w/c 22/04 Flashcards

1
Q

what BP are pregnant women admitted for hypertension?

A

> 160/110mmHg

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2
Q

what fractures are associated with NAI?

A

humerus
radial
femoral

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3
Q

what are some common paediatric fractures not associated with NAI?

A

distal radial
elbow
clavicular
tibial

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4
Q

how would a dermoid cyst appear on examination and imaging?

A

above the hyoid bone
on US:
multiloculated
heterogenous

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5
Q

how would a cystic hygroma appear on examination?

A

soft
transilluminates
located in posterior triangle mainly

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6
Q

how would a branchial cyst appear on examination and imaging?

A

smooth
anterior triangle
on US:
fluid filled
anechoic

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7
Q

what is conversion disorder?

A

a functional neurological disorder that involves loss of motor or sensory function

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8
Q

what thyroid condition is associated with downs syndrome?

A

hypothyroidism

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9
Q

what is advice regarding vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy?

A

take supplements

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10
Q

in pregnancy what causes a raised AFP?

A

neural tube defects

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11
Q

in pregnancy what causes a reduced AFP?

A

down’s syndrome

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12
Q

whats the peak incidence for bronchiolitis?

A

3-6 months

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13
Q

how is pertussis diagnosed?

A

per nasal swab

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14
Q

what conditions should you not perform an airway examination in due to risk of obstruction?

A

croup
acute epiglottitis

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15
Q

at what age is a non retractible foreskin normal?

A

under 2

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16
Q

when should you give aciclovir in pregnancy after exposure?

A

7-14 days after exposure not immediately

17
Q

what is used for endometriosis when NSAIDs/COCP have been trialled?

A

GnRH analogues

18
Q

what hormone change in pregnancy causes fibroids to grow?

A

rise in oestrogen

19
Q

what is seen on echo in PDA?

A

LV enlargement
shunting between 2 of the great vessels

20
Q

what resp rate is a paediatric red flag?

21
Q

what temp is a paediatric red flag?

A

<3 months, >38

22
Q

what resp signs are paediatric red flags?

A

grunting
moderate or severe chest indrawing
tachypnoea >60bpm

23
Q

what is the normal fundal growth rate during pregnancy?

A

2cm per week until 24 weeks
1cm per week thereafter

24
Q

in what types of incontinence is bladder retraining vs pelvic floor exercises first line mx?

A

bladder retraining is for urge incontinence
pelvic floor exercise is for stress incontinence

25
in what types of incontinence is oxybutynin vs duloxetine second line mx?
oxybutynin= urge incontinence duloxetine= stress incontinence
26
how can you differentiate croup and whooping cough from bronchiolitis?
they are URTI on examination and lower lung findings eg crackles at base would make bronchiolitis more likely
27
what does precocious puberty with small testes size indicate
adrenal hyperplasia
28
how might you find a diaphragmatic hernia on examination?
bowel sounds present when auscultating the heart (tinkling)
29
what is expectant management in an ectopic
doing nothing note: medical management is methotrexate
30
what instrument has best outcomes for assisted delivery in an OP foetus?
keillands forceps
31
whats the difference between and complete and missed miscarriage?
complete= no foetal contents in uterus missed= foetus dead but in uterus
32
what does pulse does PDA result in?
collapsing
33
at what age are all children with a limp referred for urgent assessment and why
under 3 years septic arthritis is much more common than transient synovitis and needs to be ruled out with more than just bloods eg joint aspirate
34
what drugs cause anterograde amnesia?
benzos
35