Week 13 Flashcards
A lot of things we fear have an
Evolutionary significance
Snacks, lizards spiders.
What we cannot control.
More likely die in a car crash,
We fear immediate. Not long term consequences.
And as is most available in memory. And taught to fear.
Agoraphobia
Fear of the marketplace
Far anxiety or 2 or more Public transit Open space, Standing in line, enclosed space Outside of home alone.
Linked to panic attacks. Avoidance learning. .
Avoids theses situations and they provoke fear or anx.
Persistent over time,
Mostly prevalent in women,
Lifetime 2%
Heritable ten dancers overreact anxiety.
Panic attack, panic disorder. Agora see diagram.
Fear of loss of control in public situation,
Related to panic symptoms.
Strictly speKing not a phobia.
Types of phobias.
Know the list I guesswork
Decide phobia,
Papophobia
Prevalence, of phobias, socially particulary common,
Others also common,
Some debilitating,
Realize ar is excessive and stupid.
Majority never seek treatment.
Case nancy,
Chance involved, incidental learning, is generalized and phobia is
born .
New learning is prevented, behaviour involves avoidance learning which is negatively reinforced, powerful, difficult to change behaviour! So that how the behaviour is maintained. Logic is relative.
Traumatic avoidance learning.
Shuttle box.
Grid floor, dogs shot.
Still terrified.
To unlearn, easiest way is a tranquilizer.
We use exposure, reinforcing itself.
In terms of trauma,
To self or others not too high for phobics.
Highest category does not remember.
condition explanation does not explain everything.
Critical periods and selective association,
Selective associations, !
More prone to learn to be afraid of certain things.
Eg monkeys
Don’t need exp just need observation,
Snake vs flower, selective,
Trait difference too.
Highly anxious neurotic, at risk two develop phobias.
Heritability?
35-40%
Dealing with anxiety most likely,
Easier to condition to evolutionary stimuli. Than neutrals shown in twin study,
Another study shows area of brain associated with fear and pain that lights up when fear stimuli are presented. A in this maze study when monsters jump out of no where,
Psychoanalytic explanation of phobias. Little hand
Fixations at Oedipal level.
Projected fear,
Castration anxiety, horses biting off willy.
Bogus, see model of phobias slide.
To treat phobias use
Exposure. (Not necessarily implosion)
Instead use, reciprocal inhibition, countered dictionary, systematic desensitization
Relax mediatitd, able to deal with each of those phases.
85% improve.
Progressive, as patient havituates. Now you can use virtual reality glasses!
Solves the fact that field exposure may not be so good.
Advantages of vr
Augments imaginative capacities.
Use with dementia who cannot go out! Virtual reality
Conversion and dissociativef disorders.
Used to be called hysteria.
Now 2 seperate.
Conversion
Looks like its neurologic and acts like it but is NOT
PHsyxhological.
Dsm definition,
Altered functions. Incompatibility between symptom and neurologic condition,
Cannot prove null hypothesis.
So this diagnosis is ripe for error.
Longitudinal studies show this, physical conditions should have been found in first pace.
Saw ex. Seizures,
Symptoms of conversion disorders.
Anesthesia.
Does not compnform with nerve structure.
Glove. Whole hand anesthesia. (Not paralysis)
Sensory symptoms.
Motor basically the same.
Dissociative disorders.
Amnesia,
De personalized
Dissociative identity disorder.
Dissociative amnesia
Cannot ecall (traumatic) autobiographical material,
With or without Dissociative fugue (means flight)
End up in different city
De realization disorder
Half have had them in life. Unreality, being observer of self.
Surroundings unreal.
Persist at.
Causes significan t distress. feelings scz often have, but reality tests show youi are there.
Mis attribute hand foot leg if right parietal lobe.
Monks mediatitd allow de personalized response.
