Trunk Flashcards by Lindsey Morse

Name the muscle and its origin

Trapezius

Origin:

External Occipital protruberance,
Medial portion of superior nuchal line of occiput,
ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes C7 - T12

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Name the muscle and its insertion

Trapezius

Insertion: Lateral one third of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula

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Name the muscle and its actions

Trapezius

Upper Fibers

Bilaterally:

Extend the head and neck

Unilaterally:

Laterally flex the head and neck to same side

Rotate the head and neck to the opposite side

Elevate the scapula (scapulothoracic joint)

Upwardly rotate the scapula

Middle Fibers

Adduct the scapula (ST joint)

Stabilize the scapula (ST joint)

Lower Fibers

Depress the scapula (ST)

Upwardly rotate the scapula (ST)

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Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin:

Inferior angle of scapula
Spinous process of last six thoracic vertebrae
last 3 or 4 ribs
Thoracolumbar aponeurosis and posterior iliac crest

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of the humerus

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Name the muscle and its actions

Latissimus Dorsi

Actions:

Extend the shoulder (GH)
Adduct the shoulder (GH)
Medially rotate shoulder (GH)

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Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Rhomboid Major

Origin: Spinous processes of T2-T5

Insertion: Medial border of the scapula between the spine of the scapula and inferior angle

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Name the muscle and its actions

Rhomboid Major

Actions:

Adduct the scapula (ST)
Elevate the scapula (ST)
Downwardly rotate the scapula (ST)

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Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Rhomboid Minor

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T1

Insertion: Upper portion of medial border of the scapula, across from spine of scapula

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Name the muscle and its actions

Rhomboid Minor

Actions:

Adduct the scapula (ST)
Elevate the scapula (ST)
Downwardly rotate the scapula (ST)

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Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Levator Scapula

Origin: Transverse processes of C1-C4

Insertion: Medial border of scapula, between superior angle and superior portion of spine of scapula

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Name the muscle and its actions

Levator Scapula

Actions:

Unilaterally:

Elevate the scapula (ST)
Downwardly rotate scapula (ST)
Laterally flex the head and neck
Rotate the head and neck to the same side

Bilaterally:

Extend head and neck

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Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Serratus Anterior

Origin: External surfaces of upper 8 or 9 ribs

Insertion: Anterior surface of medial border of scapula

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Name the muscle and its actions

Serratus Anterior

Actions:

Abduct the scapula (ST)
Upwardly rotate the scapula (ST)
Depress scapula (ST)
Hold the medial border of the scapula against the rib cage

With scapula fixed: May act to elevate thorax during forced inhalation

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Name the muscle and its origin and insertion, as well as its 3 fibers

Pectoralis Major

Upper fibers - Clavicular

Middle fibers - Sternal

Lower fibers - Costal

Origin: Medial half of clavicle, sternum and cartilage of 1st - 6th ribs

Insertion: Crest of greater tubercle of humerus

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Name the muscle and its actions

Pectoralis Major

Actions:

All fibers

Adduct the shoulder (GH)
Medially rotate shoulder (GH)
Assist to elevate the thorax during forced inhalation (w/ arm fixed)

Upper fibers

Flex the shoulder (GH)
Horizontally adduct shoulder (GH)

Lower fibers

-Extend the shoulder (GH)

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Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Pectoralis Minor

Origin: 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs

Insertion: Medial surface of coracoid process of scapula

Name the muscle and its actions

Pectoralis Minor

Actions:

Depress scapula (ST)
Abduct scapula (ST)
Downwardly rotate scapula (ST)

With scapula fixed: Assist to elevate thorax during forced inhalation

Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Subclavius

Origin: 1st rib and cartilage

Insertion: Inferior surface of the middle 1/3 of the clavicle

Name the muscle and its actions

Subclavius

Actions:

depress clavicle and draw it anterior
elevate 1st rib during inhalation
stabilize sternoclavicualr joint

Name the muscle and its action

Erector Spinae Group

Actions:

Unilaterally

lateral flexion of the vertebral column

Bilaterally

Extend the vertebral column

Name the muscle and each group of its fibers

Erector Spinae Group

Blue: Spinalis

Yellow: Longissimus

Green: Iliocostalis (reflected)

Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Multifidi

Origin: Sacrum and transverse processes of lumbar-cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through 2nd cervical vertebrae

Name the muscle and its actions

Multifidi

Actions:

Unilaterally - Rotate vertebral column to opposite side

Bilaterally - Extend the vertebral column

Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Rotatores

Origin: Transverse processes of lumbar-cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Spinous processes of lumbar vertebrae through 2nd cervical vertebrae

Span: 1-2 vertebrae

Name the muscle and its actions

Rotatores Actions: Unilaterally - Rotate vertebral column to opposite side Bilaterally - Extend the vertebral column

Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Quadratus Lumborum Origin: Posterior iliac crest Insertion: Last rib and transverse processes of 1st through 4th lumbar vertebrae

Name the muscle and its actions

Quadratus Lumborum Actions: Unilaterally - Laterally tilt (elevate) the pelvis - Laterally flex the vertebral column to the same side Bilaterally - Assist to extend the vertebral column - Fix the last rib during forced inhalation and exhalation

Name the muscle and its actions

Rectus Abdominus Actions: - Flex the vertebral column - Tilt pelvis posteriorly

Name the muscle and its actions

Abdominals: External Oblique Actions: Unilaterally - Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side - Rotate vertebral column to the opposite side Bilaterally - Flex the vertebral column - Compress abdominal contents

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Abdominals: Internal Oblique Actions: Unilaterally - Laterally flex vertebral column to the same side - Rotate vertebral column to the same side Bilaterally - Flex the vertebral column - Compress abdominal contents

Name the muscle and its actions

Abdominals: Transverse Abdominis Actions: Compress abdominal contents

Name the muscle and its actions

Diaphragm Actions: - Draw down the central tendon of the diaphragm - Increase the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation

Name the muscle and its origin and insertion

Intercostals Origin: Inferior border of the rib above Insertion: Superior border of the rib below

Name the muscle and its different fiber groups

Intercostals Blue: External intercostals Green: Internal intercostals

Name the muscle and its actions

Intercostals Actions: External intercostals - Draw the ribs superiorly (increasing space of thoracic cavity) to assist with inhalation Internal intercostals - Draw ribs inferiorly (decreasing space of the thoracic cavity) to assist with exhalation

Name the mucle in blue and its actions

Serratus Posterior Superior Actions: Elevate ribs during inhalation

Name the muscle in green and its actions

Serratus Posterior Inferior Actions: Depress ribs during exhalation

Name the muscle and its actions

Intertransversarii Actions: Unilaterally - Laterally flex vertebral column to same side Bilaterlly - Extend the vertebral column

Name the muscle and its actions

Interspinalis Action: Extend the vertebral column