Anatomical, Position, Direction, and Action Terminology Flashcards
anatomy
The study of body structure. The oldest, most clinically relevant of the basic sciences.
anatomical position
- The body is standing erect with the face anterior (forward)
- Arms at the side
- Palms of hands turned anteriorly (forward)
- Eyes directed to the horizon
sagittal plane
A plane that divides the body into unequal right and left portions
Mid-sagittal plane
divides the body into left and right halves
Frontal/Coronal Plane
divides the body into anterior and posteriors portions
transverse/horizontal/cross-sectional plane
divides the body into superior and inferior portions
anterior
ventral, toward the front of the body
posterior
dorsal, toward the back of the body
superior
cephalic, towards the head
inferior
caudal, toward the feet
medial
towards the Mid-sagittal plane
lateral
away from the mid-sagittal plane
proximal
toward the center of the body
distal
away from the center of the body
superficial
toward the surface of the body
deep
toward the center of the body
ipsilateral
on the same side
contralateral
on the opposite side
somatic
refers to the body wall
visceral
refers to structures in the body cavity
flexion
decrease in anterior angle of a joint
extension
increase in anterior angle of a joint
abduction
movement away from the midline
adduction
movement toward the midline
pronation
turning the palm posteriorly
supination
turning the palm anteriorly
circumduction
combination of flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
Ex: stick arm out, move in circle
rotation
movement of a bone around its longitudinal axis
Ex: Arm stays still, forearm moves back and forth on elbow joint
inversion
turning sole of foot inward
eversion
turning sole of foot outward
doriflexion
approximating dorsum of foot to front of leg, pointing toes UPward
plantar flexsion
drawing hell upward, pointing toes downward
