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cathy's COMPS/Praxis > Voice > Flashcards

Voice Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the opening between VF’s called?

A

glottis

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2
Q

primary CN innervates larynx

A

X vagus

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3
Q

other 2 nerves that innervate larynx

A

superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve

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4
Q

what is maximum phonation time (MPT)?

A

client’s ability to sustain “ah”

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5
Q

perceptual correlate of frequency is ____

A

pitch

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6
Q

perceptual correlate of intensity is ____

A

volume

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7
Q

pitch is determined by ____, ____, and ____ of VF’s

A

mass, tension, elasticity

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8
Q

frequency perturbation or ______: variations in vocal ______

A

jitter; frequency

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9
Q

patients with voice problems such as ______ or ______ might show jitter

A

tremor; hoarseness

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10
Q

disturbances/movement in air particles is called ______

A

amplitude

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11
Q

amplitude or ______: cycle-to-cycle variation in vocal ______

A

shimmer; intensity

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12
Q

vocal quality: combo of breathiness and harshness from irregular VF vibrations

A

hoarseness

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13
Q

vocal quality: rough, unpleasant, “gravelly” sounding

A

harshness

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14
Q

harsh voice associated with muscular ____ and ____

A

effort

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15
Q

vocal quality: VF’s slightly open, soft, with little variation in loudness

A

breathiness

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16
Q

vocal quality: VF’s vibrate very slowly; voice: “crackly”

A

glottal fry

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17
Q

vocal quality: shrill, unpleasant, high pitched, and “tinny”

A

strident

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18
Q

tidal volume

A

amount of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing cycle

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19
Q

vital capacity

A

volume of air exhaled after max inhalation

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20
Q

total lung capacity

A

total volume of air in lungs

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21
Q

cul-de-sac resonance

A

backward retraction of tongue; oral cavity closed at back and open in front- blocking sound waves from larynx because back is blocked

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22
Q

supraglottic vs. glottic. vs. subglottic

A

above VF’s, at level of VF’s, below VF’s

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23
Q

inflammatory vascular lesion on arytenoids; posterior; assoc with contact ulcers

A

granuloma

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24
Q

soft, pliable, filled with blood

A

hemangioma

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25
Q

precancerous benign growths of thick, whitish patches

A

leukoplakia

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26
Q

rough, pinkish lesion

A

hyperkeratosis

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27
Q

narrowing of subglottic space

A

subglottal stenosis

28
Q

wart-like growths from HPV

A

papilloma

29
Q

membrane that grows across anterior portion of glottis

A

laryngeal web

30
Q

bilateral and symmetrical; anterior; small blister-like swellings; red/pink; inability to sing high

A

vocal nodules

31
Q

SOFTER masses; filled with fluid; unilateral

A

polyps

32
Q

ulcerated, granulated tissue; posterior third of glottal margin

A

contact ulcers

33
Q

larynx: biological valve at top of trachea. it helps to do what?

A

close entry to trachea so food/liquid/particles don’t enter lungs

34
Q

larynx also builds what?

A

air pressure

34
Q

reinke’s edema

A

swelling of VF’s

decreased vocal pitch (so more easily found in women)

smoking, GER, and vocal abuse causes it

can cause SOB if large enough

so quit smoking and treat GER

35
Q

decreased/insufficient intraoral breath pressure

A

hypernasal

36
Q

intrinsic muscles control what 3 things?

A

pitch, loudness, quality

37
Q

primary function of extrinsic muscles are what 2 things?

A

support larynx and fix it in position

38
Q

how many sets of intrinsic and extrinsic muscles?

A

1 set of intrinsic, 2 sets of extrinsic: suprahyoids and infrahyoids

40
Q

extrinsic muscles: suprahyoids (elevate larynx)

A

Dig My Style Genie

digastricus, mylohyoid, stylohyoid, geniohyoid

41
Q

extrinsic muscles: infrahyoids (pull larynx down)

A

TOSS

thyrohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid, sternothyroid

42
Q

5 intrinsic muscles (CT ILP)

A

cricothyroid (tenses VF’s)
thyroarytenoid (sound production)

interarytenoid (adducts VF's)
lateral cricoarytenoid (adducts VF's)
posterior cricoarytenoid (abducts VF's)
43
Q

on what sounds is hypernasality found?

A

vowels, because of VPI

44
Q

on what sounds is hyponasality found?

A

consonants, because of nasal air emissions

45
Q

some qualities of describing voice

A

hoarse, harsh, strained, breathy, glottal fry, diplophonia, stridency

46
Q

if disease is unilateral, this means voice will be what? and why? 1 example

A

diplophonia because one fold is vibrating at different rate than the other

polyps

47
Q

name 4 voice disorders caused by vocal abuse

A

nodules, polyps, contact ulcers, reinke’s edema

48
Q

perceptual evaluation consists of 5 things (looking at 5 different things)

A

pitch

phonation

loudness

resonance

respiration

49
Q

2 instrumental evaluations of voice pathologies

A

endoscopy: rigid (mouth) or flexible (nasal): structures
videostroboscopy: function by slowing down VF’s

50
Q

general treatments for voice disorders

A

education (increase awareness and better habits)

vocal hygiene, vocal rest, voice tx

medication

surgery

51
Q

chromosome 15 is duplicated from father or deleted from mother

A

angleman syndrome

52
Q

autosomal dominant mutations; syndactly and craniosynostosis

A

apert syndrome

53
Q

absence of short arm of 5th chromosome (5p)

A

cri du chat

54
Q

autosomal dominant inheritance; craniosynostosis, wide set eyes, bradycephaly

A

crouzon syndrome

55
Q

extra chromosome 21

A

downs

56
Q

expansion of nuclei acid CGG which repeats too often on FMRI gene

A

fragile X

57
Q

autosomal recessive deficiency of X-L iduronidase

A

hurler’s

58
Q

mutations in FBN1 gene

A

marfan syndrome

59
Q

failure of development of motor nuclei of cranial nerves

A

moebius syndrome

60
Q

autosomal recessive inheritance; micrognathia, cleft soft palate, glossoptosis (tongue: posterior)

A

pierre robin

61
Q

deletion in long arm of chromosome 15

A

prader willi

62
Q

extra copy of chromosome 13

A

trisomy 13

63
Q

missing/deformed X chromosome

A

turner syndrome in females, noonan syndrome in both

64
Q

elfin-face syndrome

A

williams syndrome

65
Q

autosomal dominant mutation

autosomal dominant inheritance

autosomal recessive inheritance

A

apert
crouzon
pierre robin

cathy's COMPS/Praxis (18 decks)

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