Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology Exam 2 > W3 L8. Oral Hypoglycemic Agents > Flashcards

W3 L8. Oral Hypoglycemic Agents Flashcards

1
Q

Pramlintide

A

Amylin analogue - sc

Inhibits glucagon
Slows gastric emptying
Satiety

Dec insulin dose

Weight loss!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Exenatide

A

GLP 1 R agonists - sc

Resistant to DPP-4 breakdown!

Inhibits glucagon
Slows gastric emptying
Satiety
Inc insulin, beta cell proliferation

SE: pancreatitis, thyroid C cell tumor

CI: medullary thyroid carcinoma
Multiple endocrine neoplasia

2 weeks

Weight loss!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Albiglutide

A

GLP 1 R agonists - sc

Resistant to DPP-4 breakdown!

Inhibits glucagon
Slows gastric emptying
Satiety
Inc insulin, beta cell proliferation

SE: pancreatitis, thyroid C cell tumor

CI: medullary thyroid carcinoma
Multiple endocrine neoplasia

3 - 5 days

Weight loss!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Dulaglutide

A

GLP 1 R agonists - sc

Resistant to DPP-4 breakdown!

Inhibits glucagon
Slows gastric emptying
Satiety
Inc insulin, beta cell proliferation

SE: pancreatitis, thyroid C cell tumor

CI: medullary thyroid carcinoma
Multiple endocrine neoplasia

1 - 3 days

Weight loss!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sitagliptin

A

DPP - 4 inhibitors

Increase GLP - 1

Not as potent as GLP - 1 agonist
No satiety

SE: headache,
nasopharyngitis, upper resp infection

No weight loss!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Saxagliptin

A

DPP - 4 inhibitors

Increase GLP - 1

Not as potent as GLP - 1 agonist
No satiety

SE: headache,
nasopharyngitis, upper resp infection

Inc risk of HF (1 of 2)

No weight loss!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Alogliptin

A

DPP - 4 inhibitors

Increase GLP - 1

Not as potent as GLP - 1 agonist
No satiety

SE: headache,
nasopharyngitis, upper resp infection

Inc risk of HF (1 of 2)

No weight loss!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Glyburide

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd gen)

ATP sens K+ channel inhibitors

Secretagogues: inc insulin secretion

12 - 24 hrs

Weight GAIN!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Glipizide

A

Sulfonylurea (2nd gen)

ATP sens K+ channel inhibitors

Secretagogues: inc insulin secretion

12 - 24 hrs

Weight GAIN!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chloropropamide

A

Sulfonylurea (1st gen)

ATP sens K+ channel inhibitors

Secretagogues: inc insulin secretion

12 - 24 hrs

Long duration, CVD risk, less potent

Weight GAIN!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nateglinide

A

Non sulfonylurea

ATP sens K+ channel inhibitors

Secretagogues: inc insulin secretion

4 hrs (ROSA)

Weight GAIN!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Repaglinide

A

Non sulfonylurea

ATP sens K+ channel inhibitors

Secretagogues: inc insulin secretion

4 hrs (ROSA)

Weight GAIN!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Metformin

A

Biguanide

Insulin sensitizer:
Dec gluconeogenesis
Inc glucose utilization
Preventative (T2D)

Activates AMPK:
(Hepato) inc insulin sens
Inhibits mGPD:
Dec lactate to pyruvate
(Glycerol to glucose)

Slows abs glucose
Lipid lowering

SE: flatulence
CI: lactic acidosis, CHF, hypotension, shock, severe liver disease

Weight loss!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Pioglitazone

A

Thiazoledinediones (TZDs)

Insulin sensitizer:
Dec gluconeogenesis
Inc glucose utilization
Preventative (T2D)

Activates PPAR gamma:
Inc sens in muscle, liver and fat

Can activate PPAR alpha:
Lipid lowering!

SE: fluid retention
CI: chronic heart failure (fluid retention can inc load)

May inc Triglycerides!
Weight GAIN!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rosiglitazone

A

Thiazoledinediones (TZDs)

Insulin sensitizer:
Dec gluconeogenesis
Inc glucose utilization
Preventative (T2D)

Activates PPAR gamma:
Inc sens in muscle, liver and fat

Can activate PPAR alpha:
Lipid lowering!

SE: fluid retention
CI: chronic heart failure (fluid retention can inc load)

May inc Triglycerides!
Weight GAIN!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Arcabose

A

Alpha glucosidase inhibitor

Inhibits glucose absorption in GI
Take w/ first bite of meal

ROSA

SE: flatulence
CI: patients w/ IBD, colon ulcer, intestinal obstruction

Weight loss!?

17
Q

Miglitol

A

Alpha glucosidase inhibitor

Inhibits glucose absorption in GI
Take w/ first bite of meal

ROSA

SE: flatulence
CI: patients w/ IBD, colon ulcer, intestinal obstruction

Weight loss!?

18
Q

Canagliflozin

A

SGLT - 2 inhibitors

Inhibit glucose reabsorption in kidneys

Reduces BP (can use in CHF)
Low risk of hypoglycemia

SE: UTI, genital infections (females)
Ketoacidosis!

Weight loss!

19
Q

Dapagliflozin

A

SGLT - 2 inhibitors

Inhibit glucose reabsorption in kidneys

Reduces BP (can use in CHF)
Low risk of hypoglycemia

SE: UTI, genital infections (females)
Ketoacidosis!

Weight loss!

20
Q

Which oral hypoglycemic drugs cause weight gain? (3)

A

Sulfonylureas
Non sulfonylureas
TZDs

21
Q

Which oral hypoglycemic agent causes no change in weight?

A

DPP4 inhibitors

Pharmacology Exam 2 (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions