Week 11 Flashcards
Dynamic vs behaviour method, compare
See chart in slides.
Behavioural models
All from conditioning theory q
Classical Pavlov dogs, salivate.
operant,
Exposure idea, not 1:1
Watson, little Algert
Basic model, fear love hate.
All phobias develop through chance association.
Not true. Never actually experience negative experience.
Some experience negative and do not get phobia too.
Presently more sophisticated models of phobias exist.
Operant cond.
thorndike
Cat puzzle box.
THE XKINNE BOX.
positive reinforcement,
For more use, approach oriented!
Response followed by reinforcement,
Not like classical
Stimulus contingent on a response diagram. Review.
Graph 1964
Kids were all over the place.
Token system
Rewarded for positive behaviour.
Positive reinforcement.
Showed could control behaviour of raging kid.
Aside about mice and art.
Tantrum, extinction, not a good tool.
Hard to using completly
Often relapse.
Factors effecting strength of reinforcer.
Motivational state.
Deprivation: issue in psych where humans not as easy to deprive.
Think basic, hunger thirst sex. More imp. SOCAIL CONTACT. touch maternal touch esp. Young infants. Know chemicals.
Delay of reinforcement.
Impulsivity, learn to respond to, leads to addiction perhaps.
Amount,
Flooded ward with magazines. Scarcity then creates want.
Descrimination
Generalization,
Schedules.
Social rejection, brain area for pain lights up.
Delay of reinforcement.
Fixed vs variable ration schedule of reinforcement
Variable of 10 min, means mean is ten.
Variable rate is highly resistant to extinction
Most of socail learning is negative reinforcement! Variable learning!
Get new behavior shaping. Lie in personality.
Successive approximations.
Modeling,
Factors: who, what does, what happens.
Teach new behaviours, disinhibition behaviours.
Peer pressure, group conformity.
Radical
Often learn without consciously experience something.
Seems chance.
Not child mother correlation of fears!
Cbt
Doesn’t matter what happens to you. It’s what you think about that matters to you.
Phenomenological ish.
Thoughts feeling behaviour interactive.
Situation consequence mediated by
Thoughts!
Positive self talk, internal external. Rationalizationa.
Used fail ram eg.
But can lead to vicious circle. Self fulfilling prophecy.
Bad, worse, to downright abismal.
Two different stories at same time. Test.
Neutral stories. Aggressive stories. In conditions.
Depressed people hear crap in non dominant ear. CANNOT STAY FOCUSED on dominant ear.
Thereby it maintains depression,
Gender stress and health.
Are women sicker than men?
Women receive 70% of drugs mess
1/3
Not sicker according to death rates though. Women do much better.
At birth more males are born.
After 1 year, more camel babies alive.
5:1 for people over 100 female to male.
Estrogen protects heart.
Lifestyle probably accounts for all of this.
Males homocide, suicide 4:1 and 2:1
Lung cancer more causes of death than breast cancer. More female species live longer. Testosterone not good for long term survival.
Castrated males live 15 years longer. Ahhh dopamine agonist increase testosterone, lol.
Could also be workload. More children more work.
Unemployed women have
Greater stress, unhappiness and psych problems.
Explainable by social status,
Quit smoking gain average of 13 pounds a yer. Lose self control I wonder? Turn to food for oral sensation. Ohh so many possibilities. Interesting, higher social status better immune syste, .
Inflammation high for lower dominance rank in animals. Interesting.
What is stressful to women,
Marital conflict. Most imp to women,
Not living alone, or working,
Women continual stress, but. Ales shutdown, on average!
Karen, advancing ideas on cardiovascular disease.
Literary review.
Leading cause of death. Stem from complications of heart and circulTion. CBD and chd, atherosclerosis.
Type A behaviour connection to CBD.
Feedback mechanism to control environment. Hostility and
Modern approaches
Cardiovascular distress.
Work stress rela. To CBD
Genetic and enviro.
Life span approach.
Play could happen in adolescence.
Negative and challenging circumstances links d to inflammation and higher possibility of CBD, as well as low ses.
Fair conditioning and avoidant behaviour
Pavlovian component, not instrumental.
Reduction or outcome omission.
Fear conditioning.
Avoidant tendencies due to Pavlovian
Resistant to change.
Extinction.
Does help, change lighting, change context.
Fast to approach Cs-
Suggs automatic tendency.
Reemergence of fear concept.
Early life exposure stress impair cognition
Developmental psychopathology.
How this title is true.
Evolutionary developmental model! Behaviours adopted to context.
Objectives, early stress efct on cognition.
Large individual differences. Type , timing, amount etc. all contribute to severity.
Damage specialized.
Brain, or perception. One, the othe or both. Models.
Emotion perception. Children specific to anger, not for fear. A used are faster. More severe are faster. Suggests specialized systems. Perception.
Hyper attention to threat in children a used, memory, threat specific. Modulated by orence of mother.
Learning and memory, level of care and dange leRning. Adaptation. Faster danger learn. Also shown in. Infants.
Reasoning.
Ag used, better detection leRning,
Trauma dissociation model.
Self understanding disorder. Multiple personalities.
Trauma model. Early
Fantasy model
Socail cognitive model.
Debunking dale burg.
Fm model, lacks time component.
8 Prediction
Distinguish between dissociative continuum and pharmacology.
Trauma strong idea, selective in eval of literature.
Stress is adaptive,
Too much too little, … not good.
Nonspecific response to an insult. Stress. Idea of this prof mentioned.
He shows us. Stress can be damaging. Stress -> physical SEE DIAGRAM.
We will focus on stress effecting disease status, but before. Notes
On stress being big fat word and need to cope with it.
Individuality in stress quite unknown,
Stress innoculation study. With monkeys.
Quick to explore, explored more, if inoculated. Deal with something new. Suggestive of overprotective parents leading to less able to cope with stress.
Think plan and do for all kids, unrealistic.
Measuring stress
Life stress scale.
Holmes and Ray.
Any change was considered stress. Made onto point scale.
Problems.
Nature of events do not apply to everyone, mostly Middle Ages.
Also doesn’t ask about how person reacts to the event, or how event impacts health.
Boredom is also stressful. This scale only focus on change,
It is one of the first scales.
Up lifts vs hassles. BUFFERS FOR STRESS.
Up lifts for women are as negative as hassles.
Also not 100% coverage.
Mediators of stress
Social sit, **
Self efficacy and
Coping mechanism.
