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BIO 100 Anatomy and Physiology > Articulations > Flashcards

Articulations Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

point of contact between bones (3)

A

Articulation/Joint/Arthrosis

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2
Q

joint scope

A

arthroscopy

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3
Q

joint repair

A

arthroplasty

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4
Q

Joints are classified into these 2 major categories:

A
  • Structural - Functional
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5
Q

Structural system is base on (2):

A
  1. Presence of fluid filled joint space 2. Type of connective tissue
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6
Q

Functional system is based on:

A

type of movement allowed at the joint

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7
Q

Name the structural and functional type of joint: - No joint cavity -Bones of joints fit closely together - 3 types (syndesmoses, sutures, gomphoses

A

Structural: Fibrous Joints Functional: Synarthroses

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8
Q

joints in which fibrous bands (ligaments) connect 2 bones slightly movable

A

Syndesmoses

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9
Q

joints: - found only in the skull - have a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue - adjacent bones interlock with each other - slight movable joint in children - immovable in adults-become ossified

A

Sutures

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10
Q

frontal bone suture that is ossified (has no connective tissue)

A

Synotosis

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11
Q

joint: - formed between the root of a tooth and the sockets (alveoli) of the mandible or maxillae - immovable joint when healthy

A

Gomphoses

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12
Q

Fibrous tissue between root and bone in gomphoses joint

A

periodontal membrane

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13
Q

Name the structural and functional type of joint: - no joint cavity - bones of joints are joined together by hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage - allow no motion to very little motion - 2 types (synchondroses, symphyses)

A

Structural: Cartilaginous Functional: Amphiarthroses

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14
Q

joint: - connecting material between articulating bones is hyaline cartilage - immovable

A

Synchondroses

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15
Q

joint: - with a pad or disc of fibrocartilage between 2 bones - most occur in midline of body - slight movement

A

Symphyses

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16
Q

Name the structural and functional type of joint: - freely movable - most numerous and anatomically complex joints - comprise a majority of the joints in the appendicular skeleton

A

Structural: Synovial Joints Functional: Diarthroses

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17
Q

Structure of synovial joints (7):

A
  1. Joint capsule (2 layers) 2. Synovial membrane 3. Articular cartilage 4. Joint cavity 5. Menisci 6. Ligaments 7. Bursae/Tendon sheath
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18
Q

The ____ _____ forms a complete casing around a synovial joint

A

joint capsule

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19
Q

The ____ ____ lines the inner surface of the joint capsule, and attaches to the margins of the articular cartilage

A

synovial membrane

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20
Q

2 functions of the synovial membrane:

A
  • lubricates - nourishes
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21
Q

Thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the articular surfaces of bones and reduces friction during movement, as well as absorbs shock

A

articular cartilage

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22
Q

small space between bones that allows for extensive movement

A

joint cavity

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23
Q

pads of fibrocartilage between articulating bones that usually divide the joint cavity into 2 separate spaces; allowing separate movements

A

Menisci (articular disks)

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24
Q

4 functions of menisci:

A
  • shock absorption - better fit between articulating bones - larger contact surface for weight bearing - synovial fluid distribution across joint surfaces
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25
Q

fibrocartilaginous lip that extends from joint socket and increases contact area between bones

A

Labrum

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26
Q

____ deepens joint socket of shoulder and hip

A

labrum

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27
Q

strong cords of dense, regular fibrous tissue that hold bones of synovial joint together more firmly

A

ligaments

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28
Q

sac-like structure surrounded by synovial membrane. It is filled with synovial fluid, and found between skin and bones, tendons and bones, muscles and bones, or ligaments and bones.

A

Bursae

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29
Q

_____ cushion joint or facilitate movement of tendons

A

bursae

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30
Q

tube-like bursae that wrap around tendons that receive a lot of wear and tear

A

Tendon (synovial) sheaths

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31
Q

____ are extension of the joint capsule but wraps around tendon. It protects tendon as it slides back and forth with movement.

A

Tendon (synovial) sheaths

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32
Q

The 3 types of synovial joints are:

A
  • uniaxial - biaxial - multiaxial
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33
Q

synovial joints that permit movement around 1 axis and in only 1 plane

A

Uniaxial

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34
Q

pivot joints and hinge joints are types of _____ synovial joints.

A

uniaxial

35
Q

the convex surface of one bone fits into the concave surface of another bone

A

hinge joints

36
Q

a projection of one bone articulates with a ring or notch of another bone

A

pivot joints

37
Q

synovial diarthroses that permit movement around 2 perpedicular axes in 2 perpendicular planes

A

biaxial

38
Q

articulating ends of the bones resemble reciprocally shaped miniature saddles these are only in the thumb

A

saddle joints

39
Q

joint where condyle fits into an elliptical socket

A

Condyloid (ellipsoidal) joints

40
Q

The distal end of the radius fitting into the depression of the carpal bones (scaphoid, lunate, triquitrum) is an example of what type of joint?

A

Condyloid, biaxial, synovial joint

41
Q

Synovial joints that permit movements around 3 or more axes in 3 or more planes

A

multiaxial

42
Q

The shoulder joint is an example of what type of joint?

A

Ball and socket, multiaxial, synovial

43
Q

relatively flat articulating surfaces that allow sliding movements along various axes

A

gliding joints

44
Q

Name the structure

A

Articular Cartilage

45
Q

Name the type of synovial joint

A

ball and socket joint (multiaxial)

46
Q

Name the component

A

cartilage

47
Q

Name the component

A

compact bone

48
Q

Name the component

A

compact bone

49
Q

Name the type of joint

A

Condyloid joint

50
Q

Name the type of synovial joint

A

Gliding joint

51
Q

Name the type of joint

A

Gomphoses, Fibrous Joint

52
Q

Name the type of synovial joint

A

Hinge Joint

53
Q

name the component

A

Joint capsule

54
Q

Name the component

A

joint cavity (contains synovial fluid)

55
Q

name the component

A

ligament

56
Q

name the types of synovial joints

A

green: hinge joint
blue: pivot joint
red: saddle joint
yellow: condyloid
orange: ball and socket
pink: gliding joint

57
Q

name the component

A

periosteum

58
Q

name the type of synovial joint

A

pivot joint

59
Q

name the type of synovial joints

A

pivot joints

60
Q

name the joint

A

pubic symphesis cartilaginous

61
Q

name the type of synovial joint

A

saddle joint

62
Q

name the component

A

spongy bone

63
Q

name the type of joint

A

sutures, fibrous

64
Q

name the type of joint

A

sympheses cartilagenous

65
Q

name the type of joint

A

synchondroses cartilaginous

66
Q

name the type of joint

A

syndesmoses fibrous

67
Q

name the component

A

synovial fluid

68
Q

name the component

A

synovial membrane

69
Q

name the type of joint

A

uniaxial synovial

70
Q

What type of movement occurs within the intercarpal jts, intertarsal jts, and articular facets of vertebrae?

A

gliding movement

71
Q

assessment used to determine the extent of joint injury

A

ROM range of Motion assessment

72
Q

ROM is measured by an intrument called:

A

goniometer

73
Q

The shoulder consists of these 3 joints:

A
  • glenohumeral
  • sternoclavicular
  • acromioclavicular
74
Q

4 structures that strengthen the shoulder joint:

A
  • ligaments
  • muscles
  • tendons
  • bursae
75
Q

What 2 joints make up the elbow?

A
  • humeroulnar joint
  • humeroradial joint
76
Q

inflammation of the elbow bursa:

A

Olecranon bursitis

77
Q

Blows to the “funny bone” are really hitting what?

A

the ulnar nerve

78
Q

dislocation or subluxation of the radial head is sometimes called:

A

Nursemaid’s Elbow

79
Q

What articulations make up the wrist joint?

A
  • radiocarpal joint
  • intercarpal/midcarpal joints
80
Q

most common wrist fracture:

A

fracture of radial styloid process (AKA Colles’ fracture/Dinner-fork deformity)

81
Q

The hand is comprised of 3 categories of synovial joints

A
  • carpometacarpal joints
  • metacarpophalangeal joints
  • interphalangeal joints
82
Q

articulation between the carpal bones and the metacarpal bones:

A

carpometacarpal joints

83
Q
A

BIO 100 Anatomy and Physiology (23 decks)

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