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1st Term / PHA115 > Week 15 / Anatomy 2 > Flashcards

Week 15 / Anatomy 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Q: What is the anatomical position of the body?

A

A: The body is upright, standing erect, facing the observer, with the head and eyes facing forward.

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2
Q

Q: In the anatomical position, what is the position of the limbs and feet?

A

A: The feet are flat on the floor and facing forward, and the upper limbs are at the sides with the palms turned forward.

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3
Q

Q: What is the anatomical position of the body?

A

A: The body is upright, with the head and eyes facing forward, and the feet flat on the floor and facing forward. The upper limbs are at the sides with palms turned forward.

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4
Q

Q: What is the supine position?

A

A: The body is lying face up.

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5
Q

Q: What is the prone position?

A

A: The body is lying face down.

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6
Q

Q: What does the head region consist of?

A

A: The skull and face.

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7
Q

Q: What does the neck region do?

A

A: It supports the head and attaches to the trunk.

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8
Q

Q: What are the components of the trunk region?

A

A: The chest, abdomen, and pelvis.

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9
Q

Q: What does the upper limb region consist of?

A

A: It attaches to the trunk and includes the shoulder, armpit, and arm.

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10
Q

Q: What does the lower limb region consist of?

A

A: It attaches to the trunk and includes the buttock, thigh, leg, ankle, and foot.

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11
Q

Q: What are the meanings of “anterior” and “posterior”?

A

A:
Anterior means “front.”

Posterior means “back.”

These terms describe the position of one body part relative to another.

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12
Q

Q: Provide an example using “anterior” and “posterior.”

A

A: The esophagus is posterior to the trachea.

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13
Q

Q: What do the terms “superior” and “inferior” mean?

A

A:
Superior means “above” or “toward the head.”

Inferior means “below” or “toward the feet.”

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14
Q

Q: Provide an example using “superior” and “inferior.”

A

A: The knee is superior to the ankle.

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15
Q

Q: What does “anterior” mean in directional terms?

A

A: “Anterior” means nearer to the front of the body.

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16
Q

Q: What does “posterior” mean in directional terms?

A

A: “Posterior” means nearer to the back of the body.

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17
Q

Q: What does “superior” mean in directional terms?

A

A: “Superior” means toward the head.

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18
Q

Q: What does “inferior” mean in directional terms?

A

A: “Inferior” means away from the head.

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19
Q

Q: What does “proximal” mean in directional terms?

A

A: “Proximal” means nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk.

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20
Q

Q: What does “distal” mean in directional terms?

A

A: “Distal” means farther from the attachment of a limb to the trunk.

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21
Q

Q: What does “lateral” mean in directional terms?

A

A: “Lateral” means farther from the midline.

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22
Q

Q: What does “medial” mean in directional terms?

A

A: “Medial” means nearer to the midline.

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23
Q

Q: What is the sagittal plane?

A

A: The sagittal plane is a vertical plane that divides the body into right and left sides.

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24
Q

Q: What does the midsagittal plane do?

A

A: The midsagittal plane divides the body into equal right and left sides.

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25
Q

Q: What does the parasagittal plane do?

A

A: The parasagittal plane divides the body into unequal right and left sides.

26
Q

Q: What does the frontal or coronal plane do?

A

A: It divides the body or an organ into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.

27
Q

Q: What does the transverse plane do?

A

A: It divides the body or an organ into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.

28
Q

Q: What is the oblique plane also called?

A

A: The oblique plane is also called the cross-sectional or horizontal plane.

29
Q

Q: What does the oblique plane do?

A

A: The oblique plane passes through the body or an organ at an angle, typically between the transverse and sagittal planes or between the transverse and frontal planes.

30
Q

Q: What are sections in anatomical terms?

A

A: Sections refer to cuts of the body made along a plane.

31
Q

Q: What do the cranial and vertebral cavities contain?

A

A:
Cranial cavity: Contains the brain.

Vertebral cavity: Contains the spinal cord

32
Q

Q: What are the components of the thoracic cavity?

A

A: The thoracic cavity includes:

Pleural cavity: Surrounds the lungs.

Pericardial cavity: Surrounds the heart.

Mediastinal cavity: The region
between the lungs, containing the heart, great vessels, and other structures.

33
Q

Q: What does the abdominopelvic cavity consist of?

A

A:
Abdominal cavity: Larger, contains most of the abdominopelvic organs and is subdivided into 9 regions or 4 quadrants.

Pelvic cavity: Smaller and more inferior, contains the urinary bladder, lowest portions of the digestive tract, and internal reproductive organs.

34
Q

Q: What is the function of serous membranes?

A

A: Serous membranes protect organs and reduce friction in the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.

35
Q

Q: What are the two layers of serous membranes?

A

A:
Visceral layer: Covers the organs.

Parietal layer: Lines the cavity.

36
Q

Q: What are the names of the three main serous membranes?

A

A:

Pleural membrane: Covers the lungs and lines the thorax.

Pericardial membrane: Covers the heart and lines the central part of the thorax.

Peritoneal membrane: Covers organs and lines the abdominopelvic cavity.

37
Q

What are cavities ?

A

Spaces within the body that help protect, separate, and support internal organs

38
Q

What are the types of cavities?

A

– Cranial cavity
– Thoracic cavity
– Abdominopelvic cavity

39
Q

Q: What is the cranial cavity and its function?

A

A: The cranial cavity is formed by the cranial bones and protects the brain.

40
Q

Q: What does the vertebral canal contain and how is it formed?

A

A: The vertebral canal is formed by the bones of the vertebral column and contains the spinal cord.

41
Q

Q: What are meninges?

A

A: Meninges are layers of protective tissue that line the cranial cavity and vertebral canal.

42
Q

Q: What is the thoracic cavity also called?

A

A: The thoracic cavity is also called the chest cavity.

43
Q

Q: What structures form the thoracic cavity?

A

A: The thoracic cavity is formed by the ribs, muscles of the chest, sternum (breastbone), and the thoracic portion of the vertebral column.

44
Q

Q: What is the pericardial cavity and what does it surround?

A

A: The pericardial cavity is a fluid-filled space that surrounds the heart.

45
Q

Q: What is the pleural cavity and what does it surround?

A

A: The pleural cavity consists of two fluid-filled spaces, each surrounding one lung.

46
Q

Q: What is the abdominopelvic cavity and its boundaries?

A

A: The abdominopelvic cavity extends from the diaphragm to the groin and is encircled by the abdominal wall and the bones and muscles of the pelvis.

47
Q

Q: What organs are found in the abdominal cavity?

A

A: The abdominal cavity contains the stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, and small and large intestines.

48
Q

Q: What organs are found in the pelvic cavity?

A

A: The pelvic cavity contains the urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs, and portions of the large intestine.

49
Q

Q: What is a serous membrane and where is it located?

A

A: A serous membrane is a thin, slippery membrane that covers the viscera within body cavities.

50
Q

Q: What are the two layers of a serous membrane?

A

A:
Parietal layer: Lines the wall of the cavities.

Visceral layer: Covers the viscera within the cavities.

51
Q

Q: What is the pleura?

A

A: The pleura is the serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity.

52
Q

Q: What is the pleura and its parts?

A

A: The pleura is the serous membrane of the pleural cavities.

Visceral pleura clings to the surface of the lungs.
Parietal pleura lines the chest wall.

53
Q

Q: What is the pericardium and its parts?

A

A: The pericardium is the serous membrane of the pericardial cavity.

Visceral pericardium covers the heart.
Parietal pericardium lines the chest wall.

54
Q

Q: What is the peritoneum and its parts?

A

A: The peritoneum is the serous membrane of the abdominal cavity.

Visceral peritoneum covers the abdominal organs.
Parietal peritoneum lines the abdominal wall.

55
Q

Q: What does the oral cavity contain?
A: The oral cavity contains the tongue and teeth.

A

A: The oral cavity contains the tongue and teeth.

56
Q

Q: What does the nasal cavity contain?

A

A: The nasal cavity contains the nose.

57
Q

Q: What do the orbital cavities contain?

A

A: The orbital cavities contain the eyeballs.

58
Q

Q: What do the middle ear cavities contain?

A

A: The middle ear cavities contain the small bones of the middle ear.

59
Q

Q: What do synovial cavities contain?

A

A: Synovial cavities contain the joints.

60
Q

OPEN THE POWERPOINT FOR QUADRANTS AND WHAT NOT

A

OPEN THE POWERPOINT FOR QUADRANTS AND WHAT NOT

1st Term / PHA115 (35 decks)

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