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ANTH 352 > Shoulder girdle > Flashcards

Shoulder girdle Flashcards

1
Q

true or false; pectoral girdle is the same as shoulder girdle

A

true

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2
Q

at which joint does the shoulder girdle attach to the axial skeleton?

A

sternoclavicular joints bilaterally

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3
Q

what is the shoulder girdle comprised of?

A

both clavicles, both scapulae, and the associated muscles

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4
Q

shoulder girdle is a _____ around the anterior, lateral, and posterior thorax

A

bony arch

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5
Q

what does the shoulder girdle allow for?

A

provides highly mobile platform for the humerus

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6
Q

true or false: many arm muscles are attached to the scapula and clavicle

A

true

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7
Q

true or false: the clavicle acts as a strut to hold the scapula medially

A

false; the clavicle acts as a strut to hold the scapula laterally

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8
Q

define complex joint

A

Joints that have two or more articular surfaces which also contain an articular disc are called complex joints

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9
Q

what does the incomplete ring shape of the shoulder girdle allow for?

A

significantly increased mobility

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10
Q

the shoulder girdle is _____ anteriorly and _______ posteriorly

A

mobile; open

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11
Q

how many muscles attach to each scapula?

A

16 mm on each scapula

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12
Q

what is the primary function of the shoulder girdle?

A

The primary function of the shoulder girdle is to
provide muscle attachment points points for the many muscles that control the movements of the shoulder and the elbow, which orient the arm and hand in space

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13
Q

the acromioclavicular joint and the sternoclavicular joint are _____ joints

A

highly mobile complex diarthrodial joints

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14
Q

what joint connects the shoulder to the axial skeleton?

A

sternoclavicular joint

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15
Q

define syndesmosis

A

A syndesmosis is a union by ligamentous fibres, bony parts being some distance apart

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16
Q

the coracoclavicular joint is a syndesmosis between what?

A

coracoid process and inferior lateral clavicle

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17
Q

the scapulothoracic unit is a _____ joint

A

functional joint

The
scapulothoracic unit
is a “functional joint” between the concave anterior surface of the scapula and the convex posterior and lateral rib cage

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18
Q

true or false: as the scapula moves, the humerus and remainder of upper limb move with it

A

true

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19
Q

true or false: the sternoclavicular joint is the articulation of the clavicle to the manubrium AND the 1st rib

A

true

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20
Q

the subclavicular sulcus (groove) is at the posteroinferior midshaft region. What is the function of the sulcus?

A

protects blood vessels; site of insertion of subclavius

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21
Q

where is the origin of the costoclavicular ligament, and what is the function of this ligament?

A

originates at costal impression (tuberosity) and contributes to overall strength of steroclavicular joint

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22
Q

Medial end of clavicle articulates

with clavicular notch of _____, and with 1st costal (rib) cartilage via _______ ligament

A

manubrium; costoclavicular

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23
Q

what do joints with articular discs allow for?

A

Joints with articular discs allow movement in

more than one plane they are “complex” joints

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24
Q

true or false: clavicles have medullary cavities

A

false; clavicles have no medullary cavities

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25
Q

true or false: clavicle ossifies in membrane

A

true

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26
Q

when does the clavicle ossify?

A

5 weeks in utero

1st bone to ossify, last to fuse

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27
Q

how many borders, angles, and processes does the scapula have?

A

3 borders
3 angles
4 processes

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28
Q

the suprascapular notch is for the ____

A

suprascapular nerve

29
Q

where is the origin of long head of triceps brachii?

A

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

30
Q

supraglenoid tubercle is origin site for

A

long head of biceps brachii

31
Q

glenoid labrum

A

fibrocartilaginous glenoid labrum (lip) forms a rim around glenoid fossa which increases fossa depth and hence glenohumeral joint stability

32
Q

spinoglenoid notch

A

Spinoglenoid notch provides passage for
infraspinous branches of suprascapular
blood vessels and nerve

33
Q

scapula ossification

A

Ossifies from 7 or more centres: one for
body, two each for coracoid and
acromion, one each for vertebral border,
inferior angle

Distal (terminal) acromial centre may
not fuse with remainder of scapula
may remain separate as os acromiale

34
Q

scapulo-humeral rhythm

A

• As a result of the intimate connections
between the joints formed by the humerus,
scapula, clavicle, and manubrium, these
joints tend to work in a concerted fashion
to move the upper extremity
• The combination of the summed motions of
these joints is known as the scapulo
humeral rhythm

35
Q

give examples of buttresses

A

axillary border buttress

spinoglenoid buttress

36
Q

true or false: Major disparity in size between small glenoid fossa articular surface and large humeral head
articular surface leads to less mobility of the humeral head within the glenoid fossa

A

false; major disparity in size leads to enhanced mobility

37
Q

what do joints with articular discs allow for?

A

movement in more than one plane (complex joints)

38
Q

what separates the medial end of the clavicle from the clavicular notch of the manubrium at the sternoclavicular joint?

A

articular disc (complex joint)

39
Q

do clavicles have a medullary cavity?

A

no

40
Q

true or false; clavicles vary more in shape than any other long bone

A

true

41
Q

true or false; the clavicle is the first to ossify and the last to fuse

A

true

42
Q

true or false; clavicle ossification occurs in dermal surface

A

false; clavicle ossification occurs in membrane

43
Q

clavicle ossification

A

2 primary centres in shaft, 1 secondary centre at sternal end

44
Q

the anterior surface of the scapula is also known as the ____ surface of scapula

A

costal

45
Q

what ligaments arise from the coracoid process?

A

coracohumeral ligament and coracoacromial ligament

46
Q

where is the origin site of the long head of biceps brachii?

A

supraglenoid tubercle

47
Q

spinoglenoid notch

A

provides passage for infraspinous branches of suprascapular blood vessels and nerve

48
Q

scapular buttress

A

• Smooth strengthening bar runs close to lateral (axillary) border
• Another strengthening bar is at lateral border
of scapular spine at medial edge of spinoglenoid notch

49
Q

scapulohumeral rhythm

A

As a result of the intimate connections
between the joints formed by the humerus,
scapula, clavicle, and manubrium, these
joints tend to work in a concerted fashion
to move the upper extremity

50
Q

where is the scapular neck

A

around glenoid fossa

51
Q

what is complex joint?

A

when more than 2 articular surface and intraarticular disc

52
Q

what joints are in the shoulder region?

A

coracoclavicular, scapulothoracic, acromioclavicular, glenohumeral, sternoclavicular

53
Q

sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints are ____ joints

A

diarthrodial complex joints

54
Q

which joints in the shoulder girdle are complex?

A

acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular

55
Q

what muscles attach to clavicle?

A

trapezius, pec major, anterior deltoid

56
Q

what is at the angle of the clavicle on the inferior lateral side?

A

conoid tubercle

57
Q

what two ligaments form the coracoclavicular ligament?

A

trapezoid ligament and conoid ligament

58
Q

costal impression (tuberosity)

A

attachment side for costoclavicular ligament which contributes to strength of sternoclavicular joint

59
Q

subclavicular sulcus

A

protects blood vessels and site of insertion for subclavius

60
Q

clavicle ossification and fusion

A

first to ossify, last to fuse

61
Q

4 processes of scapula

A

glenoid, spinous, acromion, coracoid

62
Q

where does the long head of triceps brachii originate?

A

infraglenoid tubercle

63
Q

what attaches of medial border of scapula?

A

rhomboids, levator scapula

64
Q

what inserts at superior angle of scapula?

A

levator scapula

65
Q

what attaches to the coracoid process (anterior)

A

suprascapular ligament, conoid ligament, trapezoid ligament, origin of biceps short head and coracobrachialis

66
Q

what attaches to the coracoid process (latero posterior view)

A

coracohumeral ligament and coracoacromial ligament

67
Q

purpose of glenoid labrum

A

prevents dislocation by adding depth to glenoid fossa

68
Q

where is the apex of scapula?

A

end of spinous process (medial side) of scapula

69
Q

the spioglenoid notch is on the _____ border of spine

A

lateral border of spine

lateral borer of spine is a buttress

ANTH 352 (26 decks)

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