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OTC > Warts and Footcare > Flashcards

Warts and Footcare Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: presence of warts is a risk factor for developing additional warts

A

T

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2
Q

Warts are caused by…

A

human papillomavirus (HPV)

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3
Q

What 3 criteria must be met to develop a wart?

A
  • virus must be present
  • open avenue must exist
  • immune system has to be susceptible
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4
Q

How can warts spread?

A
  • person to person
  • autoinoculation: you give it to yourself
  • indirect exposure
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5
Q

Signs and symptoms of warts:

A
  • brown
  • rough
  • cauliflower-like appearance
  • pinpoint bleeding
  • rough papules
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6
Q

What does pinpoint bleeding look like?

A

black dots scattered across surface

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7
Q

T/F: warts are not defined by their location

A

F, they are

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8
Q

Common warts (verruca vulgaris) are located on…

A
  • hands
  • single or grouped
  • skin colored/brown/rough
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9
Q

Periungal and subungual warts are located…

A
  • around and underneath nail beds
  • nail biters have this
  • cauliflower like skin around nail plates
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10
Q

Flat warts (verruca plana) are located on…

A
  • face
  • smooth
  • flat topped
  • yellow, brown papules
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11
Q

Venereal warts (condyloma lata and acuminate) are located on…

A
  • genitalia region

- STD

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12
Q

Plantar warts (verruca plantaris) are located on…

A
  • soles of feet
  • skin colored callous like lesions
  • causes pain while walking
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13
Q

Which kinds of warts can you self treat?

A
  • common

- plantar

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14
Q

Which kinds of warts need to be referred?

A
  • periungal and subungual
  • flat
  • venereal
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15
Q

Exclusions to self treatment of warts:

A
  • on face, toenails/fingernails, genitalia
  • extensive warts at one body site
  • painful plantar warts
  • diabetes, peripheral vascular disease
  • physical or mental impairments that make following directions difficult
  • immunosuppressive meds that contraindicate use of salicylic acid
  • < 4 YO
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16
Q

Non-pharmacologic therapy of warts:

A
  • wash hands before and after touching wart area
  • avoid skin to skin contact with infected people
  • don’t probe, poke, or cut wart
  • don’t walk barefoot if wart is on the bottom of foot
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17
Q

Pharmacologic therapy of warts:

A
  • salicylic acid

- cryotherapy

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18
Q

Types of ways to administer salicylic acid:

A
  • plaster vehicle
  • collodion-like vehicle
  • karaya gum-glycol plaster vehicle
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19
Q

After using salicylic acid, patients should notice visible improvement within…

A

1st or 2nd week of treatment

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20
Q

When should you stop self-treating after using salicylic acid?

A

past 12 weeks

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21
Q

What concentrations of salicylic acid are used for common warts?

A

< 17%

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22
Q

What concentrations of salicylic acid are used for plantar warts?

A

above 17% but under 40%

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23
Q

How to apply plasters of salicylic acid (12-40%):

A

trim plaster to follow the contours of the wart

- apply to skin and cover with adhesive tape

24
Q

How to apply pads of salicylic acid (12-40%):

A

apply directly to area and cover with pad

- most are these

25
Q

How to apply collodion vehicle of salicylic acid (17%):

A
  • apply max of BID
  • apply solution one drop at a time
  • wash off solution that touch healthy skin
  • allow solution to harden
  • repeat up to 12 weeks
  • store away from sun or heat
26
Q

How to apply karaya gum-glycol vehicle of salicylic acid (15%):

A
  • apply to wart at HS and leave for 8 H
  • remove and discard in morning
  • repeat every 24 H up to 12 weeks
27
Q

Advantages to topical salicylic acid containing products:

A
  • low cost
  • ease of access
  • few adverse effects
  • reasonable effectiveness
28
Q

Disadvantages to topical salicylic acid containing products:

A
  • need for consistent, frequent application
  • potential for damage to healthy skin surrounding wart
  • duration of treatment needed to see a response
29
Q

Cryotherapy can cause…

A

irritation leading the host to mount an immune response against the virus
- freezes wart tissue

30
Q

Advantages of cryotherapy:

A
  • easy access
  • lower cost
  • one treatment might be enough
31
Q

Disadvantages of cryotherapy:

A
  • pain
  • potential for healthy skin damage surrounding wart
  • may not be as effective as liquid nitrogen
32
Q

T/F: you can’t use cryotherapy and salicylic acid together

A

F

33
Q

Duct tape and warts:

A
  • leave tape for 6 days and then replace

- local irritation can cause stimulation of patient’s immune response

34
Q

Warts are…

A

contagious and can spread to other parts

35
Q

Warts can reappear…

A

months after initial treatment

36
Q

Alleviation of the symptoms will…

A

not occur overnight

37
Q

Wart removal can take from…

A

4-12 weeks

- follow up should be in 4 weeks

38
Q

Refer to MD when warts persist after…

A

12 weeks of self-treatment

39
Q

3 groups of patients who have foot problems:

A
  • children w/ congenital malformation or deformity
  • adolescents who have rapid growth
  • older patients
40
Q

Why does diabetes contribute to foot problems?

A
  • poor circulation
  • peripheral neuropathy
  • poor foot hygiene
41
Q

Why does peripheral vascular disease contribute to foot problems?

A
  • decreased blood flow and poor circulation
  • skin ulcerations
  • cold
  • numbness
42
Q

What medical illnesses contribute to foot problems?

A
  • diabetes
  • peripheral vascular disease
  • arthritis
43
Q

What are corns and calluses?

A

excessive growths of the upper keratinized layer of the skin

  • natural protective mechanism
  • nothing wrong, just not nice looking
44
Q

Corns specifically are…

A

small, raised, sharply demarcated lesions caused by pressure

  • can be hard or soft
  • usually on or between toes
45
Q

Calluses specifically are…

A

diffuse thickening of skin

- forms on joints and weight beating areas (bottom of foot and hands)

46
Q

Non-pharmacologic therapy for corns and calluses:

A
  • daily soak affected area for at least 5 minutes in warm water
  • dead tissue should be removed gently
  • use pad to relieve pressure
  • wear well-fitting, nonbinding footwear
47
Q

Pharmacologic therapy for corns and calluses:

A

salicylic acid

  • plaster/pad vehicle
  • collodion like vehicle
48
Q

Counseling points for corns and calluses:

A
  • OTC products are not recommended for those with diabetes or circulatory problems
  • patient progress should be checked after 2 weeks
49
Q

Bunions are ____ more common in ______

A

10x in females than males

50
Q

T/F: bunions are linked with family history

A

T

51
Q

Treatment of bunions:

A
  • can’t be treated by topical drugs
  • refer
  • routine and chronic use of analgesic is not recommended
  • management of bunion is best thing
52
Q

How to manage a bunion:

A
  • avoid high heels
  • use protective padding
  • take oral analgesics on short-term basis
53
Q

What is the most frequent cause in ingrown toenails?

A

incorrect trimming of nails

54
Q

What is the correct method of cutting toenails?

A
  • cut straight across

- don’t taper ends

55
Q

What is the best way to prevent development of ingrown toenails?

A

education

OTC (23 decks)

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