week 12 pharm part 2 (actual drugs) Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two antimetabolites

A

methotrexate
fluorouracil

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2
Q

what are the two antitumout antibiotics

A

doxorubicin
bleomycin

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3
Q

what are the two mitotic inhibitors

A

vincristine
paclitaxel

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4
Q

what is the alkylating agent

A

cyclophosphamide

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5
Q

what is the MOA of cyclophosphamide

A

it causes alkylation of DNA which destroys DNA in cancer cells and prevents them from being able to repair themselves

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6
Q

which phase does cyclophosphamide act on

A

any phase of the cell cycle

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7
Q

what is a unique adverse effect of cyclophosphamide

A

may cause bladder injury

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8
Q

what is the MOA of methotrexate

A

it inhibits folic acid which is required for DNA and RNA synthesis

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9
Q

which phase of the cell cycle does methotrexate act on

A

S phase

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10
Q

what is a unique adverse effect of methotrexate

A

pulmonary fibrosis

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11
Q

what is leucovorin rescue

A

its a drug used to enhance the effects of methotrexate while reducing harm to normal cells.
can also be adjunct with fluorouracil

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12
Q

what enzyme does fluorouracil inhibit

A

thymidylate syntehtase

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13
Q

which type of tumours do fluorouracil treat

A

solid tumours (with surgery and radiation as well)

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14
Q

what phase of the cell cycle does fluorouracil act on

A

s phase

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15
Q

between doxorubin and bleomycin, which drug will injure the lungs and which may injure bone marrow and heart

A

doxorubin: myelosuppression and heart damage

bleomycin: lung injury

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16
Q

how do the anti tumour antibiotics work

A

they injure cells with direct interaction with DNA, slips through DNA, binds to it and destroys it all together

17
Q

which phase of the cell cycle does doxorubin act on

A

cell cycle phase non specific

18
Q

which phase of the cell cycle does bleomycin act on

A

G2

19
Q

what is the MOA of vincristine

A

it binds to tubular and disrupts mitosis (stops cells from splitting)

20
Q

which cytotoxic drug is a known vesicant

A

vincristine

21
Q

which phase of the cell cycle does vincristine act on

A

M phase

22
Q

which phase of the cell cycle does paclitaxel act on

A

late G2 and M phase

23
Q

what are some unique adverse effects of paclitaxel

A

cardiotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy

24
Q

whats the main difference between antiestrogens and aromatase inhibitors

A

antiestrogens: blocks estrogen receptors, used for younger women

aromatase inhibitors: blocks enzyme that makes estrogen, better for post menopausal women

25
Q

which phase of the cell cycle will antimetabolites act on

A

S (because they stop DNA synthesis)

26
Q

which is the only drug that acts on G2 phase

A

Belomycin

27
Q

what are the 2 cell cycle non specific drugs

A

cyclophosphamide and doxorubicin

28
Q

which drugs inhibit M phase

A

mitotic inhibitors like vincristine and paclitaxel

29
Q

which is the only drug that inhibits G2 and M phase

A

paclitaxel

30
Q

which cardiotoxic drugs are derived from plants

A

both mitotic inhibitors

31
Q

which cardiotoxic drug is derived from periwinkle

A

vincristine

32
Q

which cardiotoxic drug is derived from taxus plants (yews)

A

paclitaxel

33
Q

whats urticaria and which drug may cause it

A

anaphylactic symptoms such as hypotension, dyspnea, angioedema and hives

comes from paclitaxel