Anatomical Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Superior
A
Toward the head or the upper part of a structure
2
Q
Inferior
A
Away from the head or lower part of a structure
3
Q
Medial
A
Nearer to the midline
4
Q
Lateral
A
Farther from the midline
5
Q
Intermediate
A
Between 2 structures
6
Q
Ipsilateral
A
On the same side of the body as another structure
7
Q
Contralateral
A
On the opposite side of the body from another structure
8
Q
Proximal
A
Nearer to the attachment of a limb to the trunk
Nearer the origination of a structure
9
Q
Distal
A
Father from the attachment of a limb to the trunk
Father from the origination of a structure
10
Q
Superficial
A
Toward or on the surface of the body
11
Q
Prone position
A
Body lying face down
12
Q
Supine position
A
Body lying face up
13
Q
Cephalic
A
Head
14
Q
What can be found within the cephalic region
A
Cranium
Face
15
Q
orbital or ocular
A
Related to the eye
16
Q
Brachial
A
Arm
17
Q
Carpal
A
Wrist
18
Q
Palmar or volar
A
Palm
19
Q
Femoral
A
Thigh
20
Q
Crural
A
leg
21
Q
Pedal
A
Foot
22
Q
Tarsal
A
Ankle
23
Q
Hallux
A
Great toe
24
Q
Inguinal
A
Groin
25
Occipital
Base of skull
26
Scapular
Shoulder blade
27
Sacral
Between hips
28
Popliteal
Hollow behind knee
29
Sural
Calf
30
Plantar
Foot sole
31
Lumbar
Loin
32
Dorsal
back
33
Calcaneal
heel
34
What are the major cavities of the trunk?
Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities
35
List the cavities from head to pelvis
Cranial
Vertebral
(Then w/in the thoracic):
Pleural
Pericardial
Mediastinum
(Then w/in the abdominopelvic):
Abdominal
Pelvic
36
Thoracic cavity
Chest cavity
Contains:
- Pleural + pericardial cavities
- Mediastinum
37
Pleural cavity
Pot. space between layers of the pleura that surround a lung
38
Pericardial cavity
Pot. space between the layers of the pericardium that surround the heart
39
Mediastinum
Central portion of thoracic cavity between lungs; extends from sternum to vertebral column + from 1st rib to diaphragm.
Contains:
- Heart
- Thymus
- Oesophagus
- Trachea
- Several large bv.
40
Abdominal cavity
Contains:
- Stomach
- Spleen
- Liver
- Gallbladder
- Small intestine
- Most of the large intestine
41
Pelvic cavity
Contains:
- Urinary bladder
- Portions of large intestine
- Internal organs of reprod.
42
What does the 9 region designation system include when used for anatomical studies?
1-->9 (right to left)
1. Right hypochondriac region
2. Epigastric region
3. Left hypochondriac region
4. Right lumbar region
5. Umbilical region
6. Left lumbar region
7. Right inguinal region
8. Hypogastric region
9. Left inguinal region
43
How is the 9 region designation system split up?
Column lines = Right + left midclavicular lines
Row lines = Subcostal line and then transtubercular line
44
Rectus
Parallel to midline
45
Transverse
Perpendicular to midline
46
Oblique
Diagonal to midline
47
Longus
| Rel. size of muscle
Long
48
Brevis
| Rel. size of muscle
Short
49
Latissimus
| Rel. size of muscle
Widest
50
Longissimus
| Rel. size of muscle
Longest
51
Magnus
| Rel. size of muscle
Large
52
Major
| Rel. size of muscle
Larger
53
Minor
| Rel. size of muscle
Smaller
54
Vastus
| Rel. size of muscle
Huge
55
Deltoid
| Rel. shape of muscle
Triangular
56
Trapezius
| Rel. shape of muscle
Trapezoid
57
Serratus
| Rel. shape of muscle
Saw-toothed
58
Rhomboid
| Rel. shape of muscle
Diamond shaped
59
Orbicularis
| Rel. shape of muscle
Circular
60
Pectinate
| Rel. shape of muscle
Comblike
61
Piriformis
| Rel. shape of muscle
Pear-shaped
62
Platys
| Rel. shape of muscle
Flat
63
Quadratus
| Rel. shape of muscle
Square
4 sided
64
Gracilis
| Rel. shape of muscle
Slender
65
PRINCIPLE ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
Decreases joint angle
Flexor
66
PRINCIPLE ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
Increases joint angle
Extensor
67
PRINCIPLE ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
Raises or elevates a body part
Levator
68
PRINCIPLE ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
Lowers or depresses body part
Depressor
69
PRINCIPLE ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
Turns palm anteriorly
Supinator
70
PRINCIPLE ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
Turns palm posteriorly
Pronator
71
PRINCIPLE ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
Decreases size of an opening
Sphincter
72
PRINCIPLE ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
Makes body part rigid
Tensor
73
PRINCIPLE ACTION OF THE MUSCLE
Rotates bone around longitudinal axis
Rotator
74
Define fissure
Narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones through which bv or nerves pass
75
Define foramen
Opening through which bv, nerves or ligaments pass
76
Define fossa
Shallow depression
77
Define sulcus
Furrow along bone surface that accommodates bv, nerve or tendon.
78
Define meatus
Tubelike opening
79
Define condyle
Large, round protuberance w/ a smooth articular surface at end of bone.
80
Define facet
Smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface.
81
Define crest
Prominent ridge
82
Define epicondyle
Roughened projection above condyle
83
Define spinous process
Sharp, slender projection.
84
Define trochanter
Very large projection
85
Define tubercle
Rounded projection
86
Define tuberosity
Rough, bumpy surface projection.
