Qs - Skeletal System

Question 1

In the final stage of endochondral ossification, the epiphyseal growth plate is formed from what type of cartilage?

Answer 1

Hyaline

Question 2

What are the stages of intramembranous ossification?

Answer 2

1. Formation of an ossification centre
2. Calcification of the osteoid matrix
3. Formation of trabeculae
4. Development of the periosteum

Question 3

Which of the following features are found towards the distal end of the humerus?

• Greater tubercle
• Capitulum
• Surgical neck
• Medial epicondyle
• Olecranon fossa

Answer 3

Capitulum

Medial epicondyle

Olecranon fossa

Question 4

What type of cartilage is the epiglottis?

Answer 4

Elastic

Question 5

What type of fracture occurs when 1 bone is forcefully driven into another, affecting both ends of the bone?

Answer 5

Impacted

Question 6

What type of joint is the superior radioulnar joint?

Answer 6

Pivot

Question 7

Which normal curvatures of the spine are considered to be secondary curves that develop after birth?

Answer 7

Cervical + lumbar

Question 8

Which of the following features can be found in both cortical + spongy bone?

• Trabeculae
• Osteons
• Lamellae
• Canaliculi

Answer 8

Canaliculi

Lamellae

Question 9

What is the function of amphiarthroses?

Answer 9

Allows a small degree of movement

Question 10

What bone feature is best described as a small pit or depression that provides attachment for muscles + ligaments

Answer 10

Fovea

Question 11

What is the name of the opening within the vertebrae that allows the passage of the spinal cord + meninges?

Answer 11

Vertebral canal

Question 12

What hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland to regulate the levels of Ca2+ in the blood + opposes the effects of parathyroid hormone by reducing stochastic activity in bone?

Answer 12

Calcitonin

Question 13

Which region of a long bone contains the medullary cavity?

Answer 13

Diaphysis

Question 14

Which structure is responsible for holding together the occipital + parietal bones of the cranium?

Answer 14

Lambdoid suture

Question 15

Of the following bony features, which are found on the femur?

• Line
• Crest
• Epicondyle
• Facet
• Spine

Answer 15

Epicondyle

Crest

Line

Question 16

What type of fibrous joint occurs when 2 bones are bound together by an interosseous ligament?

Answer 16

Syndesmosis

Question 17

What bones form the radoiocarpal joint?

Answer 17

Scaphoid

Lunate

Triquetral

Question 18

What type of cell is responsible for the initiation of the calcification process in bone?

Answer 18

Osteoblasts

Question 19

List the stages of bone remodelling

Answer 19

Bone resting

Bone resorption

Bone reversal

Bone formation

Bone mineralization

Question 20

What ranges of movement does the temporomandibular joint permit?

Answer 20

Depression/Elevation

Protraction/Retraction

Medial/Lateral rotation

Question 21

In intramembranous ossification during the formation of an ossification centre, the mesenchyme cells differentiate initially into what type of bone cells?

Answer 21

Osteogenic cells

Question 22

What is the linea aspera?

Answer 22

Longitudinal ridge on posterior aspect of femoral shaft.

Question 23

At which zone of cartilage does interstitial growth at the epiphyseal growth plate occur?

Answer 23

Zone of proliferating cartilage

Question 24

What artery is responsible for providing arterial blood to the diaphysis + metaphysis of a long bone?

Answer 24

Nutrient artery

Question 25

What name is given to the inorganic crystallised mineral making up the bony matrix + is responsible for giving bones their rigidity + structure?

Answer 25

Hydroxyapatite

Question 26

Besides the production of RBC, what else does red bone marrow produce?

Answer 26

WBC Platelets

Question 27

What does the linea aspera provide as an origin point for?

Answer 27

- Biceps femoris - Adductor Magnus - Vastus lateralis