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ANTH 352 > Sternum and Ribs > Flashcards

Sternum and Ribs Flashcards

1
Q

what does the thorax consist of?

A

The thorax consists of the thoracic spine, the rib cage, and the sternum.

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2
Q

Medial end of clavicle articulates with clavicular notch

of manubrium, and with 1st costal cartilage via _______

A

costo clavicular ligament

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3
Q

other names for body of sternum

A

corpus sterni = gladiolus

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4
Q

each segment of the body of sternum is known as ______

A

sternebra = gladiolus segment

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5
Q

where is the costal angle located?

A

angle is at posterior end of the body where ribs tend to both bend and twist ; this is why ribs will not lie flat

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6
Q

vertebrochondral ribs and floating ribs are____

A

false ribs

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7
Q

true or false: Rib slopes inferiorly from its vertebral end

and cartilage slopes superiorly to its sternal end

A

true

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8
Q

what is the longest rib?

A

rib 7

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9
Q

Tubercle of rib has an (1) articular part
__________ (for facet at tip of vertebral transverse
process) and an adjacent (2) non articular part (for lateral costotransverse ligament)

A

Tubercle of rib has an (1) articular part transverse costal facet (for facet at tip of vertebral transverse process) and an adjacent (2) non articular part (for lateral costotransverse ligament)

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10
Q

the sternum is composed of 3 parts. What are they?

A 
manubrium sterni (handle) 
corpus sterni (body) 
xiphoid process (point)
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11
Q

First costal cartilage unites first rib to lateral aspect of manubrium just inferior to clavicular notch. This is called a ________

A

synchondrosis

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12
Q

true or false: the xiphoid process is not useful for metric studies

A

true; xiphoid process is variable in length

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13
Q

xiphisternal synchondrosis

A

xiphisternal junction (may become synostosis in 40s and later)

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14
Q

what are the sternal - vertebral levels?

A
  • Jugular notch: horizontal with inferior surface of T2
  • Sternal angle: horizontal with inferior surface of T4
  • Xiphisternal joint: level with inferior surface of T8
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15
Q

true or false: ossification of sternebra and fusion of sternebrae occurs craniocaudally and caudocranially, respectively

A

true
ossification - craniocaudal
fusion -caudocranial

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16
Q

sternal aperture

A

sternal foramen

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17
Q

ribs + costal cartilage =

A

costa (however, rib is commonly used)

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18
Q

how many pairs of costae ribs in humans?

A

12

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19
Q

ribs tend to be _____ in cross section

A

flattened

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20
Q

true or false: Costal groove on inferomedial aspect of
each rib contains and protects intracostal
nerve, artery, and vein in life

A

false; Costal groove on inferomedial aspect of
each rib contains and protects intercostal
nerve, artery, and vein in life

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21
Q

rib is composed of 3 parts; what are they

A
  • Vertebral end: head, neck, tubercle
  • Body comprises most of rib; body shape varies according to rib number
  • Sternal end: has a small pit into which costal cartilage fits
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22
Q

where is the rib angle

A

posterior aspect of body

23
Q

true or false; Each rib articulates posteriorly with one or more vertebrae, but not all ribs articulate directly with the sternum anteriorly

A

true

24
Q

how many pairs of false ribs are there?

A

5 pairs of false ribs (8-12)

25
Q

which pair of ribs are vertebralchondral ribs?

A

pairs 8-10 (indirect connection to ribs via cartilage)

26
Q

which pair of ribs are floating ribs?

A

11 and 12

27
Q

which pair of ribs are true ribs?

A

pairs 1 - 7

28
Q

the uppermost 7 pairs of ribs connect to sternum via _____

A

costal cartilage

29
Q

what are the rib articulations?

A
  1. Costovertebral articulations
    a. Joint of head of a rib
    b. Joint of tubercle of rib
  2. Sternocostal articulation
  3. Interchondral articulation
30
Q

true or false; when ossification of ribs occur, it goes all the way to sternal end

A

false; it does not go all the way to sternal end; that is why there are costal cartilages

31
Q

where does ossification of ribs start?

A

posterior angle

32
Q

when does epiphyses of head and tubercle of ribs start to fuse?

A

24 years

33
Q

Rib and cartilage 3 or 4 may be split anteriorly, resulting in a _____

A

bifid rib

34
Q

why are ribs 1-7 considered bucket handles?

A

handle rises and falls with inspiration and expiration

35
Q

ribs 8-10: gliding movement

A

• Flat facets on anterosuperior aspects of tips of T8 T10

vertebral transverse processes allow gliding movement of ribs , which expands chest

36
Q

define synostosis

A

bony fusion

37
Q

how often does synostosis of corpus sterni to manubrium sterni occur?

A

may occur in more than 10 percent of adults

38
Q

the manubriosternal joint is a _____ that lie in the _______plane

A

symphyses; sagittal plane

39
Q

how would you determine sex of individual by looking at body (corpus) of sternum?

A

length of body of male sternum is usually > 2X length

of the manubrium; in female, length of body of sternum is usually < 2X length of manubrium

40
Q

how many segments in a sternebrae?

A

starts with 4 and then fuses together

41
Q

manubiosternal joint

A

hinge-like movements and moveable

42
Q

what does vertebral end of ribs contain

A

head, neck, tubercle, crest

43
Q

what does body of rib contain

A

costal groove

44
Q

what forms the greater part of the thorax?

A

sternum and ribs

45
Q

manubrium sterni is to ____ whereas corpus sterni is to _____

A

handle; body

46
Q

Medial end of clavicle articulates with clavicular notch

of manubrium, and with 1 st costal cartilage via ________

A

costoclavicular ligament

47
Q

inferior border of manubrium articulates with corpus sterni at _____ joint

A

manubriosternal joint, or sternomanubrial joint, at sternal angle

48
Q

corpus sterni = ____ = ______

A

gladiolus = body

49
Q

the 4 sternebra fuses _______(direction)

A

caudocranially

50
Q

the 4 sternebra fuses caudocranially. This is called _____ (joint)

A

synostoses

51
Q

the manubriosternal joint is a ______ joint

A

symphyses

52
Q

costotransverse joint is a ____ joint

A

synovial joints

53
Q

which ribs do not have tubercles?

A

11th and 12th ribs

ANTH 352 (26 decks)

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