HORMONAL CYTOLOGY Flashcards
produced by proliferating granulose theca cells of the ovarian follicles
estrogen
estrogen acts upon
superficial cells
- large; polyhedral flat cells
- cytoplasm; may be acidophilic or basophilic
- presence of small dark pyknotic nuclei
superficial cells (SUPER=LARGE)
- polyhedral or elongated
- cytoplasm: basophilic with vacuoles
- vesicular nuclei
- medium large
intermediate cells
BOAT shaped intermediate cells with a strong tendency to FOLD and CURL their edges
NAVIcular (BOAT=NAVY)
- expression of the combined estrogen-progesterone effect
- found in the latter half of menstrual cycle, during pregnancy, menopause
- may also be found as a result of abnormal androgen stimulation
Navicular cells
- round to oval shaped cell
- has a translucent basophilic cytoplasm
- double wall appearance
pregnancy cells
fried egg/sunny side up appearance
parabasal cells
found from 2 weeks of age to puberty, after childbirth, abortion or miscarriages, and after menopause
parabasal cells
round, slightly oval cells, with relatively large nucleus that occupying half or more of the cell volume
basal cells
found in vaginal smears ONLY BEFORE PREGNANCY and AFTER MENOPAUSE
basal cells
Cytohormonal Maturation Index
Parabasals:Intermediate:Superficials (PIS)
what is the highest during SHIFT TO THE RIGHT; ESTROGEN EFFECT; MENOPAUSAL WHO ARE TAKING ESTROGEN
Superficial (0/10/90)
- shift to the right kasi nasa right ‘yung S sa PIS
- increased ESTROGEN sa Superficial cells
shift to the MIDZONE; PROGESTERONE effect; during PREGNANCY
Intermediate cells (0/70/30)
- midzone nasa gitna I sa PIS
- increased progesterone sa Intermediate cells
shift to the LEFT; PRE-MENARCHE (hindi pa nireregla); PREMENOPAUSAL
Parabasal cells
- shift to the left - nasa left side P sa PIS
found during menstruation period and 1-4 days after the cessation of the period
endometrial cells
endometrial cells in post-menopausal woman
possible endometrial carcinoma or endometrial hyperplasia
slightly cylindrical appearance; columnar epithelial cells
endocervical cells
denotes satisfactory specimen collection
endocervical cells
what does satisfactory specimen collection means
T-zone is reached
characteristic appearance of endocervical cells
honeycomb
gram (+) slender rod bacteria
doderlein bacilli
predominant organism of the vaginal normal flora; establishes the low pH that inhibits the growth of pathogens
Doderlein Bacilli
other term for doderlein bacilli
lactobacillus acidophilus
agar of choice for doderlein bacilli
tomato juice agar
long thin filamentous bacilli; increased in high vaginal pH; indirectly tells possibility of infection
Leptothrix spp.
normally increased just before. during,
neutrophil
usual contaminant; ovoid bodies
talcum
budding yeast, seen among diabetics, taking oral, immunocompromised patients, prolonged steroid therapy
Candida albicans
(+) Candida albicans
Thrush, Candidiasis (Moniliasis before)
STD; pear shaped organism; granular cytoplasm; eccentric dark nucleus
Trichomonas vaginalis
tiny pleomorphic coccobacilli that clings to cytoplasm of epithelial cells
Gardnerella vaginalis
presence of clue cell
Gardnerella vaginalis
presence of many coccobacilli
clue cell
squamous epithelial cells that show cytopathic effects of HPV
Koilocytes
cytopathic effect of cell is characterized as macrosomia, multinucleation, nuclear molding and ground glass chromatin pattern
HSV II
ferning is due to salt crystal formation under the influence of ________
estrogen (absence of progesterone)
basis for the diagnosis of early pregnancy; rupture of amniotic sac (premature labor)
(+) ferning: high persistent estrogen effect in the ABSENCE OF PROGESTERONE (which is abnormal kasi increased dapat ang progesterone sa pregnancy)
