ways to gather data Flashcards
ways to gather data from children:
1.self/other-report
2.Observation
3.Physiological Measures
- self/other report
-surveys and questionnairs
-interviws
-standardized tests (like IQ test)
pro:
-can probe inner expirences:motivations,emotions etc.
-easy to admister
2.Observation(most crucial)
a)naturalistic observation
b)structural observation
in observation must be specific , it is key to have operational definition before hand
to not cause confusion
what is helpful behaviour ?
a)naturalistic observation
observing behaviour of interest in its natural setting
issue:to much data
approches to this issue :
- Time-sampling:record all behaviours during pre-determined time period
*Event-sampling: record behviour every time event of interest occurs,but not other behaviours
pro
-reflects real-world behaviour
-can be affordable
b)Structural observation
reserch set up a situation to envoke the behaviour of interest
same opportunity and observation to compare
pro
-useful for rare behaviour
-same situation for evryone> more control
3.Physiological measures
relationship between physiological processes and behaviour
-heart rate
-blood pressure
-hormone level
-pupil dilatation
-neuroimaging:
neuroimaging
-physiological processes in the brain
- EEG/ERP:measure eletrical activity in the brain
- MRI:measures brain structure using magnetic fields
-fMRI:measure blood flow in the brain using magnetic fields
-NIRS: measures blood flow in the brain using light
pro
-assess biological underpinnings
-does not require languague/behaviour
we strive
realibility:consistency/repeatability of measures
validity:accuracy-is it meausring what we want to measure
internal validity
whether conditions internal to the design of the study allows for accurate measurment
external validity
if it can be generalized
