ochem chapter 1

Question 1

nomenclature

Answer 1

the set of accepted conventions for naming compounds

Question 2

alkanes

Answer 2

are the simplest organic molecules, consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms held together by single bonds. Ending in -ane

Question 3

cycloalkanes

Answer 3

alkanes can form rings. They are named accordng to the number of carbon atoms in the ring with the prefix cyclo-

Question 4

alkenes

Answer 4

(or olefins) are compounds containing carbon-carbon double bonds. Ending in -ene

Question 5

cycloalkenes

Answer 5

are named like cycloalkanes but with the suffix -ene rather than -ane

Question 6

alkynes

Answer 6

are compounds that possess carbon-carbon triple bonds. Suffix of -yne

Question 7

acetylene

Answer 7

the common name for ethyne

Question 8

diols

Answer 8

molecules with two hydroxyl groups and are named with the suffix -diol

Question 9

vicinal

Answer 9

diols with hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbons

Question 10

geminal

Answer 10

diols with hydroxyl groups on the same carbon

Question 11

ethers

Answer 11

are named as derivatives of alkanes, and the larger alkyl group is chosen as the backbone

Question 12

aldehydes

Answer 12

are named according to the longest chain containing the aldehyde functional group

Question 13

ketones

Answer 13

are named analogously, with -one as a suffix

Question 14

carboxylic acids

Answer 14

are named with the ending -oic and the word acid replacing the -e ending of the corresponding alkane