week 2 assessment Flashcards
what symptoms are unique to crohns disease
weight loss, malabsorption of food, fistulas, strictures
what symptoms are unique to UC
rectal bleeding, anemia, tenesmus (feeling like you gotta poop), toxic megacolon
what is a unique adverse effect of cyclosporine
serum creatinine
what is the thing that is used in all GI diagnostic tests
barium swallow
what are the three complications of vomiting
aspiration
Malloy weiss tear
fluid and electrolyte imbalance
what are some red flag findings that indicate a Gi perforation/peritonitis
- rigid, board like abdomen
- no bowel sounds
- flatus
- fever
- hypovolemic shock (high HR, low BP)
how would vital signs show hypovolemic shock and what GI issue does that indicate
high heart rate and low blood pressure
it indicates peritonitis/perforation
what diagnostic procedure needs to be done for a patient with a GI bleed
endoscopy
what does melena stool indicate
upper GI bleed, usually PUD
what does frank red blood in the stool indicate
lower GI bleed, usually from anal fissures and hemmorhoids
what is steatorea
fatty stools
what is dilation of a vein that is torturous
varices
which vein moves blood from spleen and GI tract to liver
portal vein
whats the diff between pain in the liver vs. pain in the gall bladder
liver: dull ache
gall bladder: intense and acute
what is the range of LOC for hepatic encephalopathy
can range from sleep disturbances to coma
how do you assess for asterixis
hold their arms out with their palms facing you
why would someone with liver issues experience palmar erythema and spider angioma?
too much estrogen (liver makes oestrogen less potent, issues with it will cause excess)
what does caput madusae indicate
varices in the abdomen
which GI issues make you more prone to hepatic encephelopathy
GI bleed and constipation
what is puritis
itching from bile salts on the skin
why would someone feel shoulder pain with gall bladder issues
the phrenic nerve goes from gall bladder (RUQ) to the left shoulder
you experience pain 30 mins after eating a fatty meal, which organ would you suspect?
its the gall bladder!
what is Murphys sign
push on RUQ, if they catch their breath it indicates acute Cholecustitis
which diagnostic is used for the gall bladder and what is its adverse effect
ERCP, can damage the pancreas
what is Cullens sign
bruising around the belly button (pancreas issue)
what is turner’s sign
bruising on the flank (pancreas issue)
what are some medications that can cause dysrhythmias
- chemo
- antiphsychotoics
- antidepressants
what are some things that can cause high BP and high HR
cocane, corticosteroids, NSAIDS
what does an echocardiogram help diagnose
EF
which symptoms of hypoglycemias should you look out for in a patient taking metoprolol
confusion, weakness fatigue
what is the MOA of entresto
blocks enzymes that break down ANP and BNP
what drug class is verapamil
CCB
what drug class is losartan
ARB
