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201 patient services > W2 safe blood collection > Flashcards

W2 safe blood collection Flashcards

1
Q

ets

A

evacuated tube system

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2
Q

how to identify yourself to patient

A

good morning from the lab and I’m here to collect some blood, i am a student

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3
Q

how to verify patients identity

A
  • “please state and spell your first and last name”
    check off on requisition if correct
    “what is your date of birth”
    check off on requisition if correct. and then finally compare PHN numbers and also check this off if it is correct.
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4
Q

fasting for testing

A

patient in basal state known as resting metabolic state 12 hours after last meal and no longer 16 hours (they might die)
only water and drugs
STATE ON REQUISITON WHETHER OR NO PATIENT HAS BEEN FASTING, you may not be able to perform test.
detects disorders like diabetes mellitus
lipid profile

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5
Q

time test

A

relates to medication
changes in blood levels
tracking effectiveness of treatment.

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6
Q

gtt why it is timed

A

diagnosis in diabetes mellitus and requires fasting, the fasting specimen collected first then the patient consumes a sugary substances and the blood test is taken at intervals

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7
Q

Procedural outline for GTT

A
  • fast 8-12 hrs only water and prescription
  • fasting tube collected and glucose tested using poc-check reference values
  • patient given standard glucose load (carbonated beverage)
  • test is timed-when patient starts drink
  • blood specimen collected at regular intervals
  • blood specimens collected at regular intervals
  • water intake encouraged
  • no gum it stimulates digestive process
  • no smoking
  • vomit, stoppit
  • if first specimen is taken with venipuncture then all others are same with any other type of test
  • note missed collections
  • labels should contain all info
  • store specimens properly
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8
Q

gestational diabetes screen-procedural outline

A

screen pregnant women 24-28 week to see if diabetic
1. 50 gram glucose drink
2.1 hour collect a blood sample and urine sometimes
if positive for gestational diabetes or at request of doctor
1. collect a fasting blood specimen
2.okay

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9
Q

TDM

A

therapeutic drug monitoring
drugs have small margin of safety level in body– between therapeutic(they will actually help) and toxic levels(IT, WILL KILL.8)
you measure PEAK-max level of drug in blood 15-30 mins after administration
you measure TROUGH-lowest level of concentration in blood just before next dose
make sure to collect at proper time
** state on requisition and specimen when you took it
** record time of patients last dose on requisiiton

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10
Q

what happens in long-term therapy to drug levels

A

rise progressively until equilibrium reached between dose administered and amount eliminated this is called steady state

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11
Q

transfusion medicine testing

A

SCREEN AND TYPE done on all patients getting blood transfusion
plasma screened for antibodies that may cause complication
includes cross match to see that patient and donor compatible

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12
Q

T&S cross match patient identification procedure

A
  1. identify patient-
    check armband against requisition
    -identity must be verified by two individuals, a registered nurse and the collector
    -both individuals must check off the information on the hospital ID
    -child or confused they must have an adult sign the requisition
  2. draw blood, two 6ml lavender top edta tubes
  3. label tube place blood bank collection identification sticker on tubes and armband
  4. complete paperwork make sure requisition has blood bank identification number and sign your name
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13
Q

tips for finding veins

A

they have a rebound sensation , make a mental image of the vein so what its position is and the relationship to a scar mole or hair
if you can’t find a vein, while tourniquet is on, lower arm, gentle massage from wrist to elbow apple a warm cloth or rotate hand and wrist

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14
Q

where else can you take blood from

A

hand, dorsal side -visibility and accessible
draw small tubes
butterfly needle or syringe
butterfly need angle of insertion 10 degrees or less
if you wanna do the foot you need permission and do not do diabetic or thrombophlebitis patients

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15
Q

procedure for evacuated tube system– preparing to inject patient

A
  1. prepare site
    - clean site
    - if you must repalpate, clean finger
  2. assemble equipment
    - alcohol wipes
    - cotton ball
    - tape
    - vacutainer need and holders
    * * place within reach, not on bed, grab extras CHECK LOCATION OF SHARPS
  3. assemble needle
  4. select all tubes and place IN ORDER OF DRAW
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16
Q

venipuncture technique

A
  1. reapply tourniquet
  2. repalpate if necessary
  3. inspect needle
  4. diret patient to close their hand
  5. anchor vein
    - use left hand, place thumb 5 cm below where your puncture site will be and pull skin tight and away from the centre of your arm
  6. hold needle properly
  7. ensure bevel up
  8. tell patient to take a deep breath
  9. insert at less than 30 degrees but above 15
    - you will feel resistance followed by a given or decrease in resistance.
  10. push tube into cap
    - stabilixe holds with one hand by resting fingers or patients arm
    - use other hand to push tube in and watch needle to make sure it doesn’t move.
  11. ask if patient okay
  12. release tourniquet once blood flow established and patient can relax hand
  13. fill tubes
    - remove tube push thumb of tube hand against wing and pull out tube with other fingers
    - invert tube as you put down.
    - put new tube in
17
Q

what to do if blood isn’t flowing

A 
make sure tube is in properly
change position 
rancher vein, pull or push back
check tourniquet 
try a new tube 
rotate needle
18
Q

what to do if needle beside vein

A

release tube to save vacuum
pull needle back until it is just under the skin
anchor vein well and insert needle in vein

19
Q

what to do if vacuum is collapsed

A

slightly tighten or twist tourniquet

put in tube with less suction

20
Q

don’t probe needle left or right

A

thats probing and it can cause damage

21
Q

what to do once venipuncture completion

A
  1. disengage vacuum tube
  2. withdraw needle
    - put cotton ball or quake in front of need
    - quickly remove needle
    - IMMEDIATELY ENGAGE SAFETY DEVICE
  3. discard in shapes
  4. wipe tube
  5. mix by inversion 8-10 times
  6. label tubes check again patient info and the stuff u write down date time initials

201 patient services (27 decks)

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