Thrombocytopenia, ITP & DIC

Question 1

What is the main cause of an acquired bleeding disorder?

Answer 1

Thrombocytopenia

Question 2

Apart from thrombocytopenia, what are some of the other causes of acquired bleeding disorders?

Answer 2

Liver disease

Haemorrhagic disease of the newborn

Question 3

What is thrombocytopenia?

Answer 3

Decreased number of platelts

Question 4

What are the clinical features of thrombocytopenia?

Answer 4

Petechia

Eccymosis (bruising)

Mucosal bleeding

Spontaneous bleeding

Question 5

What is ecchymosis mean?

Answer 5

Bruising

Question 6

Does a petechial rash blanch?

Answer 6

No

Question 7

A platelet count below which number can result in spontaenous bleeding in thrombocytopenia?

Answer 7

<10

Question 8

What are the 2 process that result in thrombocytopenia?

Answer 8

Decreased platelet production

Increased platelet consumption

Question 9

What are some of the casues of decreased platelet production, which leads to thrombocytopenia?

Answer 9

Bonw marrow failure

Vit. B12 deficiency

Aplastic anaemia

Question 10

What are some of the causes of increased platelet consumption, which results in thrombocytopenia?

Answer 10

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 12

ITP causes an increased consumption of platelets, which results in thrombocytopenia. What does ITP stand for?

Answer 12

Immune thrombocytopneic purpura

Question 13

DIC causes an increased consumption of platelets, which results in thrombocytopenia. What does DIC stand for?

Answer 13

Disseminated intravascular coagulation

Question 14

Where does a petechial rash due to thrombocytopenia commonly occur?

Answer 14

Behind the ankle

Question 15

Is thombocyopenia related to Vit.K deficiency?

Answer 15

No

Question 16

What are the treatments for thrombocytopenia?

Answer 16

Steroids

Plasma exchange

Spelnectomy

Question 17

What type of condition is immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)?

Answer 17

Autoimmune

Question 18

What is immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) associated with?

Answer 18

EBV

HIV

SLE

Question 19

How is immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) treated?

Answer 19

Steroids

IV IgG

Question 20

What is the main cause of microvascular thrombosis?

Answer 20

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

Question 21

What is Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) associated with?

Answer 21

Sepsis

Malignancies

Pre-eclampsia

(the big 3…)

Question 22

What is a classic sign of Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)?

Answer 22

Ischemic peripheries

(toes and fingers)

Question 24

Petechial rashes are obvs one of the most common features of thrombocytopenia, where do they most commonly occur and why?

Answer 24

Ankles -> compression due to socks and pooling of blood

Bra straps -> compression

Bag straps -> compression

Question 25

What is ITP?

Answer 25

An autoimmune disease

Involves autoantibodies that attack and destroy platlets

Question 26

What type of cells are affected in ITP?

Answer 26

Platelets

Question 27

In ITP, would RBC count and WCC be high?

Answer 27

No it would be normal

Question 28

What is a complication of ITP treatment?

Answer 28

Myeofibrosis

Question 29

What is ridicously enlarged in myelofibrosis?

Answer 29

The spleen

Question 30

What is a sign on histology for ITP?

Answer 30

Large megakaryocytes