W3 L4. Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Furosemide

A

Loop diuretic

Inhibits na+/k+/2cl-
Inc urine volume and ca2+ excretion

SE: hypo (NKMC) and inc uric acid
Same GFR, OTOTOXIC

Use: IV -> emergency

Note: excreted at OAT
Sulfonamide derivative!

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2
Q

Torsemide

A

Loop diuretic

Inhibits na+/k+/2cl-
Inc urine volume and ca2+ excretion

SE: hypo (NKMC) and inc uric acid
Same GFR, OTOTOXIC

Use: IV -> emergency

Note: excreted at OAT
Sulfonamide derivative!

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3
Q

Bumetamide

A

Loop diuretic

Inhibits na+/k+/2cl-
Inc urine volume and ca2+ excretion

SE: hypo (NKMC) and inc uric acid
Same GFR, OTOTOXIC

Use: IV -> emergency

Note: excreted at OAT
Sulfonamide derivative!

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4
Q

Ethacrynic acid

A

Loop diuretic

Inhibits na+/k+/2cl-
Inc urine volume and ca2+ excretion

SE: hypo (NKMC) and inc uric acid
Same GFR, OTOTOXIC

Use: IV -> emergency

Note: excreted at OAT

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5
Q

Chlorothiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic

Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion

SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR

Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)

Sulfonamide derivative!

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6
Q

Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Thiazide diuretic

Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion

SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR

Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)

Sulfonamide derivative!

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7
Q

Chlorthalidone

A

Thiazide diuretic

Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion

SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR

Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)

Thiazide like

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8
Q

Indapamide

A

Thiazide diuretic

Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion

SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR

Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)

Thiazide like

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9
Q

Metolazone

A

Thiazide diuretic

Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion

SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR

Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)

Thiazide like

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10
Q

Spironolactone

A

Potassium sparing diuretic

Inhibits aldosterone receptor

SE: Gynecomastia

Use: hypokalemia (+ thiazide/ loop diuretic), edema, resistant hypertension

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11
Q

Eplerenone

A

Potassium sparing diuretic

Inhibits aldosterone receptor

SE: Gynecomastia

Use: hypokalemia (+ thiazide/ loop diuretic), edema, resistant hypertension

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12
Q

Triamterene

A

Potassium sparing diuretic

Inhibits sodium channels

SE: dec sodium and inc potassium

Use: hypokalemia (+thiazide/ loop diuretics)

Do not change urine volume!

(Not used for hypotension?)

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13
Q

Amiloride

A

Potassium sparing diuretic

Inhibits sodium channels

SE: dec sodium and inc potassium

Use: hypokalemia (+thiazide/ loop diuretics)

Do not change urine volume!

(Not used for hypotension?)

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14
Q

-zolamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

Treat altitude sickness and Glaucoma
SE: acidosis

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15
Q

Which drug causes ototoxicity?

A

Loop diuretics

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16
Q

Which diuretic decreases GFR?

A

Thiazide diuretics

17
Q

Which diuretic causes gynecomastia?

A

K sparing diuretics - spironolactone

18
Q

Which diuretic is first line for hypertension?

A

Thiazide diuretics

19
Q

Which diuretic is used to treat hypercalciuria?

A

Thiazide diuretic

20
Q

Which diuretic decreases GFR (and is therefore CI in renal disease?)

A

Thiazide

21
Q

Which diuretics are used for Hypokalemia?

A

K sparing diuretics

22
Q

Which diuretic causes vasodilation?

A

Thiazide diuretics