Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

bio 1 > week 10, apr 18th - 22nd > Flashcards

week 10, apr 18th - 22nd Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Describe phylum chordata

A

Invertebrates (no backbone)
Vertebrates (backbone)
Coelomates
Deuterostome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

State the 5 common features of chordates

A 
1/2 = dorsal and hollow nerve cord 
3 = notochord 
4 = pharyngeal gill slits 
5 = post anal tail
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who were the ancestors to vertebrates

A

Jawless fishes
Has sucker
Evolved a jawbone from fusing gill arches

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Name the species in class chondrichthyes

A

Shark

Ray

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe class chondrichthyes

A 
Cartilaginous fishes 
Have cartilage, no bones 
Backbone composed of vertebrae - cartilage 
No buoyancy 
Internal fertilization 
Some give birth to live youngs 
More advanced heart than bony fishes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe internal fertilization

A

Delivering sperm inside the female

More efficient than external fertilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Describe animals in Class Actinopterygii

A

Bony fishes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe Class Actinopterygii

A

Buoyant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe components of the respiratory system of Class Actinopterygii

A

Gills - composed of many gill filaments

Operculum to ventilate and movie water through gills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Describe the respiratory system of Class Actinopterygii

A

Oxygen rich water enters the mouth and leaves through the gill slit
Gas exchange by simple diffusion - passive transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the counter current system of Class Actinopterygii

A

Maximum loading of oxygen in gills
Water flows in opposite direction of the blood flow (oxygen poor blood)
Deoxygenated —> oxygenated (same direction)
Mouth —> gill slit (water flows opposite to blood) = allows oxygen to be picked up on both sides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe circulatory system of vertebrates

A

Closed circulatory system = blood circulated within blood vessels with blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe circulatory system of bony fishes

A

Closed circulatory system
One circuit - slow
Two chambered heart
Ectotherms = cold blooded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe two chambered heart of bony fishes

A

One atrium receives blood

One ventricle sends blood out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why the is one circuit slow in circulatory system of bony fishes

A

The oxygen rich blood leaving gills do not return to the heart
It goes to all organs first
Oxygen poor blood returns to heart
Heart never receives oxygen rich blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe features of bony fishes (fertilization)

A

External fertilization
Female lays unfertilized eggs
Male secrets sperm over eggs
No parental care

17
Q

Name species in class amphibia

A

Frogs

Salamanders

18
Q

Explain characteristics of class amphibia

A

Invaded land
Evolved limbs from fins
Still dependant on water for reproduction and respiration

19
Q

Describe fertilization of class amphibia

A 
External fertilization 
Lays eggs in water 
Metamorphosis 
Tadpole (gills, herbivores) —> adult frog (lungs, carnivores) 
Cryptic egg
20
Q

What is a cryptic egg

A

See dark part from above and can’t see it from below

See light part from below and can’t see if from above

21
Q

Describe respiration of class amphibia

A

Need moist skin to add oxygen to blood
Adults have positive pressure breathing system = force or push air (needs energy) in their lungs which have a higher pressure than atmosphere

22
Q

Describe circulatory system of class amphibia

A

Closed
Evolved two circuits
Evolved three chambered heart
Cold blood - ectotherm

23
Q

Describe circulatory system (two circuits) of class amphibia

A 
Pulmocutaneous circuit (lungs and skin) 
Systemic circuit (all organs except lungs)
24
Q

Describe circulatory system (three chambers) of class amphibia

A

Two atria
Right atrium receives oxygen poor blood
Left atrium receives oxygen rich blood
One ventricle receives oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood (mixing blood) = sends poorly oxygenated blood to organs

25
Q

Name species in class reptilia

A

Lizard
Turtle
Snake
Crocodile

26
Q

Describe characteristics of class reptilia

A

Bodies covered by scales

Amniotes: lay amniotic eggs (with an eggshell), lay eggs on land

27
Q

Describe circulatory system of class reptilia

A

Closed
Two circuits
Incomplete four chambered heart

28
Q

Describe circulatory system (two circuits) of class reptilia

A

Pulmonary circuit = oxygen poor blood to lungs

Systemic circuit = oxygen rich blood to organs except lungs

29
Q

Describe circulatory system (incomplete four chambered heart) of class reptilia

A

Evolved a septum that is not completely separating oxygen rich and oxygen poor blood = small amount of blood mixing

30
Q

What kind of breathing does class reptilia have

A

Negative pressure breathing

31
Q

Describe birds in general

A

Ancestors are reptiles
Amniotes
Evolved feathers from scales
Warm blooded = endotherm, homeotherm

32
Q

Describe respiratory system of birds

A

Have lungs for gas exchange to oxygenate blood and air sacs to ventilate and move air
Two cycles = old air doesn’t mix with new air

33
Q

Name parts of respiratory system for birds

A

Trachea (wind pipe)
Anterior air sacs
Lungs
Posterior air sacs

34
Q

Describe cycle one of respiratory system of birds

A

Inhale 1 = air moves to posterior air sacs

Exhale 1 = air moves to lungs to oxygenate blood

35
Q

Describe cycle two of respiratory system of birds

A

Inhale 2 = air moves to anterior air sacs

Exhale 2 = air exits bird

36
Q

Describe circulatory system of birds and mammals

A

Closed
Two circuits = pulmonary and systemic
Four chambered heart with complete septum = no mixing

37
Q

Describe four chambered heart of birds

A

Two atria
Right atrium receives oxygen poor blood from two vena cava
Left atrium receives oxygen rich blood from four pulmonary veins
Two ventricles
Right ventricle sends oxygen poor blood to lungs via pulmonary arteries
Left ventricle sends oxygen rich blood to all organs except heart via aorta

bio 1 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions