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HISTOPATH > WAX IMPREGNATION AND EMBEDDING > Flashcards

WAX IMPREGNATION AND EMBEDDING Flashcards

1
Q

replacing the clearing agent with the infiltrating medium to fill all tissue cavities

A

impregnation

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2
Q

impregnation aka

A

inlfiltration

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3
Q

embedding aka

A

casting

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4
Q

impregnated tissue is placed into a precisely arrange position in a mold containing an embedding medium and allowed to solidify

A

embedding

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5
Q

types of impregnating and embedding media

A
  • paraffin
  • celloidin
  • gelatin
  • plastic
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6
Q

simplest, most common, best embedding medium

A

paraffin

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7
Q

paraffin melting point for routine work

A

56C

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8
Q

overheated paraffin temp

A

> 60C

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9
Q

four changes of paraffin wax at 15 minute intervals

A

manual processing of paraffin wax impregnation

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10
Q

use of automatic tissue processor

A

automatic manual processing of paraffin wax impregnation

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11
Q

specimens are transferred from container to container to be processed

A

tissue-transfer (dip and dunk)

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12
Q

specimens are held in a in a single process chamber or retort; fluids are pumped in and out

A

fluid transfer

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13
Q

number of stations

A

12 station (10 1 liter containers) and 2 wax baths

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14
Q

wax bath thermostat

A

30C higher that melting point of wax

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15
Q

steps in autotechnicon

A
  • stations 1 and 2: 10% formalin
  • stations 3-6: increasing grades of 70-95% ethanol
  • stations 7-8: acetone
  • stations 9-10: chloroform or xylene
  • stations 11-12: liquid paraffin
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16
Q

wax impregnation under negative atmospheric pressure inside an embedding oven

A

vacuum embedding

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17
Q

fastest method; for urgent biopsies , delicate tissues, CNS tissues

A

vacuum embedding

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18
Q

ano gagawin sa autotechnicon pag brown out?

A

do nothing; it has its spare/back up battery

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19
Q

reusing of paraffin wax can only done ______

A

twice

20
Q

water in the wax must be removed by

A

heating the wax at 100-105C

21
Q

mixture of paraffin and synthetic plastic polymer

A

paraplast (parang pellets)

22
Q

semisynthetic; used for embedding of eyes

A

bioloid (dalawang O parang dalawang eyes)

23
Q

wax that contains rubber

A

tissue mat

24
Q

water insoluble but soluble in 95% ethanol

A

ester wax

25
Q

most common polyethylene glycols

A

carbowax

26
Q

purified from of nitrocellulose

A

celloidin

27
Q

for specimens with large hollow cavities which tend to collapse, hard, and dense tissues

A

celloidin

28
Q

makes the tissue blocks rubbery

A

celloidin

29
Q

celloidin for bone, brain section, teeth

A

wet celloidin

30
Q

celloidin for processing for whole eye section

A

dry celloidin

31
Q

preferred celloidin since it produces a harder tissue block and thinner sections are possible

A

nitrocellulose Method

32
Q

not a wax; rarely used; for histochemical and enzyme studies and frozen sections

A

gelatin

33
Q

done after wax impregnation

A

embedding

34
Q

orientation for embedding

A

surface of the section to be cut should be parallel to the bottom of the mold

35
Q

tubular structures (arteries, fallopian tubes)

A

cut in X section of the lumen

36
Q

skin, intestine, gall bladder and other epithelial biopsies

A

cut in a plane at right angles to the surface

37
Q

muscle biopsies

A

transverse and longitudinal planes

38
Q

2 L shaped strips of heavy brass or metal; size is adjustable

A

Leuckhart’s embedding mold

39
Q

made of grids or compartment; multiple embedding

A

compound embedding unit

40
Q

special stainless steel base mold fitted with a plastic embedding ring

A

plastic embedding rings and base molds

41
Q

peel away

A

disposable molds (e.g. ice tray, paper boat

42
Q

for hard tissues and large sections of whole organs

A

celloidin and nitrocellulose method

43
Q

1st infiltration with celloidin and subsequently embedded with paraffin

A

double embedding method

44
Q

for extremely hard tissues

A

plastic (resin) embedding

45
Q

not recommended for immunohistochem since it reduces the antigenicity of the sample

A

epoxy

46
Q

most stable embedding choice for TEM

A

bisphenol A

HISTOPATH (17 decks)

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