STAINS

Question 1

polysaccharides bound to other substances

Answer 1

mucins

Question 2

stains glycogen, mucoproteins, hyaline casts, glomerular basement membrane

Answer 2

Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS)

Question 3

intensity of PAS (proportional, inversely proportional) to sugar content

Answer 3

proportional

Question 4

method of choice for glycogen staining

Answer 4

PAS with Disease Control

Question 5

selective and highly specific for glycogen

Answer 5

best carmine (bright red)

Question 6

oldest stain for glycogen but already obsolete

Answer 6

Langhan’s Iodine Method

Question 7

most popular method for acid mucins

Answer 7

alcian blue

Question 8

most useful metachromatic dye
fixative: mercuric chloride

Answer 8

azure A

Question 9

ACID MPS

Answer 9

• Alcian Blue
• Azure A
• Uranyl Acetate Azure A
• Toluidine Blue

Question 10

mucicarmine stains encapsulated fungi such as

Answer 10

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 11

MUCINS

Answer 11

• Combined Gomori’s Aldehyde Fuchsin-Alcian Blue
• Mucicarmine
• Hale’s Colloidal (Dialyzed) Iron Technique

Question 12

most commonly used fixative for AA histochemistry

Answer 12

neutral buffered formol saline

Question 13

most common technique for histochemical demonstration of enzymes

Answer 13

metal precipitation

Question 14

histones and protamines

Answer 14

alkaline fast green

Question 15

cysteine & cystine

Answer 15

peracetic acid-alcian blue

Question 16

ALP; ACP

Answer 16

Gomori Calcium; Gomori Lead (balikta C and L)

Question 17

most sensitive technique in ID of nucleic acids

Answer 17

in situ hybrization

Question 18

principle of PCR

Answer 18

gene amplification

Question 19

3 steps in PCR

Answer 19

1. Denaturation
2. Annealing
3. Extension

Question 20

iron containing pigment of HB

Answer 20

hemosiderin

Question 21

iron free pigment of Hb

Answer 21

hemotodoin

Question 22

Hb minus the globin molecule

Answer 22

hematin

Question 23

malarial pigment

Answer 23

Hemozoin

Question 24

iron free brownish pigment

Answer 24

hemofucsin

Question 25

most common exogenous pigments

Answer 25

carbon

Question 26

most common stain for tissue pigments and deposits

Answer 26

Perl’s Prussian Blue

Question 27

carcinogenic stain for tissue pigments and deposits

Answer 27

Benzidine Nitroprusside

Question 28

for melanin and argentaffin

Answer 28

masson fontana

Question 29

best fungal stains for tissues

Answer 29

Grocott Methenamine Silver

Question 30

superior stain for Electron Microscopy

Answer 30

Uranyl Acetate

Question 31

1st general stain

Answer 31

Phosphotungstic acid

Question 32

primary or secondary stain for electron microscopy

Answer 32

lead

Question 33

used to remove stain on skin

Answer 33

acid decolorizer

Question 34

stain for legionella

Answer 34

dieterle method