w/c 22/04 Flashcards
what BP are pregnant women admitted for hypertension?
> 160/110mmHg
what fractures are associated with NAI?
humerus
radial
femoral
what are some common paediatric fractures not associated with NAI?
distal radial
elbow
clavicular
tibial
how would a dermoid cyst appear on examination and imaging?
above the hyoid bone
on US:
multiloculated
heterogenous
how would a cystic hygroma appear on examination?
soft
transilluminates
located in posterior triangle mainly
how would a branchial cyst appear on examination and imaging?
smooth
anterior triangle
on US:
fluid filled
anechoic
what is conversion disorder?
a functional neurological disorder that involves loss of motor or sensory function
what thyroid condition is associated with downs syndrome?
hypothyroidism
what is advice regarding vitamin D supplementation in pregnancy?
take supplements
in pregnancy what causes a raised AFP?
neural tube defects
in pregnancy what causes a reduced AFP?
down’s syndrome
whats the peak incidence for bronchiolitis?
3-6 months
how is pertussis diagnosed?
per nasal swab
what conditions should you not perform an airway examination in due to risk of obstruction?
croup
acute epiglottitis
at what age is a non retractible foreskin normal?
under 2
when should you give aciclovir in pregnancy after exposure?
7-14 days after exposure not immediately
what is used for endometriosis when NSAIDs/COCP have been trialled?
GnRH analogues
what hormone change in pregnancy causes fibroids to grow?
rise in oestrogen
what is seen on echo in PDA?
LV enlargement
shunting between 2 of the great vessels
what resp rate is a paediatric red flag?
> 60 bpm
what temp is a paediatric red flag?
<3 months, >38
what resp signs are paediatric red flags?
grunting
moderate or severe chest indrawing
tachypnoea >60bpm
what is the normal fundal growth rate during pregnancy?
2cm per week until 24 weeks
1cm per week thereafter
in what types of incontinence is bladder retraining vs pelvic floor exercises first line mx?
bladder retraining is for urge incontinence
pelvic floor exercise is for stress incontinence
in what types of incontinence is oxybutynin vs duloxetine second line mx?
oxybutynin= urge incontinence
duloxetine= stress incontinence
how can you differentiate croup and whooping cough from bronchiolitis?
they are URTI
on examination and lower lung findings eg crackles at base would make bronchiolitis more likely
what does precocious puberty with small testes size indicate
adrenal hyperplasia
how might you find a diaphragmatic hernia on examination?
bowel sounds present when auscultating the heart (tinkling)
what is expectant management in an ectopic
doing nothing
note: medical management is methotrexate
what instrument has best outcomes for assisted delivery in an OP foetus?
keillands forceps
whats the difference between and complete and missed miscarriage?
complete= no foetal contents in uterus
missed= foetus dead but in uterus
what does pulse does PDA result in?
collapsing
at what age are all children with a limp referred for urgent assessment and why
under 3 years
septic arthritis is much more common than transient synovitis and needs to be ruled out with more than just bloods eg joint aspirate
what drugs cause anterograde amnesia?
benzos
