Qs - Skeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

In the final stage of endochondral ossification, the epiphyseal growth plate is formed from what type of cartilage?

A

Hyaline

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2
Q

What are the stages of intramembranous ossification?

A
  1. Formation of an ossification centre
  2. Calcification of the osteoid matrix
  3. Formation of trabeculae
  4. Development of the periosteum
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3
Q

Which of the following features are found towards the distal end of the humerus?

  • Greater tubercle
  • Capitulum
  • Surgical neck
  • Medial epicondyle
  • Olecranon fossa
A

Capitulum

Medial epicondyle

Olecranon fossa

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4
Q

What type of cartilage is the epiglottis?

A

Elastic

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5
Q

What type of fracture occurs when 1 bone is forcefully driven into another, affecting both ends of the bone?

A

Impacted

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6
Q

What type of joint is the superior radioulnar joint?

A

Pivot

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7
Q

Which normal curvatures of the spine are considered to be secondary curves that develop after birth?

A

Cervical + lumbar

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8
Q

Which of the following features can be found in both cortical + spongy bone?

  • Trabeculae
  • Osteons
  • Lamellae
  • Canaliculi
A

Canaliculi

Lamellae

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9
Q

What is the function of amphiarthroses?

A

Allows a small degree of movement

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10
Q

What bone feature is best described as a small pit or depression that provides attachment for muscles + ligaments

A

Fovea

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11
Q

What is the name of the opening within the vertebrae that allows the passage of the spinal cord + meninges?

A

Vertebral canal

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12
Q

What hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland to regulate the levels of Ca2+ in the blood + opposes the effects of parathyroid hormone by reducing stochastic activity in bone?

A

Calcitonin

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13
Q

Which region of a long bone contains the medullary cavity?

A

Diaphysis

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14
Q

Which structure is responsible for holding together the occipital + parietal bones of the cranium?

A

Lambdoid suture

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15
Q

Of the following bony features, which are found on the femur?

  • Line
  • Crest
  • Epicondyle
  • Facet
  • Spine
A

Epicondyle

Crest

Line

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16
Q

What type of fibrous joint occurs when 2 bones are bound together by an interosseous ligament?

A

Syndesmosis

17
Q

What bones form the radoiocarpal joint?

A

Scaphoid

Lunate

Triquetral

18
Q

What type of cell is responsible for the initiation of the calcification process in bone?

A

Osteoblasts

19
Q

List the stages of bone remodelling

A

Bone resting

Bone resorption

Bone reversal

Bone formation

Bone mineralization

20
Q

What ranges of movement does the temporomandibular joint permit?

A

Depression/Elevation

Protraction/Retraction

Medial/Lateral rotation

21
Q

In intramembranous ossification during the formation of an ossification centre, the mesenchyme cells differentiate initially into what type of bone cells?

A

Osteogenic cells

22
Q

What is the linea aspera?

A

Longitudinal ridge on posterior aspect of femoral shaft.

23
Q

At which zone of cartilage does interstitial growth at the epiphyseal growth plate occur?

A

Zone of proliferating cartilage

24
Q

What artery is responsible for providing arterial blood to the diaphysis + metaphysis of a long bone?

A

Nutrient artery

25
Q

What name is given to the inorganic crystallised mineral making up the bony matrix + is responsible for giving bones their rigidity + structure?

A

Hydroxyapatite

26
Q

Besides the production of RBC, what else does red bone marrow produce?

A

WBC

Platelets

27
Q

What does the linea aspera provide as an origin point for?

A
  • Biceps femoris
  • Adductor Magnus
  • Vastus lateralis