Week 2 - Bone Nomenclature Flashcards
define nomenclature
a system of names
true or false: nomenclature is always precise as it has been by rule (TA & NA) and by convention
false; it is not always precise
when is nomenclature more precise?
when it is applied to a particular bone
what are bone markings and where are they visible?
bone markings occur when there are fibrous attachments on bone
1) tendon
2) aponeurosis (a flat broad tendon)
3) fascia (layer of fibrous tissue)
4) intermuscular septum
5) ligament
what are the basic types of bone marking?
1) elevations
2) facets
3) depression
elevations in bone markings may be _____, _____, or ______
linear (line, ridge, crest), rounded (malleolus, tubercle, tuberosity, trochanter) or sharp (styloid process, spine)
what is an example of a linear (line) elevation?
anterior oblique line of radius
what is an example of a linear (crest) elevation?
crest of scapula,
iliac crest
medial and lateral supracondyle crest (ridge) of humerus
what are examples of rounded tuberosity?
greater and lesser tuberosity of humerus
dorsal tubercle of radius
what are examples of sharp elevation?
styloid process
spine of scapula
what are examples of facets?
super and inferior demifacet of ribs
define facets
small, smooth, sometimes elevated flat areas
- called articular facets if covered with articular (joint) cartilage
- some rounded articular areas are called heads or condyles
- a trochlea is “pulley”
what is a trochlea?
a pulley
define depression
1) Small: fovea or pit
2) Length: groove or sulcus
3) Large: fossa
4) Notch: incisura; when bridged by ligament or bone is a foramen; foramen with length is a canal or meatus; canal has os (ostium, orifice, opening) at each end
What bony nomenclature can you find at the distal ulna?
fovea or pit of the distal ulna
