim elevator of shoulders?

Answer 8

Trapezius

Question 9

What is the prim depressor of shoulders?

Answer 9

Gravity

Question 10

Triangle of auscultation is found where?

Answer 10

Between trapezius, latissimus dorsi, and teres major

Question 11

Triangle of auscultation does what?

Answer 11

Is a brief opening between muscles (better when hunched) that allows for a clinical evaluation of breath sounds with stethoscope

Question 12

Rhomboid minor or major is located superior to the other?

Answer 12

Minor is superior to major and a lot smaller (look like the same muscle)

Question 13

What are the four rotator cuff muscles (RCMs)?

Answer 13

SITS- Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, Subscapularis

Question 14

Remember what TWO muscles are not RCMS?

Answer 14

Teres major and levator scapulae (bc you mess this up a lot)

Question 15

Why is it important that the head of the humerus is bigger than the glenoid cavity?

Answer 15

Important to allow movement in all directions

Question 16

Why is it bad that the head of the humerus is bigger than the glenoid cavity?

Answer 16

Because it makes it easy to displace, purpose the RCMs to hold in place

Question 17

What is the JOB of RMCs?

Answer 17

To hold the head of humerus into glenoid cavity

Question 18

What is the only RCM that initiates abduction?

Answer 18

Supraspinatus (0-15)

Question 19

What is the only RCM that medially rotates arm?

Answer 19

Subscapularis

Question 20

What are the 2 RCMs that laterally rotate arm?

Answer 20

Infraspinatus and teres minor muscles

Question 21

What RCM is the most common to get injured?

Answer 21

Supraspinatus

Question 22

Blood supply to Deltoid?

Answer 22

Axillary artery= anterior and posterior humeral circumflex arteries

Question 23

Main blood supply to trapezius?

Answer 23

Transverse cervical artery

Question 24

What artery travels with suprascapular nerves?

Answer 24

Suprascapular artery

Question 25

What are the 3 artery branches off the subclavian artery?

Answer 25

Suprascapular, dorsal scapular arteries, transverse scapular artery

Question 26

What are anastomoses?

Answer 26

Areas that two vascular suppliers are mixing without capillaries between them to supply blood to the same area. Important to secure blood supply in case of a clot in one artery

Question 27

What are anastomoses examples?

Answer 27

1) Scapular anastomoses= major branches coming from axilla artery and subclavian artery 2) around elbow

Question 28

Muscles inserting posteriorly rotate?

Answer 28

Laterally

Question 29

Muscles inserting anteriorly rotate?

Answer 29

Medially

Question 30

Muscles inserting on the greater tubercle rotate?

Answer 30

Laterally (it is posterior insertion)

Question 31

Muscles inserting on lesser tubercle rotate?

Answer 31

Medially (it is a anterior insertions)

Question 32

Muscles must do what in order to move a joint?

Answer 32

Cross the joint

Question 33

Most dislocations do what to the humeral head? Hurt what nerve?

Answer 33

Drive it inferoanteriorly, hurt axillary nerve

Question 34

How would you test for axillary nerve injury?

Answer 34

Test deltoid or teres minor