VTE & ATE

Question 1

What are the 3 components of Virchow’s triad?

Answer 1

Vessel damage (endothelial injury)

Stasis

Hypercoagulability

Question 2

What does VTE and ATE stand for?

Answer 2

VTE -> venous thromboembolism

ATE -> arterial thromboembolism

Question 3

What is the difference between ATE and VTE regarding which part(s) of Virchows triad are most involved?

Answer 3

VTE -> stasis & hypercoagulability

ATE -> vessel damage

Question 4

What is the difference between ATE and VTE regarding what are the clots mainly made up of?

Answer 4

VTE -> fibrin

ATE -> platelets

Question 5

What is the difference between ATE and VTE regarding which colour the clots are?

Answer 5

VTE -> red (fibrin)

ATE -> white (platlets)

Question 6

What is the difference between ATE and VTE regarding the risk factors?

Answer 6

VTE

Pregnancy

Long flights

Surgery

HRT

Family history

Herdeitary thrombophlia

ATE

Smoking

Sedentary lifestyle

Hypertension

Diabetes

Obesity

High cholesterol

Question 7

If you are stationary for a long time, on a long flight say, what type of thromboembolism are you most at risk of?

Answer 7

VTE

Question 8

What are the 2 types of VTE?

Answer 8

PE and DVT

Question 9

What is the difference between ATE and VTE regarding the treatments used?

Answer 9

VTE

Anti-coagulants

Thrombolysis

ATE

Anti-platelets

Anti-coagulants

Question 10

If you got an ATE and have the risk factors for <3months how long should they be on anti-platelet and anti-coagulant treatments?

Answer 10

3 months

Question 11

If you got an ATE and have the risk factors for >3months how long should they be on anti-platelet and anti-coagulant treatments?

Answer 11

Lifelong

Question 12

What are examples of ATE?

Answer 12

MI (coronary thrombosis)

Stroke (cerebral thromboembolism)

Limb ischemia (peripheral embolism)