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otc > Family Planning Methods > Flashcards

Family Planning Methods Flashcards

1
Q

WHO says that family planning allows people to…

A

attain their desired # of children and determine the spacing of pregnancies

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2
Q

Family planning is achieved through the use of ______ and the treatment of ______

A

contraceptive methods, infertility

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3
Q

Benefits of family planning:

A
  • reduces # of unintended pregnancies
  • prevents pregnancy-related health risks
  • reduces infant mortality
  • mitigates spread of STI/HIV
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4
Q

Most common reasons for unintended pregnancies:

A
  • inconsistent/improper use

- discontinuation b/c of side effects

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5
Q

T/F: nearly 1/2 of unintended pregnancies occur among couples who used some form of contraception the month prior to conception

A

T

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6
Q

The role of a pharmacist in family planning is:

A
  • helping pt find appropriate method
  • preconception and interconception care
  • work w/ pt to create reproductive life plan
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7
Q

Optimal birth spacing is about __ - __ from a woman’s last delivery and conception of next pregnancy

A

18-59 months

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8
Q

Some considerations when helping pt choose contraceptive methods:

A
  • effectiveness
  • cost
  • health risks/benefits
  • partner involvement
  • performance
  • prevention of HIV/STI
  • availability
  • pt preference
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9
Q

Goals of contraceptive use:

A
  • prevent STIs
  • prevent unintended pregnancies
  • minimize adverse effects
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10
Q

Effectiveness of contraceptives in unintended pregnancies are measured in 2 ways:

A
  • perfect/optimal/correct use

- typical use

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11
Q

Categories of family planning methods:

A
  • natural methods
  • OTC products
  • Rx products
  • Surgical methods
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12
Q

A woman’s fertile days depend on…

A

life span of egg and sperm

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13
Q

Life span of an egg:

A

day after ovulation

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14
Q

Life span of sperm:

A

lives w/in a woman’s body for about 6 days

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15
Q

A woman has a chance of her egg joining a sperm about _______ every menstrual cycle

A

7 days

  • 5 before ovulation
  • day of ovulation
  • day or 2 after ovulation
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16
Q

Def of abstinence:

A

not having any type of sex w/ partner

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17
Q

Effectiveness of abstinence:

A
  • optimal: 100%
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18
Q

Def of periodic abstinence:

A

Limit intercourse during times of highest female fertility

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19
Q

How periodic abstinence works:

A
  • track 8 ovulation cycles

- calculate which days are likely to be fertile days and avoid them

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20
Q

Effectiveness of periodic abstinence:

A

typical: 75%

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21
Q

Women with cycles shorter than __ days should not use this method

A

27

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22
Q

Examples of natural methods:

A
  • abstinence
  • periodic abstinence
  • standard days method
  • cervical mucous method
  • basal body temperature method
  • symptothermal method
  • withdrawal method
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23
Q

Description of standard days method:

A

women moves rubber marker over each bead on daily basis

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24
Q

Standard days method identifies…

A

fixed fertile days for women with 26-32 day cycles

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25
Q

A woman can use standard days method if she has…

A
  • regular cycles

- cycle is never shorter than 26 days, but never longer than 32 days

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26
Q

Effectiveness of standard days method:

A
  • optimal: 95%
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27
Q

How to do the basal body temp method:

A

pt measures basal body temp on daily basis

- ovulation results in 1 degree F temp increase

28
Q

Effectiveness of basal body temp method:

A

typical: 75%

29
Q

Natural cycles is the first…

A

FDA approved app for contraception

30
Q

What is the symptothermal method?

A

combines temp, cervical mucous, and calendar methods

31
Q

How symptothermal method works:

A

signs of each method should confirm each other

32
Q

Effectiveness of symptothermal method:

A

optimal: > 99%

33
Q

Def of withdrawal/pull out method:

A

man pulls penis out before ejaculation

34
Q

Effectiveness of withdrawal/pull out method:

A
  • optimal: 96%

- typical: 73%

35
Q

Withdrawal/pull out method is less effective under the influence of…

A

drugs and alcohol

36
Q

Examples of OTC products:

A
  • condoms (male and female)
  • spermicide
  • sponge w/ spermicide
  • emergency contraception
37
Q

Effectiveness of male condom:

A
  • optimal: 98%

- typical: 85%

38
Q

You should ask about ____ when counseling pt on condoms

A

allergies

- if one is allergic to latex, should use polyurethane, polyisoprene, or animal membrane

39
Q

What kind of lubricant should be used w/ latex or polyisoprene condoms?

A

water based

40
Q

What kind of lubricant should be used w/ polyurethane condoms?

A

oil based

41
Q

Condoms prevent the spread of…

A

HIV and STIs

42
Q

Condoms are more effective when used w/…

A

spermicide

43
Q

Effectiveness of female condom:

A
  • optimal: 95%

- typical: 75%

44
Q

Female condom can be inserted up to ______ before intercourse

A

8 hours

45
Q

T/F: you can use female and male condoms at the same time

A

F, only use one

46
Q

Female condoms are made of…

A

polyurethane or nitrile

- can use either based lubricants

47
Q

Description of spermicide:

A

foam, gel, cream, film, or tablet that’s inserted deep into vagina

48
Q

Spermicide works by…

A
  • immobilizing sperm

- insert 5-60 minutes before sex

49
Q

Effectiveness of spermicide:

A
  • optimal: 85%

- typical: 71%

50
Q

How to insert spermicide:

A

should squat/lie down

51
Q

Nonoxynol-9:

A
  • most commonly used spermicide in US

- can irritate tissue if used too often in a day

52
Q

Description of sponge w/ spermicide:

A

disk shaped polyurethane device w/ spermicide nonoxynol-9

53
Q

How to use sponge w/ spermicide:

A
  • place in vagina up to 6 hours before sex
  • will protect up to 24 hrs
  • have to leave it in for 6 hrs
54
Q

Effectiveness of sponge w/ spermicide if pt hasn’t given birth yet:

A
  • optimal: 91%

- typical: 88%

55
Q

Effectiveness of sponge w/ spermicide if pt has given birth:

A
  • optimal: 80%

- typical: 76%

56
Q

Don’t use sponge if…

A
  • allergic to sulfa drugs/polyurethrane/spermicide
  • recent abortion/childbirth/miscarriage
  • have reproductive tract infection
  • vaginal bleeding
  • history of TSS
57
Q

Example of emergency contraception:

A
  • levonorgestrel
58
Q

How emergency contraception works:

A

stops release of egg from ovary

- should take asap

59
Q

Effectiveness of emergency contraception:

A

89% effective when taken w/in 72 hours

60
Q

Brands of emergency contraception:

A
  • Plan B One Step
  • my way
  • next choice one dose
61
Q

Emergency contraception may be less effective for women w/ BMI over…

A

25

62
Q

Emergency contraception may not be effective for women w/ BMI over…

A

30

63
Q

Adverse effects of emergency contraception:

A
  • heavier menstrual bleeding
  • nausea
  • lower abdominal pain
  • fatigue
  • headache
  • dizziness
64
Q

T/F: emergency contraception does terminate viable pregnancy

A

F

65
Q

Patient should be informed of 3 monitoring parameters when taking emergency contraception:

A
  • vomiting occurs w/in 2 hours = should take another dose
  • take pregnancy test is menses is delayed more than one week
  • get pelvic exam if abdominal pain occurs a few weeks after EC
66
Q

Effectiveness of emergency contraception can be decreased by medications that…

A

are inducers of enzymes

67
Q

6 states have conscientious objection for pharmacists:

A
  • Arizona
  • Arkansas
  • Georgia
  • Idaho
  • Mississippi
  • South Dakota

otc (23 decks)

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