Cranial Nerves Flashcards
CN I
olfactory, S
innervates olfactory bulb
smell
damage: anosmia: loss of smell/taste
CN II
optic, S
innervates retina
vision
damage: loss of vision…
before optic chiasm: loss vision on same side as damage
in optic chiasm: bitemporal hemianopia
after optic chiasm: loss vision on opposite side as damage
CN III
oculomotor, M
innervates muscles of eye
eye movement: eyeball, pupil, upper eyelid
damage: ptosis, double vision
CN IV
trochlear, M
innervates superior oblique eye muscle
function: superior oblique eye movement (down and in)
damage: diplopia: double vision STACKED VERTICALLY, diff. down stairs
CN V
trigeminal, B
sensory: face
motor: mouth/mastication
largest nerve, 3 branches
damage: loss sensations to face, diff. mastication and lateral jaw movement
CN VI
abducens, M
innervates lateral rectus eye muscle
function: rotates eyes outward/ABDUCTION
damage: diplopia: CROSS EYE
CN VII
facial, B
innervates buccal muscles and obicularis oris
sensory: anterior ⅔ tongue, velum
motor: face muscles
damage: loss of taste in ⅔ tongue, Bell’s Palsy
CN VIII
vestibulocochlear, S
function: hearing and balance
innervates cochlea
damage: tinnitus, (sensorineural) HL, vertigo
CN IX
glossopharyngeal, B
innervates: tongue, pharynx, larynx
sensory: posterior ⅓ tongue
motor: pharynx, larynx
damage: dysphagia (poor laryngeal elevation: aspiration)
CN X
vagus, B
innervates: larynx, pharynx, visceral organs
sensory: visceral organs
motor: intrinsic muscles of larynx, pharynx
damage: dysphagia, PARALYSIS of larynx, pharynx (speech)
CN XI
accessory, M
innervates/function: sternocleidomastoid, traps, velum
damage: diff. turning head, shrugging shoulders, poor VP closure
CN XII
hypoglossal, M
innervates/function: muscles of tongue
damage: movement of tongue: swallowing and speech
