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Human Anatomy & Kinanthropometry > Week 10 - Intro to Body Composition > Flashcards

Week 10 - Intro to Body Composition Flashcards

1
Q

What comes under the basic model 2-C

A

FM

FFM

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2
Q

Location for bicep SKF

A

Point on anterior surface of arm, level of mid-acromiale-radiale landmark in middle of muscle belly.

Arm in mid-prone position w/ thumb pointing forwards.

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3
Q

Location for abdominal SKF

A

5cm lateral to umbilicus.

Standing on a relaxed position.

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4
Q

Assumptions of the 2C model

A

Density of FM = 0.9 g/ml

Density of FFM = 1.1 g/ml

FM + FFM densities are the same for all ind.

Densities of various components of FFM are constant w/in ind

Ind being measured differs from a reference body in only amount of fat.

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5
Q

List the different levels of body composition in order of increasing organisational complexity

A

Atomic

Molecular

Cellular

Tissue

Whole body

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6
Q

TYPICAL BODY COMPOSITION

Muscle in F + M

A

F = 36%

M = 45%

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7
Q

Body fat % for females of average population of 50 yrs +

A

16-25%

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8
Q

Location for Tricep SKF

A

Point on posterior surface of arm in midline at level of mid-acromiale-radiale landmark.

Arm in mid-prone position w/ thumb pointing forwards.

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9
Q

Location for medial calf SKF

A

Point on most medial aspect of calf at level of max girth.

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10
Q

Location for subscapular SKF

A

2cm from undermost tip of inferior angle of scapula along line running 45 degrees.

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11
Q

What fold type is there at the iliac crest

A

Near horizontal

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12
Q

Describe a gynoid body shape

A

Excess fat mainly on lower body

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13
Q

Location for proximal calf SKF

A

Posterior aspect of calf in mid-sagittal plane 5cm inferior to fossa poplitea.

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14
Q

TYPICAL BODY COMPOSITION

Nonessential fat in F + M

A

F = 15%

M = 12%

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15
Q

How is FFM calculated

A

Total weight - Fat mass

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16
Q

What is Kinanthropometry

A

Area of science concerned w/ the measurement of human body composition.

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17
Q

Body fat % for females of average population from ages 30-50

A

15-23%

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18
Q

Describe an android body shape

A

Excess body fat on upper body + trunk.

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19
Q

How is the FFM index calculated (FFMI)

A

FFM (kg) / (height (m)^2)

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20
Q

Location for iliac crest SKF

A

Most superior aspect of iliac crest at mid-axillary line.

Fold right arm across chest.

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21
Q

TYPICAL BODY COMPOSITION

Other in F + M

A

Both 25%

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22
Q

Body fat % + classifications

Provide F + M for an overweight rating

A

F = 31-36%

M = 21-24%

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23
Q

What do the fat depots of non-essential/storage fat include?

A

Adipose tissue

Visceral fatty tissues

== both subcutaneous fat

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24
Q

Body fat % + classifications

Provide F + M for an obese rating

A

F = >37%

M = >24 %

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25
SKF types for: Proximal calf Forearm (lateralis) Forearm 2 (Volaris)
Vertical
26
BMI classification for obese class II
35-39.9
27
What is body composition
Relative prop. of FFM, FM, protein, water + mineral components in the body.
28
Method for taking SKF
1. Record subjects age, stretched height, weight + gender. 2. Using measuring tape, mark skin fold sites on RIGHT side of body. 3. Ensure muscles relaxed. 4. Using thumb + forefinger, grasp tissue at marked site so that double layer of subcutaneous fat + skin is obtained. 5. Hold calliper perpendicular to subjects body, measure thickness of centre of fold 1cm away from edge of thumb + forefinger. 6. Release pressure of fingers from skin fold but don't release fingers touch from subjects skin. 7. Place calliper 1cm below marking 8. Let calliper measure site for no more than 2 sec + record reading. 9. Measure each site 1 time through + repeat once more for min of 10% variation.
29
What are the sites for collecting SKF
Bicep Tricep Subscapular Abdominal Iliac crest Supraspinale Front thigh Medial calf
30
Body fat % for females of average population up to the age of 30
14-21%
31
Body fat % + classifications Provide F + M for an acceptable rating
F = 24-30% M = 15-20%
32
What fold type is there at the front thigh
Vertical
33
What fold type is there at the tricep
Vertical
34
TYPICAL BODY COMPOSITION Bone in F + M
F = 12% M = 15%
35
BMI classification for Overweight
25-29.9
36
What fold type is there at the abdominal
Vertical
37
What fold type is there at the supraspinale
Diagonal
38
Location for front thigh SKF
Anterior thigh 1/2 distance between inguinal fold + superior patellar border.
39
BMI classification for normal weight
18.5-24.9
40
Location for supraspinale SKF
Above iliac crest on anterior axillary line. Arm in mid-prone position
41
What must you not do when taking SKF
Incorporate underlying muscle tissue
42
What fold type is there at the bicep
vertical
43
What are the 3 sites req for skeletal mass estimates
Proximal calf Forearm (lateralis) Forearm 2 (Volaris)
44
What are the 2 body shapes according to fat distribution?
Android (apple-shaped) Gynoid (pear-shaped)
45
What are the common anatomic sites for subcutaneous fat
Triceps Subscapula Iliac crest Mid abdomen Upper thigh
46
BMI classification for obese class III
>40
47
Body fat % for males of average population between 30-50 yrs
11-17%
48
How is FFM calculated
Weight (kg) x ( 1- (body fat % / 100))
49
Where should the centre of fold be in taking SKF?
1/2 the distance between peak of skin fold + base of skin fold.
50
Body fat % + classifications Provide F + M for an athletic rating
F = 8-15% M = 5-10%
51
Which of the 2 body shapes is more associated w/ greater disease risk
Android body
52
Body fat % for males of average population for 50yrs +
12-19%
53
What fold type is there at the medial calf
Vertical
54
When taking SKF, what size should the fold be?
Sufficient enough to ensure 2 folds are parallel
55
Location for forearm 2 (volaris) SKF
Taken at level of max. forearm girth taken on anterior aspect of forearm w/ hand supinated.
56
Why is body composition important
Estimate healthy body composition of the public Estimate competitive composition for athletes Monitoring growth + development ID pop at risk due to under or over fatness Assessing changes associated w/ ageing, malnutrition + certain diseases Formulating + examining the effectiveness of nutrition + exercise interventions.
57
Essential fat
Req. for normal physiological functioning Fat stored in major organs, muscle + CNS Important for childbearing + hormone-related functions Extreme diet/exercise cond. can reduce essential fat stores to critical levels.
58
TYPICAL BODY COMPOSITION Essential Fat in F + M
F = 12% M = 3%
59
Location for forearm (lateralis) SKF
Taken at level of max. Forearm girth on lateral aspect of forearm w/ hand supinated.
60
Body fat % + classifications Provide F + M for a good rating
F = 16-23% M = 11-14%
61
BMI classification for underweight
<18.5
62
BMI classification for obese class I
30-34.9
63
Where can the fat depots be found in men?
Subcutaneous Intermuscular Intramuscular Abdominal + thoracic cavity
64
Body fat % for males of average population up to the age of 30
9-15%
65
What % of 12% non-essential fat in F is called sex-specific reserve storage fat + where is it found?
5-9% Contained in breast + genital regions, lower body subcutaneous fat + intramuscular depots.
66
How do you calculate BMI
Weight (kg) / Height (m)^2
67
What fold type is there at the sub scapular
diagonal
68
Medial calf SKF What position?
In relaxed standing position w/ right foot on box + knee bent at 90.
69
Subscapular SKF What position?
Arm in mid-prone position, w/ thumb pointing forwards
70
Thigh SKF What position?
Seated w/ right leg extended + hamstring supported w/ arms.

Human Anatomy & Kinanthropometry (27 decks)

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