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w/c 04/03 Flashcards

1
Q

what is an absolute contraindication to ECV?

A

antepartum haemorrhage in past 7 days

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2
Q

whats is capgras vs cotards delusion

A

capgras= close people/self have been replaced by clones (cap=captured=captured and replaced)
cotards= rotting inside

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3
Q

what antiepileptic is best during pregnancy?

A

lamotrigine

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4
Q

what does herpes simplex virus present as?

A

painful vesicular lesions around the vagina

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5
Q

how is HSV infection in pregnancy managed?

A

oral aciclovir
c section if infection within 6 weeks of delivery to avoid transmission to baby

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6
Q

how often are blood tests needed in severe pre eclampsia?

A

3 times a week

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7
Q

how is hand foot and mouth disease managed?

A

supportive
ensure fluid intake and paracetamol if needed

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8
Q

what criteria is used to assess for septic arthritis?

A

kocher

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9
Q

how does threadworm present?

A

vulval/genital/anal itching worse at night with no abnormalities on examination

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10
Q

how is threadworm managed?

A

oral mebenazole
hygiene measures for house

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11
Q

for how long after birth should the COCP be avoided?

A

6 weeks
also if the women is breastfeeding

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12
Q

how long after birth should insertion of an IUS be avoided?

A

6 weeks

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13
Q

when can lactational amenorrhoea be used as contraception?

A

complete amenorrhoea
fully breastfeeding
for 6 weeks after giving birth

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14
Q

when does ovarian cyst rupture pain start?

A

usually during physical activity eg sexual intercourse or sports

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15
Q

what is likely diagnosis if bHCG continues to rise after management for a molar prganancy?

A

choriocarcinoma

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16
Q

what abx are given for PID?

A

oral doxy
oral metronidazole
IM ceftriaxone

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17
Q

what ix confirms diagnosis of hirschsprungs disease?

A

rectal biopsy

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18
Q

how do you differentiate OCD and obsessive compulsive personality disorder?

A

OCD= not pleasurable
obsessive compulsive personality disorder= patient derives pleasure from their actions and are happy to do them

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19
Q

what organisms commonly cause impetigo?

A

staph aureus
strep pyogenes

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20
Q

what are complications of orbital cellulitis?

A

blindness
meningitis
sepsis

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21
Q

what is alpha synuclein associated with?

A

Parkinsons and lewy bosy dementia
found in substantia nigra

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22
Q

what is seen on histopathology in alzheimers?

A

beta amyloid plaques
neurofibrillary triangles made of tau protien

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23
Q

at what age should a child have hand preference? why might it be concerning if this is abnormal

A

2 years
before this can indicate cerebral palsy

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24
Q

what is the most accurate ix for bacterial sepsis?

A

procalcitonin

25
how do you identify fibroids on examination?
firm, irregular, enlarged uterus
26
how does nisseria meningitides stain on gram stain?
gram negative diplococci
27
how does listeria stain on gram stain?
gram positive rods
28
what are some rf for ovarian cancer?
HRT >5yrs increasing age endometriosis
29
how is metastatic ovarian cancer mx?
surgery aiming to remove macroscopic disease, then chemotherapy radiotherapy is not commonly used, usually after surgery and chemo if the cancer comes back
30
what is normal foetal head position in labour?
occiput anterior
31
what happens in normal labour after delivery of the foetal head?
external rotation of the foetus shoulder is in antero posterior position anterior shoulder can be delivered
32
whats the success rate of ECV?
around 50%
33
whats an absolute indication to VBAC?
classic c section scar (vertical)
34
when is booking appt, dating and anomaly scan performed?
booking= 6-8 weeks dating= 10-13+6 weeks anomaly= 18-20 +6 weeks
35
whats is the aim of the dating scan?
to date the pregnancy to rule out multiple pregnancy
36
how do you differentiate bartholins cyst vs abscess?
cyst= mass palpable, not painful, no systemic illness abscess= mass palpable, painful, systematic illness
37
how is the squat test performed?
patient is asked to stand up from a squatting position without using their hands
38
what is first line abx for acute tonsilitis?
phenoxymethylpenicillin if allergic= macrolide
39
if a patient declines voluntary admission, what section of the MHA is used to detain them while awaiting assessment?
2
40
if a patient accepts voluntary admission, what section of the MHA is used to detain them while awaiting assessment?
section 5(2)
41
whats the diff between section 5(2) and 2
2= for non voluntary admissions, lasts up to 28 days 5(2)= for voluntary admissions while awaiting assessment, lasts 72 hrs
42
what enzyme does CF affect? what does this result in
lipase steatorrhoea and vit A/D/E/K deficiency
43
what are sx of ovarain hyperstimulation syndrome?
abdo discomfort weight gain N+V fluid retention
44
what are consequences of oligohydramnios?
fetal lung hypoplasia fetal clubbed feet fetal congenital hip dysplasia
45
how would dx recognise oligohydramnios?
exam= prominent fetal parts, low SFH US= low amniotic fluid index
46
how is oligohydramnios managed?
monitoring and referral maternal fluid resus amniotic saline infusion delivery if foetal distress
47
when should instrumental delivery be abandoned? what should be performed after?
after 3 unsuccessful pulls convert to a lower segment c section
48
what are some indications for elective c section?
previous c section multiple pregnancy placenta praevia vasa praevia uncontrolled HIV
49
what are complications of c section
surgery risks: infection, bleeding, pain, damage to surrounding structures to mum: PPH, VTE, future= repeat c section, placenta praevia, uterine rupture to baby= transient tachyponoea of newborn, aspiration pneumonia, lacerations during delivery
50
what are trisomy 21, 18 and 13
21= downs 18= edwards 13= pataus
51
what are features of edwards and patuas syndrome at birth
edwards= 'ocker-bottom' feet, low birthweight, prominent occiput, small mouth and chin, shortened sternum and flexed overlapping fingers pataus= microcephaly, micropthalmia, polydactyly, low set ears and congenital heart disease
52
what complication should you think of when assessing for PID?
fits hugh curtis syndrome= perihepatitis (inflammation of liver capsule and peritoneum)
53
when is membrane sweep for IOL offered?
between 41-42 weeks GA
54
what syndrome arises due to oligohydramnios? describe it?
potter syndrome flattened nose, recessed chin, low-set ears (fetal squashing), and the presence of respiratory distress due to pulmonary hypoplasia assoc with renal angenesis
55
what is venlaflaxine? what monitoring does it require?
SNRI (3rd line antidepressant/ anxiety medication) requires BP monitoring as it causes hypertension contraindicated in uncontrolled htn
56
what is the difference between panic disorder and acute stress reaction?
panic disorder= not related to one thing/comes on randomly acute stress reaction= clear trigger, <1month of sx
57
whats the moa of sodium valproate?
blocks voltage gated na channels to supress neuronal firing also inhibits CYP hepatic enzymes
58
what are side effects of valproate and how do you rememeber them?
VALPROATE: Vomiting Alopecia Liver toxicity Pancreatitis/Pancytopenia Retention of fats (ie. weight gain) Oedema Anorexia Tremor Enzyme inhibition
59
what does cervical motion tenderness indicate?
PID

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