Week 11 - Body Composition in Health & Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is the lowest body fat % for a male before compromising FFM

A

3%

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2
Q

What is the lowest body fat % for a female before compromising FFM

A

12%

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3
Q

What can happen in relation to brain + nerves by being underweight

A

Issues w/ thinking

Fainting

Mood

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4
Q

What can happen in relation to heart by being underweight

A

Low bp

Slow HR

Failure

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5
Q

What can happen in relation to blood by being underweight

A

Anaemia

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6
Q

What can happen in relation to hair by being underweight

A

Thin

Brittle

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7
Q

What can happen in relation to muscle + joints by being underweight

A

Weak

Osteoporosis

Fractures

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8
Q

What can happen in relation to kidneys by being underweight

A

Stones

Failure

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9
Q

What can happen in relation to body fluids by being underweight

A

Low K+

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10
Q

What can happen in relation to intestines by being underweight

A

Constipation

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11
Q

What is the female athlete triad

A

Interrelationship of menstrual dysfunction, low energy availability (w. or w.out eating disorder), + ⬇️ bone mineral density.

Common among young women participating in sports.

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12
Q

What are the 3 areas of the female athlete triad

A

Top = Abnormal eating pattens + excessive exercising

Bottom right = Amenorrhea

Bottom left = Premature osteoporosis

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13
Q

Risk factors for the female athlete triad

A

Sports emphasising body size/appearance

Pressure to lose weight to improve perf.

Competitive personality traits

Training when injured, sick or exhausted

Experiencing a traumatic event

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14
Q

What is amenorrhea?

What % of women does it happen to?

A

Complete cessation of menstrual period.

W/it comes elevated ghrelin hormone + ⬇️ LH, FSH + leptin.

2-5% of women

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15
Q

What % of the F athletic group does athletic amenorrhea happen?

A

40%

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16
Q

What is Oligomenorrhea

A

Irregular menstrual cycles

Less than 35 days.

4-9 periods/year

17
Q

What do both amenorrhea + oligomenorrhoea do?

A

⬆️ risk of bone loss + musculoskeletal injury in premenopausal women

18
Q

What is diabetes mellitus?

A

Disruption of normal glucose metabolism

19
Q

What happens in type 1 diabetes?

A

Pancreas prod. little or no insulin

20
Q

What happens in type 2 diabetes?

A

Pancreas doesn’t prod enough insulin, cells are resistance to insulin.