Week 1 Intro to Human Body Flashcards
Intro to Human Body
Anatomy
The study of the structure of an organism and the relationship of its parts
Physiology
The science that deals with the functions of the living organism and its parts
Metabolism
The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the body
Catabolism
Breakdown of complex chemical substances into simpler compounds
Anabolism
Building up of complex chemical substances from simpler compounds
Atoms
Chemical building blocks of nature. Smallest units of matter
Molecules
Combinations of two or more atoms
Organelle
A structure made of molecules organized in such a way that it can perform a specific function
Cells
Smallest living units in the body
Tissues
Groups of similar cells and surrounding matrix that work together to perform a function
Organs
Structures composed of 2 or more different types of tissues
Organ System
Consists of related organs to form a complex function
Organism Level
All parts of the human body functioning together
Homeostasis
Condition of equilibrium or balance of the body’s internal environment
Feedback Systems (loops)
Processes for maintaining or restoring homestasis
Sensor
body structure that monitors changes in a controlled condition and sends information to a control center
Integrator
Body structure that receives info from receptor, evaluates, and sends output to an effector if needed
Effector
Body structure that receives ouput from control center and produces response to oppose or reinforce the change
Feedback loop’s feedback
Determines when set point has been achieved and discontinues reponse
Intracellular
Regulate functions within the cell
Intrinsic
Operate at the tissue and organ levels (local control, or auto-regulation)
Extrinsic
Outside control, operates at the system or organism level
RUQ
Right Upper Quadrant
LUQ
Left Upper Quadrant
RLQ
Right Lower Quadrant
LLQ
Left Lower Quadrant
