vocabulary p-s Flashcards
pacific
calm, peaceful
pacifist
one opposed to war
pacify
to restore calm, bring peace
palatial
like a palace, magnificent
palaver
idle talk
paleontology
study of past geological eras through fossil remains
palette
board for mixing paints; range of colors
palisade
fence made up of stakes
pall (n)
covering that darkens or obscures; coffin
pall (v)
to lose strength or interest
palliate
to make less serious, ease
pallid
lacking color or liveliness
palpable
obvious, real, tangible
palpitation
trembling, shaking, irregular beating
paltry
pitifully small or worthless
panacea
flamboyance, verve
pandemic
spread over a whole area or country
panegyric
elaborate praise; formal hymn of praise
panoply
impressive array
panorama
broad view; comprehensive picture
paradigm
ideal example, model
paradox
contradiction, incongruity; dilemma, puzzle
paradoxical
self-contradictory but true
paragon
model of excellence or perfection
paramount
supreme, dominant, primary
paraphrase
to reword, usually in simpler terms
parasite
person or animal that lives at another’s expense
parch
to dry or shrivel
pare
to trim
pariah
outcast
parity
equality
parley
discussion, usually between enemies
parochial
of limited scope or outlook, provincial
parody
humorous imitation
parole
conditional release of a prisoner
parry
to ward off or deflect
parsimony
stinginess
partisan (n)
stronger supporter
partisan (adj)
biased in favor of
pastiche
piece of literature or music imitating other works
patent (adj)
obvious, unconcealed
patent (n)
official document giving exclusive right to sell an invention
paternity
fatherhood; descent from father’s ancestors
pathogenic
causing disease
pathos
pity, compassion
patrician
aristocrat
patricide
murder of one’s father
patrimony
inheritance or heritage derived from one’s father
patronize
to condescend to, disparage; to buy from
paucity
scarcity, lack
pauper
very poor person
pavilion
tent or light building used for shelter or exhibitions
peccadillo
minor sin or offense
peculation
theft of money or goods
pedagogue
teacher
pedant
uninspiring, boring academic
pedestrian (adj)
commonplace
pediatrician
doctor specializing in children and their ailments
pediment
triangular gable on a roof or facade
peer (n)
contemporary, equal, match
peerless
unequaled
pejorative
having bad connotations; disparaging
pellucid
transparent; translucent; easily understood
penance
voluntary suffering to repent for a wrong
penchant
inclination
pending (prep)
during, while awaiting
penitent
expressing sorrow for sins or offenses, repentant
pensive
thoughtful
penultimate
next to last
penumbra
partial shadow
penury
extreme poverty
perambulator
baby carriage
percipient
discerning, able to perceive
perdition
complete and utter loss; damnation
peregrinate
to wander from place to place
perennial
present throughout the years; persistent
perfidious
faithless, disloyal, untrustworthy
perfunctory
done in a routine way; indifferent
perihelion
point in orbit nearest to the sun
peripatetic
moving from place to place
perjure
to tell a lie under oath
permeable
penetrable
pernicious
very harmful
perpetual
endless, lasting
personification
act of attributing human qualities to objects or abstract qualities
perspicacious
shrewd, astute, keen-witted
pert
lively and bold
pertinacious
persistent, stubborn
pertinent
applicable, appropriate
perturbation
disturbance
perusal
close examination
pervert (v)
to cause to change in immoral way; to misuse
pestilence
epidemic, plague
petulance
rudeness, peevishness
phalanx
massed group of soldiers, people, or things
philanderer
persuer of casual love affairs
philanthropy
love of humanity; generosity to worthy causes
philistine
narrow-minded person, someone lacking appreciation for art or culture
philology
study of words
phlegmatic
calm in temperament; sluggish
phobia
anxiety, horror
phoenix
mythical, immortal bird which lives for 500 years, burns itself to death, and rises from its ashes
phonetics
study of speech sounds
phonic
relating to sound
piety
devoutness
pilfer
to steal
pillage
to loot, especially during a war
pinnacle
peak, highest point of development
pious
dedicated, devout, extremely religious
pique
fleeting feeling of hurt pride
pithy
profound substantial; concise, succinct, to the point
pittance
meager amount or wage
placate
to soothe or pacify
placid
calm
plagiarist
one who steals words or ideas
plaintiff
injured person in a lawsuit
plait
to braid
platitude
stale, overused expression
plebeian
crude, vulgar, low-class
plenitude
abundance, plenty
plethora
excess, overabundance
pliant
pliable, yielding
pluck
to pull strings on musical instrument
plucky
courageous, spunky
plummet
to fall, plunge
pluralistic
including a variety of groups
ply (v)
to use diligently; to engage; to join together
pneumatic
relating to air; worked by compressed air
poach
to steal game or fish; cook in boiling liquid
podium
platform or lectern for orchestra conductors or speakers
poignant
emotionally moving
polar
relating to a geographic pole; exhibiting contrast
polarize
to tend towards opposite extremes
polemic
controversy, argument; verbal attack
politic
shrewd and practical, diplomatic
polyglot
speaker of many languages
ponderous
weighty, heavy, large
pontificate
to speak in a pretentious manner
pore (v)
to study closely or meditatively
porous
full of holes, permeable to liquids
portent
omen
portly
stout, dignified
posit
to put in position; to suggest an idea
posterior
bottom, rear
posterity
future generations; all of a person’s descendants
potable
drinkable
potentate
monarch or ruler with great power
pragmatic
practical; moved by facts rather than abstract ideals
prattle
meaningless, foolish talk
precarious
uncertain
precept
principle; law
precipice
edge, steep overhang
precipitate (adj)
sudden and unexpected
precipitate (v)
to throw down from a height; to cause to happen
precipitous
hasty, quickly, with too little caution
precis
short summary of facts
precision
state of being precise
preclude
to rule out
precocious
unusually advanced at an early age
precursor
forerunner, predecessor
predator
one that preys on others, destroyer, plunderer
predicament
difficult situation
predicate (v)
to found or base on
predictive
relating to prediction, indicative of the future
predilection
preference, liking
predisposition
tendency, inclination
preeminent
celebrated, distinguished
preface
introduction to a book; introductory remarks to a speech
premeditate
to consider, plan beforehand
premonition
forewarning; presentiment
preponderance
majority in number; dominance
prepossessing
attractive, engaging, appealing
preposterous
absurd, illogical
presage
to foretell, indicate in advance
prescient
having foresight
prescribe
to set down a rule; to recommend a treatment
presentiment
premonition, sense of foreboding
prestidigitation
sleight of hand
presumptuous
rude, improperly bold
pretext
excuse, pretended reason
prevalent
widespread
prevaricate
to lie, evade the truth
primeval
ancient, primitive
primordial
original, existing from the beginning
pristine
untouched, uncorrupted
privation
lack of usual necessities or comforts
probity
honesty, high-mindedness
proclivity
tendency, inclination
procrastinator
one who continually and unjustifiably postpones
procure
to obtain
prodigal
wasteful, extravagant, lavish
prodigious
vast, enormous, extraordinary
profane
impure; contrary to religion; sacrilegious
proficient
expert, skilled in a certain subject
profligate
corrupt, degenerate
profuse
lavish, extravagent
progenitor
originator, forefather, ancestor in a direct line
progeny
offspring, children
prognosis
prediction of disease outcome; any prediction
progressive
favoring progress or change; moving forward, going step-by-step