w/c 03/06 Flashcards
how to give clomiphene to a woman
if regular cycles= start on day 2 of period and take for 5 days
if irregular cycles= progesterone for 10 days to induce withdrawal bleed then start on day 2 of period and take for 5 days
white staining after acetic acid on colposcopy indicates what
abnormal nuclear: protein ratio within cells
for a diagnosis of gestational hypertension how many times does BP measured need to be high and how far apart
twice
4 hrs apart
short cervix during pregnancy is defined as
<25mm at 16-24weeks GA
prophylaxis for short cervix
cervical cerclage or vaginal progesterone
macrocephaly with short arms and feet
achondroplasia
movicol full name
polyethylene glycol
mumps school exclusion
5 days from onset of parotitis
features of candida infection in nappy rash
widespread
demarcated scaly border
satellite lesions
how to manage nappy rash with candida infection
avoid barrier protection
clotrimazole cream
2 differentials for kidney injury following viral illness and how to differenitate them
post strep glomerulonephritis- presents weeks after illness
iga nephropathy- presents days after illness
best way to diagnose asthma
FEV1
FVC in asthma
normal
anti phospholipid syndrome medications
low dose aspirin
low dose molecular weight heparin
how does the IUS act as a contraceptive
thickens cervical mucus plug
thinning of endometrial lining
reduces sperm survival
which contraceptives inhibit ovulation
ones that contain oestrogen and progesterone
if only progesterone ovulation is not completely inhibited
surgical management of endometriosis
laparoscopic ablation and adhesiolysis
follow this with hormonal treatment IF NOT desiring fertility
hormonal treatment will prolong the effects of the surgery
if there is dyskaryosis on cervical smear do you do urgent or non urgent colposcopy
non urgent
cyclical HRT is preferred over combined when
women are peri menopausal
if someone has endometrial hyperplasia with no atypia how do you mx them
IUS- continuous progesterone to thin the lining
surveillance-TVUS and biopsy every 6 months
PMS management
1st= symptom diary for 2 cycles
mild= lifestyle advice
moderate/interfering with life= COCP first line, if doesnt work then refer for CBT
severe= SSRI
best COCP for PMS mx
yasmin, used continuously instead of cyclically
lifestyle advice for PMS
small, carbohydrate rich meals frequently
reduce stress
regular exercise
good sleep
reduce smoking and alcohol
when should you not give oxybutynin and what do you give instead
to elderly frail women as it increases risk of falls
give mirabegron instead
oxybutynin moa
anti muscarinic
mirabegron moa
beta 3 agonist
what happens to platelet count in normal physiological pregnancy
decreases
CTG in vasa praevia
foetal bradycardia
sinusoidal pattern
mastitis causative organism
staphylococcus aureus
what is tinea capitis
a ringworm infection on the scalp that can cause scarring alopecia
systemic onset juvenile arthritis presentation
girl aged 1-10
salmon pink rash
arthritis
uveitis
fever
weight loss
myalgia
reduced appetite
what is stills disease
systemic onset juvenile arthritis
when is cleft lip vs cleft palate repaired
cleft lip= first 3 months of life
cleft palate= 6-12 months
dyskinetic cerebral palsy is damage to what area
basal ganglia
which cerebral palsy has all the movement symptoms eg athetoid movements, chorea, dystonia
dyskinetic
types of cerebral palsy
ataxic
dyskinetic
hemiplegic
diplegic
quadriplegic
most common malignant bone tumor in children
osteosarcoma
ewing sarcoma vs osteosarcoma sign on x ray
ewing= onion skin
osteosarcoma= codmans triangle
what sound do you hear in bronchiolitis
wheeze
causes of stridor
laryngomalacia
croup
epiglottitis
whats the best imaging for malrotation?
GI ultrasound with contrast
how often is chest physiotherapy done for crohns
twice daily
activated charcoal vs n acetylcycsteine in paracetamol overdose when
activated charcoal if presenting in first hr of ingestion
n acetylcysteine immediately if staggered overdose, if single measure levels after 4 hrs and then decide if needed
persistent grief disorder time frame
over 6 months
prolonged complex bereavement disorder time frame and sx
over 12 months
person wants to die to be with the loved one
how to differentiate variant vs sporadic CJD
variant= psychiatric sx first then neuro
sporadic CJD= neuro sx first then psychiatric
what is a staggered overdose defined as
taken over more than one hour
fregoli vs capgras delusion
fregoli= different people are one person just in different forms/disguise
capgras= a love one has been CAPtured and replaced by an imposter
lithium monitoring after starting someone on lithium
lithium levels weekly until stable then 3 months
TFTs and renal function every 6 months
ebsteins anomaly affects what valve
tricuspid
how long is the washout period when switching antidepressants
4-7 days
which valves have 2 leaflets and which have 3
only the bicuspid has 2 (left side of heart)
when is the anomaly scan offered
18-20 weeks GA
what protein:creatinine ratio indicates pre eclampsia
> 30mg/mmol
what extra screening for anaemia is done in a twin pregnancy
screen at booking, 20 weeks and 28 weeks
at what age do children play with other children
4 yrs
what is prehns sign and what is it used to differentiate
reduced pain on elevation of the scrotum
positive in epididymitis
negative in testicular torsion
