DECALCIFICATION Flashcards
done after fixation
decalcification
types of decalcifying agents
acids, chelating agents, ion exchange resins. electrophoresis
widely used for routine decalcification
acid decalcifying agents
most common/routinely used decalcifying agent
nitric acid (5-10%)
rapid decalcifying agent
nitric acid
- rapid
- for urgent biopsies
- contains formalin
- less tissue destruction
formol nitric acid
decalcifies and softens tissues at the same time
perenyi’s fluid
most rapid decalcifying agent (12-24 hrs)
Phloroglucin Nitric Acid
slower and produces more distortion in comparison to HNO3
HCl
contains 36% NaCl; recommended for teeth and small pieces pf bones
Von Ebner’s
recommended for routine decalcification of post mortem research tissues
formic acid
both a fixative and decalcifying agent
formic acid
has better nuclear staining as compared to nitric acid
formic acid sodium citrate solution
recommended for autopsy materials, BM, cartilage, and tissue for research
formic acid sodium citrate solution
weak decalcifying agent and fixative
TCA
weak decalcifying agent and only for minute pieces of bone
sulfurous acid
both a fixative and a decalcifying agent
chromic acid
an oxidizing agent; carcinogenic
chromic acid
commonly used chelating agent
EDTA (Versene)
hastens decalcification by using formic acid containing decalcifying solutions
ion exchange resin
complete decalcification of ion exchange resin can be measured by using _______________
Physical or Xray method
bending or touching the tissue, using a needle; prone to produce artifacts and may destroy cellular details
physical/mechanical test
very expensive but the most ideal; not for mercuric chloride fixed tissues
xray method
simple, reliable, and convenient
chemical method (aka calcium oxalate)
tissue softeners
- perenyi’s
- lendrum’s
- molliflex
- 2% HCl
- 1% HCl in 70% alcohol
decalcifying and tissue softener
perenyi’s
