Shoulder girdle

Question 1

true or false; pectoral girdle is the same as shoulder girdle

Answer 1

true

Question 2

at which joint does the shoulder girdle attach to the axial skeleton?

Answer 2

sternoclavicular joints bilaterally

Question 3

what is the shoulder girdle comprised of?

Answer 3

both clavicles, both scapulae, and the associated muscles

Question 4

shoulder girdle is a _____ around the anterior, lateral, and posterior thorax

Answer 4

bony arch

Question 5

what does the shoulder girdle allow for?

Answer 5

provides highly mobile platform for the humerus

Question 6

true or false: many arm muscles are attached to the scapula and clavicle

Answer 6

true

Question 7

true or false: the clavicle acts as a strut to hold the scapula medially

Answer 7

false; the clavicle acts as a strut to hold the scapula laterally

Question 8

define complex joint

Answer 8

Joints that have two or more articular surfaces which also contain an articular disc are called complex joints

Question 9

what does the incomplete ring shape of the shoulder girdle allow for?

Answer 9

significantly increased mobility

Question 10

the shoulder girdle is _____ anteriorly and _______ posteriorly

Answer 10

mobile; open

Question 11

how many muscles attach to each scapula?

Answer 11

16 mm on each scapula

Question 12

what is the primary function of the shoulder girdle?

Answer 12

The primary function of the shoulder girdle is to
provide muscle attachment points points for the many muscles that control the movements of the shoulder and the elbow, which orient the arm and hand in space

Question 13

the acromioclavicular joint and the sternoclavicular joint are _____ joints

Answer 13

highly mobile complex diarthrodial joints

Question 14

what joint connects the shoulder to the axial skeleton?

Answer 14

sternoclavicular joint

Question 15

define syndesmosis

Answer 15

A syndesmosis is a union by ligamentous fibres, bony parts being some distance apart

Question 16

the coracoclavicular joint is a syndesmosis between what?

Answer 16

coracoid process and inferior lateral clavicle

Question 17

the scapulothoracic unit is a _____ joint

Answer 17

functional joint

The
scapulothoracic unit
is a “functional joint” between the concave anterior surface of the scapula and the convex posterior and lateral rib cage

Question 18

true or false: as the scapula moves, the humerus and remainder of upper limb move with it

Answer 18

true

Question 19

true or false: the sternoclavicular joint is the articulation of the clavicle to the manubrium AND the 1st rib

Answer 19

true

Question 20

the subclavicular sulcus (groove) is at the posteroinferior midshaft region. What is the function of the sulcus?

Answer 20

protects blood vessels; site of insertion of subclavius

Question 21

where is the origin of the costoclavicular ligament, and what is the function of this ligament?

Answer 21

originates at costal impression (tuberosity) and contributes to overall strength of steroclavicular joint

Question 22

Medial end of clavicle articulates

with clavicular notch of _____, and with 1st costal (rib) cartilage via _______ ligament

Answer 22

manubrium; costoclavicular

Question 23

what do joints with articular discs allow for?

Answer 23

Joints with articular discs allow movement in

more than one plane they are “complex” joints

Question 24

true or false: clavicles have medullary cavities

Answer 24

false; clavicles have no medullary cavities

Question 25

true or false: clavicle ossifies in membrane

Answer 25

true

Question 26

when does the clavicle ossify?

Answer 26

5 weeks in utero | 1st bone to ossify, last to fuse

Question 27

how many borders, angles, and processes does the scapula have?

Answer 27

3 borders 3 angles 4 processes

Question 28

the suprascapular notch is for the ____

Answer 28

suprascapular nerve

Question 29

where is the origin of long head of triceps brachii?

Answer 29

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Question 30

supraglenoid tubercle is origin site for

Answer 30

long head of biceps brachii

Question 31

glenoid labrum

Answer 31

fibrocartilaginous glenoid labrum (lip) forms a rim around glenoid fossa which increases fossa depth and hence glenohumeral joint stability

Question 32

spinoglenoid notch

Answer 32

Spinoglenoid notch provides passage for infraspinous branches of suprascapular blood vessels and nerve

Question 33

scapula ossification

Answer 33

Ossifies from 7 or more centres: one for body, two each for coracoid and acromion, one each for vertebral border, inferior angle Distal (terminal) acromial centre may not fuse with remainder of scapula may remain separate as os acromiale

Question 34

scapulo-humeral rhythm

Answer 34

• As a result of the intimate connections between the joints formed by the humerus, scapula, clavicle, and manubrium, these joints tend to work in a concerted fashion to move the upper extremity • The combination of the summed motions of these joints is known as the scapulo humeral rhythm

Question 35

give examples of buttresses

Answer 35

axillary border buttress | spinoglenoid buttress

Question 36

true or false: Major disparity in size between small glenoid fossa articular surface and large humeral head articular surface leads to less mobility of the humeral head within the glenoid fossa

Answer 36

false; major disparity in size leads to enhanced mobility

Question 37

what do joints with articular discs allow for?

Answer 37

movement in more than one plane (complex joints)

Question 38

what separates the medial end of the clavicle from the clavicular notch of the manubrium at the sternoclavicular joint?

Answer 38

articular disc (complex joint)

Question 39

do clavicles have a medullary cavity?

Answer 39

no

Question 40

true or false; clavicles vary more in shape than any other long bone

Answer 40

true

Question 41

true or false; the clavicle is the first to ossify and the last to fuse

Answer 41

true

Question 42

true or false; clavicle ossification occurs in dermal surface

Answer 42

false; clavicle ossification occurs in membrane

Question 43

clavicle ossification

Answer 43

2 primary centres in shaft, 1 secondary centre at sternal end

Question 44

the anterior surface of the scapula is also known as the ____ surface of scapula

Answer 44

costal

Question 45

what ligaments arise from the coracoid process?

Answer 45

coracohumeral ligament and coracoacromial ligament

Question 46

where is the origin site of the long head of biceps brachii?

Answer 46

supraglenoid tubercle

Question 47

spinoglenoid notch

Answer 47

provides passage for infraspinous branches of suprascapular blood vessels and nerve

Question 48

scapular buttress

Answer 48

• Smooth strengthening bar runs close to lateral (axillary) border • Another strengthening bar is at lateral border of scapular spine at medial edge of spinoglenoid notch

Question 49

scapulohumeral rhythm

Answer 49

As a result of the intimate connections between the joints formed by the humerus, scapula, clavicle, and manubrium, these joints tend to work in a concerted fashion to move the upper extremity

Question 50

where is the scapular neck

Answer 50

around glenoid fossa

Question 51

what is complex joint?

Answer 51

when more than 2 articular surface and intraarticular disc

Question 52

what joints are in the shoulder region?

Answer 52

coracoclavicular, scapulothoracic, acromioclavicular, glenohumeral, sternoclavicular

Question 53

sternoclavicular and acromioclavicular joints are ____ joints

Answer 53

diarthrodial complex joints

Question 54

which joints in the shoulder girdle are complex?

Answer 54

acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular

Question 55

what muscles attach to clavicle?

Answer 55

trapezius, pec major, anterior deltoid

Question 56

what is at the angle of the clavicle on the inferior lateral side?

Answer 56

conoid tubercle

Question 57

what two ligaments form the coracoclavicular ligament?

Answer 57

trapezoid ligament and conoid ligament

Question 58

costal impression (tuberosity)

Answer 58

attachment side for costoclavicular ligament which contributes to strength of sternoclavicular joint

Question 59

subclavicular sulcus

Answer 59

protects blood vessels and site of insertion for subclavius

Question 60

clavicle ossification and fusion

Answer 60

first to ossify, last to fuse

Question 61

4 processes of scapula

Answer 61

glenoid, spinous, acromion, coracoid

Question 62

where does the long head of triceps brachii originate?

Answer 62

infraglenoid tubercle

Question 63

what attaches of medial border of scapula?

Answer 63

rhomboids, levator scapula

Question 64

what inserts at superior angle of scapula?

Answer 64

levator scapula

Question 65

what attaches to the coracoid process (anterior)

Answer 65

suprascapular ligament, conoid ligament, trapezoid ligament, origin of biceps short head and coracobrachialis

Question 66

what attaches to the coracoid process (latero posterior view)

Answer 66

coracohumeral ligament and coracoacromial ligament

Question 67

purpose of glenoid labrum

Answer 67

prevents dislocation by adding depth to glenoid fossa

Question 68

where is the apex of scapula?

Answer 68

end of spinous process (medial side) of scapula

Question 69

the spioglenoid notch is on the _____ border of spine

Answer 69

lateral border of spine | lateral borer of spine is a buttress