W3 L4. Diuretics Flashcards
Furosemide
Loop diuretic
Inhibits na+/k+/2cl-
Inc urine volume and ca2+ excretion
SE: hypo (NKMC) and inc uric acid
Same GFR, OTOTOXIC
Use: IV -> emergency
Note: excreted at OAT
Sulfonamide derivative!
Torsemide
Loop diuretic
Inhibits na+/k+/2cl-
Inc urine volume and ca2+ excretion
SE: hypo (NKMC) and inc uric acid
Same GFR, OTOTOXIC
Use: IV -> emergency
Note: excreted at OAT
Sulfonamide derivative!
Bumetamide
Loop diuretic
Inhibits na+/k+/2cl-
Inc urine volume and ca2+ excretion
SE: hypo (NKMC) and inc uric acid
Same GFR, OTOTOXIC
Use: IV -> emergency
Note: excreted at OAT
Sulfonamide derivative!
Ethacrynic acid
Loop diuretic
Inhibits na+/k+/2cl-
Inc urine volume and ca2+ excretion
SE: hypo (NKMC) and inc uric acid
Same GFR, OTOTOXIC
Use: IV -> emergency
Note: excreted at OAT
Chlorothiazide
Thiazide diuretic
Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion
SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR
Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)
Sulfonamide derivative!
Hydrochlorothiazide
Thiazide diuretic
Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion
SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR
Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)
Sulfonamide derivative!
Chlorthalidone
Thiazide diuretic
Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion
SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR
Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)
Thiazide like
Indapamide
Thiazide diuretic
Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion
SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR
Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)
Thiazide like
Metolazone
Thiazide diuretic
Inhibits na+/cl-
Inc urine volume and DEC ca2+ excretion
SE: hypo (NKM) and hyper (CU)
Dec GFR
Use: hypertension, edema and hypercalcemia (urinary calcium oxalate stone)
Thiazide like
Spironolactone
Potassium sparing diuretic
Inhibits aldosterone receptor
SE: Gynecomastia
Use: hypokalemia (+ thiazide/ loop diuretic), edema, resistant hypertension
Eplerenone
Potassium sparing diuretic
Inhibits aldosterone receptor
SE: Gynecomastia
Use: hypokalemia (+ thiazide/ loop diuretic), edema, resistant hypertension
Triamterene
Potassium sparing diuretic
Inhibits sodium channels
SE: dec sodium and inc potassium
Use: hypokalemia (+thiazide/ loop diuretics)
Do not change urine volume!
(Not used for hypotension?)
Amiloride
Potassium sparing diuretic
Inhibits sodium channels
SE: dec sodium and inc potassium
Use: hypokalemia (+thiazide/ loop diuretics)
Do not change urine volume!
(Not used for hypotension?)
-zolamide
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
Treat altitude sickness and Glaucoma
SE: acidosis
Which drug causes ototoxicity?
Loop diuretics
Which diuretic decreases GFR?
Thiazide diuretics
Which diuretic causes gynecomastia?
K sparing diuretics - spironolactone
Which diuretic is first line for hypertension?
Thiazide diuretics
Which diuretic is used to treat hypercalciuria?
Thiazide diuretic
Which diuretic decreases GFR (and is therefore CI in renal disease?)
Thiazide
Which diuretics are used for Hypokalemia?
K sparing diuretics
Which diuretic causes vasodilation?
Thiazide diuretics
