Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biochemistry > Water Soluble Vitamins > Flashcards

Water Soluble Vitamins Flashcards

1
Q

How are water soluble vitamins different from fat-soluble vitamins?

A
  • most are readily excreted thus toxicity is rare
  • deficiencies occur on an inadequate diet
  • participate in energy metabolism, function as coenzymes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Water soluble vitamins include

A 
B1  thiamine
B2 riboflavin
B3 niacin
B5 pantothenic acid
B6 pydridoxine
B7 biotin
B9 folate
B12 cobalamin
C ascorbic acid
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

B vitamins are

A

energy releasing water-soluble vitamins

B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hematopoietic water-soluble vitamins include

hematopoietic- an immature cell that can develop into all types of blood cells

A

B9, B12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Thiamin (vitamin B1)

A

has a central role in energy-yielding metabolism of carbs

-converted to the coenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Deficiency of thiamin

A
  • most often seen in elderly groups on restricted diet

- severe thiamin deficiency is known as beriberi characterized by neuromuscular symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the RDA (recommended daily allowance) for thiamin for the normal adult?

A

1.0-1.2 mg/day for the normal adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Vitamin B1 foods include

A 
green peas
sunflower seeds
Brussel sprouts
quinoa
sesame/chia seeds
black beans
seaweed 
squash 
macadamia nuts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Riboflavin (vitamin B2)

A

has a central role in energy metabolism

deficiency is rare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The precursor of FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) and FMN (flavin mononucleotide) is

A

riboflavin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The RDA for riboflavin is

A

1.0-1.3 mg/day for the normal adult

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Vitamin B2 rich foods are

A 
carrot leaves
papaya
eggs
cheese
beans 
liver
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Niacin B3 is

A

synthesized in the body from the essential amino acid tryptophan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide have the

A

biological activity forms of niacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Niacin forms the co-enzymes

A

NAD and NADP, and function in redox reactions in metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Niacin rich food sources include:

A 
meats
peanuts
legumes
broccoli
chicken 
bell peppers
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Niacin deficiency

A

Pellagra
characterized by: dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia
untreated pellagra is fatal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Niacin RDA is

A

14-16 mg.day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Pryidoxine (B6) forms the co-enzyme :

It’s needed for:

A

pyridoxal phosphate

metabolism of carbs and fats

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

B6 Pyridoxine is required for the

A

synthesis of neurotransmitters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The RDA for B6 is

A

1.3-1.7 mg/day

22
Q

Vitamin B6 deficiency is

A

rare

23
Q

6 compounds have vitamin B6 activity

A

pyridoxine
pyridoxal
pyridoxamine
and their 5’ phosphates

24
Q

The active coenzyme is

A

pyridoxal 5’ phosphate

25
Q

Foods high in B6

A 
pistachios
cereal
salmon
milk
legumes
lean chicken breast
ricotta cheese
beef
eggs
carrots
bananas
canned tuna
26
Q

Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5) is a component of

A

coenzyme A (CoA), required for the metabolism of all fat, protein, and carbs

27
Q

B5 deficiency is

A

rare, no known toxicity

28
Q

The adequate intake for B5 is

A

5 mg/day

29
Q

Sources of vitamin B5 include

A 
eggs
cauliflower
mushrooms
corn
avocado
yogurt
sweet potato 
broccoli
30
Q

Biotin (B7)

A
  • free and bound forms

- needed for the metabolism of carbs and fats + DNA synthesis

31
Q

Biotin deficiency

A

-poor appetite, nausea, vomiting
-anemia
-muscle pain and weakness
-poor growth
is relatively non-toxic

32
Q

Adequate intake for biotin is

A

3 ug/day for adults

33
Q

B7 rich foods include

A 
tomatoes 
carrots
almonds
onions
romaine lettuce
eggs
salmon
walnuts
sweet potato
cauliflower
34
Q

Folic Acid (B9) functions as

A

tetrahydrofolate co-enzyme

35
Q

Folic acid is important

A

in synthetic reactions, neurotransmitters and DNA synthesis

36
Q

Causes of folate deficiency include

A

inadequate intake

37
Q

Folate deficiency causes

A

megaloblastic anemia

38
Q

RDA for folate is

A

400 ug/day for adults

600 ug/day for pregnant women

39
Q

Vitamin B9 rich foods include

A 
lentils
kidney beans
broccoli
cauliflower
black beans
romain lettuce
papaya
beets 
spinach 
bok choy
40
Q

Cobalamine B12

A

compounds containing the mineral cobalt

41
Q

Cobalamine functions include:

A

role in folate metabolism
maintenance of the myelin sheath
RBC formation

42
Q

RDA for B12 is

A

2.4 ug/day for adults and the elderly

43
Q

Cobalamine deficiency is

A

pernicious anemia

  • nerve degeneration, weakness
  • paralysis and death
  • usually (95%) due to decreased absorption ability
44
Q

Vitamin B12 rich foods include

A 
almonds 
fish 
crab
cheese
chicken
eggs
red meat
milk
45
Q

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)

A

6 carbon compound closely related to glucose

46
Q

Vitamin C biological roles/functions:

A

=-antioxidants

  • iron absorption (enhances)
  • synthesis of collagen
  • immune functions
  • wound healing
47
Q

Vitamin C deficiency causes

A

scurvy

result from poor diet

48
Q

Scurvy is a severe form of deficiency associated with

A

decreased wound healing
osteoporosis
hemorrhaging
anemia

49
Q

Vitamin C RDA

A

90 mg/day for male adults
75 mg/day for female adults
body is saturated at intake of 200 mg/day

50
Q

Vitamin C rich foods

A 
bell peppers
papaya 
guava 
Indian gooseberry 
broccoli
lemon
kiwi fruit
tomato
stawberries
snow peas
oranges
mangoes

Biochemistry (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions