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Human Anatomy Fall 2017 > WEEK 1 PEC REGION, BREAST, AXILLA > Flashcards

WEEK 1 PEC REGION, BREAST, AXILLA Flashcards

1
Q

Why does the variable inferior border of pec region vary?

A

Bc females have different size breasts, typically around T5 for males (nipple at T4)

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2
Q

What makes up the thoracic cage?

A

Sternum, jugular notch, vertebrae

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3
Q

Another name for jugular notch?

A

Suprasternal notch

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4
Q

What makes up the pectoral girdle?

A

Clavicle and scapula held together by muscles and ligaments

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5
Q

Does the origin or insertion typically move?

A

Insertion; origin is a fixed location

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6
Q

The lateral pectoral nerves goes through both the pec major and minor?

A

False. Lateral nerve only goes through Pec Major. Medial Pec nerve goes through BOTH

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7
Q

What makes the base of the axilla?

A

Fascia and skin

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8
Q

What makes the apex of the axilla?

A

Clavicle and rib 1

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9
Q

What is the “inlet” of the axilla?

A

The apex region (clavicle and rib 1)

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10
Q

What makes the anterior wall of the axilla?

A

Pectoral muscles

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11
Q

What makes the lateral wall of the axilla?

A

Humerus

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12
Q

What makes the medial wall of the axilla?

A

Rib cage

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13
Q

What makes the posterior wall of the axilla?

A

Subscapularis (teres major and latissimus dorsi)

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14
Q

What are the contents of axilliary?

A

Axillary artery & its branchs, axillary vein, axillary lymph nodes, brachial plexus of nerve (ventral rami of C5-T1) and axillary tail of Spence (of female breast)

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15
Q

Where is the axillary tail of Spence?

A

Female breast that connects into axillary

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16
Q

What are the vertebrae that start the brachial plexus?

A

C5-T1

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17
Q

What is found WITHIN the axillary sheath?

A

Axillary artery, axillary vein, brachial plexus nerves

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18
Q

Artery verses vein

A

Artery= away from heart, vein= towards heart

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19
Q

The axillary artery is a continuation of what artery?

A

Subclavian artery

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20
Q

The axillary artery STARTS where?

A

At the lateral border of the 1st rib

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21
Q

Axillary artery supplies what areas of the body?

A

Pectoral region, axilla, upper extremity (some back around scapula)

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22
Q

What does axilla mean?

A

Armpit, or space below shoulder where arm connects

23
Q

Where does the brachial artery START?

A

At the LATERAL border of teres major muscle

24
Q

List in order the subclavian, aorta, brachial, axillary arteries as they leave the heart

A

Heartaortasubclavianaxillarybrachial

25
Q

Describe the location of the arteries in the first segment of the axillary artery?

A

Medial to the pec minor

26
Q

Describe the location of the arteries in the second segment of the axillary artery?

A

Deep to the pec minor

27
Q

Describe the location of the arteries in the third segment of the axillary artery?

A

Lateral to the pec minor

28
Q

What is the artery in the first segment of axillary artery branch? What is does?

A

Superior thoracic artery= supplies first two intercostal spaces

29
Q

What is the artery in the second segment of axillary artery branch? What is does?

A
  • Thoracoacromial trunk= has clavicular, pectoral, deltoid, and acromial branches
  • Lateral thoracic artery= runs with long thoracic nerve and supplies those muscles
30
Q

What is the artery in the third segment of axillary artery branch? What is does?

A
  • Subscapular artery= divides into thoracodorsal and circumflex scapular branches
  • Anterior humeral circumflex artery= passes around surgical neck of humerus
  • Posterior humeral circumflex artery= runs with axillary nerve
31
Q

What artery runs with the long thoracic nerve?

A

Lateral thoracic artery

32
Q

What two veins make the axillary vein?

A

Brachial vein and basilic vein (pinky)

33
Q

What vein drains into the axillary vein?

A

Cephalic (thumb)

34
Q

What arteries/veins supply the breast?

A

Lateral AND medial mammary branches

35
Q

Mammary branches come off of what artery/vein?

A

Lateral thoracic (which comes off of axillary)

36
Q

What specific lymph nodes drains the breast?

A

Anterior lymph nodes

37
Q

What innervates the breast?

A

Supraclavicular nerves and intercostal nerve endings

38
Q

What is special about the nerves in the breast?

A

They are sensory only, can’t actually cause motor movement

39
Q

Name the 5 clusters of lymph nodes in axillary?

A

Lateral, posterior, anterior, central, and apical

40
Q

Lateral node

A

Receives most of the upper limb drainage

41
Q

Posterior node

A

Drains the upper back

42
Q

Anterior node

A

Drain the BREAST and anterior trunk

43
Q

Central node

A

Receive lymph from several other groupings of lymph nodes

44
Q

Apical nodes

A

Connect with supraclavicular nodes

45
Q

List the order of lymph node drainage?

A

Axillary nodes (all 5)supraclavicular nodessubclavian lymph nodesright lymphatic duct right brachiocephalic vein (venous return to heart)

46
Q

Lymphedema occurs because?

A

Of obstructions in the flow of lymph

47
Q

Areolar glands

A

Secret during breat feeding for protection

48
Q

Suspensory ligaments

A

Ligaments found in the breast to give structure

49
Q

Lactiferous duct

A

Transfer milk from the mammary lobules to the nipple in a breasts

50
Q

Mammary lobules

A

Produce milk in breasts

51
Q

Areola

A

Entire dark patch of protective skin that surrounds the nipple

52
Q

Adult woman during lactating? After menopause?

A

Lactating have LARGE mammary lobules, after menopause little and less suspensory ligaments

53
Q

Most affected area of breast cancer is in what location?

A

Superolateral breast, typically something with suspensory ligaments, texture change, spreads through lymph

Human Anatomy Fall 2017 (19 decks)

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