VOCAB—upper intermediate 2 Flashcards
having the same opinion
to have the same opinion / to give consent (on a proposal, etc.) / to agree / to concur
同意
[どうい]
同意する
high temperature, high heat
low temperature, low heat
高温
[こうおん]
低温
[ていおん]
along the— following along the— (river, etc.)
—沿い
[—ぞい]
a contribution (to further a cause)
to contribute (time, resources, etc.) / to help further a cause / to provide services
貢献
[こうけん]
貢献する
with….as the center focus, something is centered around….
mainly in…. mainly of….
….を中心に
[….をちゅうしんに]
….を中心と[する]
repetition, reiteration
to repeat something / to reiterate
repeatedly… (as adverbial noun)
繰り返し
[くりかえし]
繰り返しする
prosperity
to prosper / to thrive (usually a country, state, etc.)
繁栄
[はんえい]
繁栄する
gentleman
紳士
[しんし]
vertical (lines, etc.), perpendicular
垂直
[すいちょく]
(law) judge, judiciary
judge (alt. use)
判事
[はんじ]
裁判官
[さいばんかん]
(Tokyo) metropolitan—
都立
[とりつ]
bud, flower bud
蕾
> [つぼみ]
hinged door, gate
扉
[とびら]
currency (in a economical sense)
currency (in terms of monetary use)
貨幣
[かへい]
通貨
[つうか]
treaty
条約
[じょうやく]
canteen, thermos, flask, water bottle (like a Nalgene)
水筒
[すいとう]
crashing, falling
to crash (e.g. a plane) / to fall (in an accident)
墜落
[ついらく]
墜落する
optimism
optimistic
楽観
[らっかん]
楽観的
one’s reflexes / reflection, reverberation
to reflect (light) / to reverberate (sound)
reflexive(ly)
反射
[はんしゃ]
反射する
反射的(に)
a number of… a little bit of… / somewhat… to a certain extent…
若干
[じゃっかん]
a point in time
時点
[じてん]
public opinion
世論
[よろん]
[せろん]
protocol, process, (chosen) procedure
手順
[てじゅん]
top-ranking, superior in rank
上位
[じょうい]
again and again… repeatedly…
再三
[さいさん]
everyday affair, one’s association(s) in life
身の回り
[みのまわり]
fire extinction
to extinguish a fire
fire extinguisher
消火
[しょうか]
消火する
消火器
leader, head (of a state, etc.), the “brains” of the operation
首脳
[しゅのう]
gas stove, gas cooker, gas range
ガスレンジ
ガスコンロ
job, employment, work, duties (kanji use)
職
[しょく]
mayor
市長
[しちょう]
packed in tightly (e.g. people on a train), crammed (onomatopoeic)
ぎゅうぎゅう
reading out loud
to read out loud / to recite (e.g. a poem)
朗読
[ろうどく]
朗読する
picture book
絵本
[えほん]
hatred, abhorrence
憎しみ
[にくしみ]
margin, room (for error, etc.)
余地
[よち]
(please) don’t hesitate to….
without reservation…. freely….
遠慮しないで
[えんりょしないで]
遠慮なく
[えんりょなく]
(electrical) output
to output (an electrical signal, etc.)
出力
[しゅつりょく]
出力する
(just one) part, (one) section, a portion
一部分
[いちぶぶん]
the winter season / winter— (e.g. winter olympics)
the summer season / summer— (e.g. summer olympics)
冬季
[とうき]
夏季
[かき]
(special or one-time) event
催し
[もよおし]
in response to…. responding to…. living up to…. (a reaction to other’s expectations, hopes, or opinions)
….に応えて
> [….にこたえて]
….にこたえ
….にこたえる
kendo (Japanese sword fighting)
剣道
[けんどう]
extramarital sex, infidelity
to have an affair / to fool around / to be unfaithful
浮気
[うわき]
浮気する
lawsuit, litigation
訴訟
[そしょう]
the other one (esp. of two) / the other perspective, the other way, etc.
他方
[たほう]
something is possible…. (verb suffix)
usually to a surprising degree, and not for everyday occurrences
—得る
[—うる]
going to bed early
to go to bed early
早寝
[はやね]
早寝する
a shake, a wave, a swing (of a bat, etc.),
振り
[ふり]
putting into to practice
to put in to practice / to be pragmatic
実践
[じっせん]
実践する
and nevertheless…. and yet despite this…. (expressing an unexpected or regrettable fact)
それなのに
ratio, proportion, percentage (usu. comparatively)
比率
[ひりつ]
locker
coin locker
(loan word)
ロッカー
コインロッカー
astronomy
astronomer
astronomical (price, etc.)
天文学
[てんもんがく]
天文学者
天文学的
the pre-war period
the post-war period
戦前
[せんぜん]
戦後
[せんご]
black ink / squid ink
墨
[すみ]
concerning…. in regards to…. (a debated issue or ongoing discussion)
(formal use)
….を巡って
> [….をめぐって]
….をめぐる….
private railway
私鉄
[してつ]
the whole world, everything under the heavens
天下
[てんか]
(traditional) Japanese-style tatami room
座敷
[ざしき]
couldn’t help but do…. doing (something) is unavoidable….
(as a result of strong feelings from the subject that cannot be controlled)
—ずにはいられない
—ないではいられない
cannot possibly…. utterly…. (e.g. utterly impossible)
到底
[とうてい]
….to the extreme! / so very….
an adjective is expressed to its fullest limits
….限りだ
[….かぎりだ]
culinary arts, cooking
to cook (esp. as an art form) / to do work in the kitchen
炊事
[すいじ]
炊事する
uncool, unattractive, unstylish
かっこ悪い
[かっこわるい]
virgin / virginity
処女
[しょじょ]
something, something or other, everything / nothing, not anything (with neg. verb)
whatever, anything (at all)
uneventfully… without incident…
何事
[なにごと]
何事も
何事もなく
replenishment
to refill / to replace / to replenish (something that has run out, etc.)
補充
[ほじゅう]
補充する
age of maturity, adulthood
成年
[せいねん]
attic, loft
屋根裏
[やねうら]
rainy weather, wet weather
雨天
[うてん]
magnet / compass
磁石
[じしゃく]
on the occasion of…. at the time of…. (expressing necessities or suggestions for a certain experience)
….に際して
[….にさいして]
….に際し
….に際しての
steam train
汽車
[きしゃ]
compensation, reward, remuneration
報酬
[ほうしゅう]
holding… opening…
to hold (a meeting, etc.) / to open (an exhibition, etc.)
in session
開催
[かいさい]
開催する
開催中
the following day, the next day (literary)
翌日
[よくじつ]
detour
to take a detour
回り道
[まわりみち]
回り道する
the previous year, the year prior (esp. in business)
前年
[ぜんねん]
upstream / upper class
mid-stream, middle reaches / middle-class
downstream / lower class
上流
[じょうりゅう]
中流
[ちゅうりゅう]
下流
[かりゅう]
arrow
矢
[や]
second-rate, second-class
third-rate, third-class
(esp. in reference to quality)
二流
[にりゅう]
三流
[さんりゅう]
animation / videos (on youtube, etc.)
動画
[どうが]
overworking
death from overworking
過労
[かろう]
過労死
reception of
to receive (visitors, clients, guests at a party, etc.)
reception room (esp. at a company office)
応接
[おうせつ]
応接する
応接間
[おうせつま]
as soon as….happens…. (used in writing / formal / business settings)
—次第
[—しだい]
a compromise
to make a compromise / to give in
妥協
[だきょう]
妥協する
—coin (as a suffix)
100 yen coin
—玉
[—だま]
百円玉
[ひゃくえんだま]
calamity, misfortune, catastrophe
災難
[さいなん]
even still…. even up to now…. as yet….
今でも
[いまでも]
something is not possible…. (verb suffix)
usually to a surprising degree, and not for everyday occurrences
—得ない
[—えない]
launching, firing, shooting out
to launch / to fire (weapons, etc.) / to shoot out / to ejaculate (slang)
発射
[はっしゃ]
発射する
rainwear, raingear
雨具
[あまぐ]
departure from a country
to depart from a country
出国
[しゅっこく]
出国する
primal, primeval
primitive man
primitive
原始
[げんし]
原始人
[げんしじん]
原始的
enforcement
to enforce (a new law, etc.) / to execute / to carry out
施行
[しこう]
施行する
promptly…. doing immediately…. doing without delay….
さっさ(と)
errand
使い
[つかい]
prospect (e.g. in business), outlook / a view, what one is able to see
a clear view (e.g. before merging in an intersection)
to have good prospects
見通し
[みとおし]
見通しのいい
見通しがつく
taking hold, becoming fixed
to take hold / to become entrenched (in one’s mind, etc.) / to become fixed or established
定着
[ていちゃく]
定着する
outskirts (of a city), outlying area
近郊
[きんこう]
cola, coke (loan word)
コーラ
shortening, abbreviation
to shorten (working hours, etc.) / to abbreviate (words, etc.)
abbreviated form
短縮
[たんしゅく]
短縮する
短縮形
playing dirty, mean, cowardly
卑怯
[ひきょう]
garbage bag
plastic bag
plastic shopping bag (received at checkout)
paper bag
ごみ袋
[ごみぶくろ]
ポリ袋
[ポリぶくろ]
レジ袋
[れじぶくろ]
紙袋
[かみぶくろ]
this guy, this person / this thing, that thing
that guy, that person / that one, that thing
(derogatory language)
こいつ
そいつ
あいつ
….as a basis
….as a basis for something else
….made on the basis of….
….を基に
> [….をもとに]
….をもとにして
….をもとにした….
express a very strong hope or general desire (about the future, etc.)
—(たい) ものだ
—(てほしい) ものだ
—(ないでほしい) ものだ
blackout, power outage
to lose power / to lose electricity / to have a blackout
停電
[ていでん]
停電する
canyon
峡谷
[きょうこく]
cultivation
to cultivate (plants, etc.)
栽培
[さいばい]
栽培する
eyelashes
まつ毛
> [まつげ]
direction, points of the compass
方角
[ほうがく]
only because…. (adding a very strong emphasis)
—(ば) こそ
review, reconsideration, revision
to review / to look over / to reconsider / to revise
見直し
[みなおし]
見直しする
some sort of… of some kind… a little of… / please… at any rate…
何分
[なにぶん]
banishment
to banish / to deport / to exile (from a country, etc.)
追放
[ついほう]
追放する
fruit (of a plant), nut, seed
reality, truth / sincerity, honesty, fidelity
(kanji use)
実
[み]
実
[じつ]
descent, downward (trend)
to descend / to fall / to go downward / to drop (e.g. one’s popularity)
下降
[かこう]
下降する
order, rank, position (in a race, etc.), precedence
順位
[じゅんい]
tax exemption
to be tax exempt / to be duty-free
duty-free store (e.g. in an airport terminal)
免税
[めんぜい]
免税する
免税店
[めんぜいてん]
business affairs, business functions
for business purposes… for business use…
業務
[ぎょうむ]
業務用
[ぎょうむよう]
membership fee, dues
会費
[かいひ]
ending at that point…. cut off there…. and no longer after that….
それきり….
diamond (loan word)
ダイヤモンド
ダイヤ
world, society, the public
counter for generations (as suffix)
(kanji use)
世
[よ]
—世
[—せい]
sign, marking (of indication)
標識
[ひょうしき]
(corporate) bankruptcy
to become bankrupt (corporation, etc,) / to go out of business
倒産
[とうさん]
倒産する
materials for making something, materials for writing a document
素材
[そざい]
recklessness, going beyond one’s limit
無茶
[むちゃ]
judicial decision
to make a judicial decision / to hand down a sentence
判決
[はんけつ]
判決する
colloquialism / slang
俗語
[ぞくご]
capable or talented person / personnel, manpower
人材
[じんざい]
volume, capacity
容積
[ようせき]
体積
[たいせき]
base, foundation, bedrock, infrastructure
基盤
[きばん]
a turnout, a crowd (at a festival, concert, etc.)
人出
[ひとで]
sense of duty, obligation, and honor / in-law (relation by marriage)
義理
[ぎり]
goodness, good intentions, virtue (kanji use)
善
[ぜん]
if you’re going to…., you might as well….
rather than…., it would be preferable to….
—(る) くらいなら….
—(る) ぐらいなら….
den, study, reading room
書斎
[しょさい]
reassuring, heartening
心強い
[こころづよい]
House of Councilors of Japan (Upper House)
House of Representatives of Japan (Lower House)
参議院
[さんぎいん]
衆議院
[しゅうぎいん]
river basin
流域
[りゅういき]
the intellect, intelligence
intellectual
知性
[ちせい]
知性的
ribbon (loan word)
リボン
carbon (dioxide), carbonation / carbonated—
carbonated water
carbon gas
炭酸
[たんさん]
炭酸水
[たんさんすい]
炭酸ガス
[たんさんガス]
half-hearted, half-baked, irresponsible
いい加減
[いいかげん]
the self, the ego
selflessness, no-self
自我
[じが]
無我
[むが]
early summer
初夏
[しょか]
interest rate
金利
[きんり]
the true state, the actual condition(s)
実態
[じったい]
conservatism
to conserve / to keep up (a countries traditions, etc.)
(politically) conservative
保守
[ほしゅ]
保守する
保守的
invalid (contract, etc.), null and void, expired
無効
[むこう]
Samurai warrior
武士
[ぶし]
perfect circle, perfectly round
真ん丸
[まんまる]
now that this is the case…. provided that….
….上は
[….うえは]
(one’s) speech, expression of views
言論
[げんろん]
faculty member, teaching staff
教員
[きょういん]
(one’s) reasoning, logical thinking
理屈
[りくつ]
circuit (e.g. electrical circuit)
circuit, line
回路
[かいろ]
回線
[かいせん]
coarse, rough (material, skin, etc.)
粗い
[あらい]
dresser, chest of drawers
たんす
タンス
diarrhea
to have diarrhea
下痢
[げり]
下痢する
fraud, a scam, a swindle, a con
to get conned / to be scammed
詐欺
[さぎ]
詐欺に引っかかる
[さぎにひっかかる]
jealousy
to feel jealous / to be envious of
a feeling of jealousy
嫉妬
[じっと]
嫉妬する
嫉妬心
[しっとしん]
writing as a profession
to write professionally (as one’s occupation)
執筆
[しっぴつ]
執筆する
compression
to compress (a large computer file, etc.) / to condense / to compact
圧縮
[あっしゅく]
圧縮する
leasing
to lease (a car, an apt., etc.), to rent
apartement for lease / rent
賃貸
[ちんたい]
賃貸する
賃貸アパート
stipulation
to stipulate / to give provisions
規定
[きてい]
規定する
desirable, preferable, hoped for
望ましい
[のぞましい]
directly… in person… firsthand…
直に
> [じかに]
I wonder if….isn’t the case…. I wonder if….might be possible…. (an indirect way of expressing one’s opinion or prediction)
(polite / written expression)
….のではあるまいか
right angle
直角
[ちょっかく]
gently-sloping, smooth, nearly-flat (line, road, hill, etc.)
傾らか
> [なだらか]
conception
to conceptualize / to develop a plot / to come up with ideas (for a novel, etc.)
構想
[こうそう]
構想する
mouth-puckering, sour, bitter (taste, face, etc.)
subdued (color, etc.), sombre, quiet and simple, understated
渋い
[しぶい]
proportional
to be proportionate to
比例
[ひれい]
比例する
intonation (loan word)
イントネーション
lighthouse
灯台
[とうだい]
class cancellation
to cancel a class (esp. a lecture)
休講
[きゅうこう]
休講する
frost
霜
[しも]
reopening, resumption
to reopen (a school , etc.) / to resume (a game, a project, etc.)
再開
[さいかい]
再開する
clique, faction
派閥
[はばつ]
occasional
occasional— sometimes done—
時折
[ときおり]
時折の—
liquor store
酒屋
[さかや]
color (in an artistic sense) / hues, tinting
Colorless Tsukuru Tazaki and His Years of Pilgrimage
色彩
[しきさい]
色彩を持たない
多崎つくると、
彼の巡礼の年
marching
to march (in the military, a parade, etc.)
行進
[こうしん]
行進する
each— every— / you (plural), all of you
各々
[おのおの]
just enough— to the degree of— (as a suffix) / addition and subtraction, adjustment
加減
[かげん]
lodging, boarding house
to lodge (at) / to stay in (a boarding house)
下宿
[げしゅく]
下宿する
The Philippines
フィリピン
an example sentence
an English sentence (or text)
例文
[れいぶん]
英文
[えいぶん]
The Milky Way
天の川
[あまのがわ]
scholarship
奨学金
[しょうがくきん]
(financial) settlement
to settle up / to square accounts / to clear debts / to come to terms with the past
清算
[せいさん]
清算する
coins (hard currency)
硬貨
[こうか]
smilingly…. grinningly….
to smile in a friendly way
(onomatopoeic)
にこにこ
にこにこする
a technical skill (gained through study or practice)
技能
[ぎのう]
because…. is happening, it is natural that….
….以上は
[….いじょうは]
founding
to found (a school, company, etc.)
anniversary of the establishment of… (esp. schools)
創立
[そうりつ]
創立する
創立記念日
[そうりつきねんび]
undergarment, lingerie, something worn under the clothes
肌着
[はだぎ]
all the more (e.g. all the more beautiful), even more, further
一段と
[いちだんと]
communication (loan word)
コミュニケーション
the four cardinal directions / in all directions
四方
[しほう]
pollen
hay fever (an allergy to pollen)
花粉
[かふん]
花粉症
[かふんしょう]
skyscraper
高層ビル
[こうそうビル]
I’m sure…. I’m certain…. this must be the case…. (colloquial / subjective view of speaker)
….に決まっている
> [….にきまっている]
truly… sincerely… absolutely…
誠に
[まことに]
真に
(on stage) performance
to act (in a movie, play, etc.) / to perform (on a stage)
出演
[しゅつえん]
出演する
expenses, expenses owed (as a suffix)
—費
[—ひ]
a model (e.g. model airplane, model of the human body, etc.)
模型
[もけい]
new item / newly created—
new customer
new user (computer term)
新規
[しんき]
ご新規
新規ユーザー
strictness, severity
厳重
[げんじゅう]
(my) feelings are really…. very…. extremely….
only when expressing a psychological state, especially a negative one
—(て) ならない
smelling fishy (literally)
生臭い
[なまぐさい]
abbreviation (IT, USA, etc.)
略
[りゃく]
east and west / orient and occident
東西
[とうざい]
modest, self-depreciating
謙虚
[けんきょ]
frequency of occurrence
頻度
[ひんど]
above all else… particularly…
殊に
[ことに]
finishing touches
仕上げ
[しあげ]
The Middle East
中東
[ちゅうとう]
from beginning to end / continuously
the whole story from beginning to end
始終
[しじゅう]
一部始終
[いちぶしじゅう]
(school) tuition
学費
[がくひ]
travel expenses
旅費
[りょひ]
start-up, launch, establishment
to start-up / to launch (e.g. a new campaign) / to establish / to inaugurate
発足
[ほっそく]
発足する
a few days, several days
数日
[すうじつ]
in contrast to…. contrary to (expectation)….
in opposition to…. against (one’s)….
….に反して
[….にはんして]
….に反する
lesbian (loan word)
レズビアン
レズ
ビアン
first day, opening day
初日
[しょにち]
even number
odd number
偶数
[ぐうすう]
奇数
[きすう]
a (personal) request or favor
頼み
[たのみ]
fossil
paleontology
化石
[かせき]
化石学
trench, ditch / moat / canal
堀
[ほり]
濠
[ほり]
fund (org. providing money), a foundation
基金
[ききん]
news, correspondence, sent information
correspondence from— (as a suffix)
便り
[たより]
—便り
[—だより]
putting a product on display
to exhibit something / to submit something for display (esp. a product)
出品
[しゅっぴん]
出品する
shiny…. glittering…. sparkling….
to shine / to glitter / to sparkle
(onomatopoeic)
ぴかぴか
ぴかぴかする
loan word, foreign origin word
外来語
[がいらいご]
storage room, store-space
物置
[ものおき]
at the time of…. in case of….(emergency, etc.)
formal use
….際には
[….さいには]
portrait
肖像
[しょうぞう]
archipelago
列島
[れっとう]
victory or defeat
勝敗
[しょうはい]
one side (to one side only)
片側
[かたがわ]
composition, synthesis
to compound / to synthesize (e.g. synthetic materials)
compound word
合成
[ごうせい]
合成する
合成語
[ごうせいご]
current affairs, the state of things, the situation (e.g. in world news)
情勢
[じょうせい]
military commander or general (shogun)
将軍
[しょうぐん]
circulation
to circulate (blood etc.)
circulatory system
循環
[じゅんかん]
循環する
循環系
[じゅんかんけい]
first term, first quarter / early period
前期
[ぜんき]
horn (of an animal, etc.)
角
[つの]
when….happens, something else happens instantaneously, simultaneously, or concurrently
—(る) か —ないかのうちに
—(た) か —ないかのうちに
washing up
to wash up / to wash (one’s face, etc.)
washroom
洗面
[せんめん]
洗面する
洗面所
[せんめんじょ]
cicada
蝉
> [せみ]
canal, waterway
運河
[うんが]
now that….is happening…. so long as….is being done….
….からには
the fundamentals, the ABCs of….
fundamental, rudimentary, basic (e.g. a basic question)
初歩
[しょほ]
初歩的
snowstorm, blizzard
吹雪
[ふぶき]
pedestrian traffic
there are lots of pedestrians
人通り
[ひとどおり]
人通りが多い
heater (loan word)
ヒーター
sleeping bag
寝袋
[ねぶくろ]
violin (loan word)
バイオリン
mountains and forests, mountainous and forested area, a secluded place (by extension)
山林
[さんりん]
retrieval, collection of
to retrieve (money, etc.) / to collect (garbage, etc.) / to recover / to call-in
回収
[かいしゅう]
回収する
final decision / verdict
to make a (final) judgement or decision (e.g. in sports) / to offer a verdict (e.g. in court)
判定
[はんてい]
判定する
English-to-Japanese
Japanese-to-English
(e.g. dictionary of translation)
英和
[えいわ]
和英
[わえい]
because of…. a personal excuse is given (when the reasoning is unavoidable or presented very strongly)
(colloquial)
….ものだから
….もので
….もの
a model (for copying, etc.)
手本
[てほん]
liter (loan word)
リットル
without discrepancies…. (formal use)
….に相違ない
[….にそういない]
traditional (low-lying) downtown area (esp. in Tokyo)
下町
[したまち]
massage (loan word)
マッサージ
frank and direct, openhearted, speaking one’s mind
率直
[そっちょく]
sukiyaki (thinly sliced meat cooked in a hot pot)
すき焼き
[すきやき]
describing the style or manner of something
describing a current state or condition
….ぶり
—ぶり
—っぷり
by nature… by birth… innately…
生まれつき
[うまれつき]
window-side, window seat
aisle-side, aisle seat
窓側
[まどがわ]
通路側
[つうろがわ]
a literary person, an intellectual
a scholar of literature, a person of letters
文人
[ぶんじん]
文学者
[ぶんがくしゃ]
motive
動機
[どうき]
dizziness
to feel dizzy / to have a feeling of vertigo
目眩
> [めまい]
めまい[が]する
sample (loan word)
サンプル
a class in school
学級
[がっきゅう]
dictation / writing practice
to dictate (speech to text) / to practice writing (in kanji, etc.)
書き取り
[かきとり]
書き取りする
a —-storied building
two-storied (building)
—階建て
[かいだて]
二階建て
[にかいだて]
I heard that…. (when info is based on unconfirmed hearsay)
….とか
no choice but to…. the only remaining option is…. (usually when the option is undesirable)
….ざるを得ない
[….ざるをえない]
in actuality….
現に
[げんに]
sesame, sesame seeds
胡麻
> [ごま]
the initial period, the early stages
初期
[しょき]
it depends on….
it depends on whether or not….
….次第だ
[….しだいだ]
….次第で
….次第では
fallen leaves
落ち葉
[おちば]
well, well…. come now…. (interjection, usually used by females)
まあ
a creative work
to produce a creative work (esp. artistic)
the creative urge
創作
[そうさく]
創作する
創作意欲
[そうさくいよく]
a second helping
to have a second helping (seconds) / to have another cup, etc.
a second helping of—-
お代わり
> [おかわり]
おかわりする
—-のおかわり
happy (occasions), festive (things)
めでたい
おめでたい
courtroom
法廷
[ほうてい]
chalk / choke (loan word)
チョーク
one’s own country
one’s native country
自国
[じこく]
本国
[ほんごく]
miserable, pitiful, pathetic, a wreck (as a na-adjective) / pity, pathos, compassion, duende (as a noun) / alas! (interjection)
“the pathos of things” (recognition and compassion for impermanence)
哀れ
[あわれ]
物の哀れ
[もののあわれ]
frequent, incessant
頻繁
[ひんぱん]
residence (alt. use)
to be a resident / to inhabit / to dwell
resident, inhabitant
居住
[きょじゅう]
居住する
居住者
weak point, demerit
短所
[たんしょ]
carpet, rug
絨毯
> [じゅうたん]
incompetent, incapable, good-for-nothing
無能
[むのう]
sharply, significantly / with a sudden jerk
がくんと
top, apex, peak
at the (very) top…. at the apex…. at the summit….
てっぺん
てっぺんに
no use for, unneeded, unhelpful
無用
[むよう]
atmospheric pressure
気圧
[きあつ]
unjustifiable, unpardonable
there’s no good explanation for this, but…
済まない
> [すまない]
すまないけど….
contest, competition (esp. in the arts)
コンクール
beginner class, elementary level
初級
[しょきゅう]
bow
bow and arrow
弓
[ゆみ]
弓矢
[ゆみや]
produce, product (of) / results, fruits of
agricultural produce
産物
[さんぶつ]
農産物
[のうさんぶつ]
bumping into…. with a crash…. with a thud…. / suddenly…. unexpectedly….
suddenly…. abruptly…. (with a slightly weaker tone)
ばったり
ぱったり
western film / western painting
洋画
[ようが]
in compliance with…. in accordance with…. what is suitable for….
….に応じて
[….におうじて]
….に応じた….
the study of law
faculty of law, law department
法学
[ほうがく]
法学部
[ほうがくぶ]
bargain sale
to have a bargain sale / to sell cheaply
安売り
[やすうり]
安売りする
dull, thick-headed, insensitive to
鈍感
[どんかん]
passenger (while traveling)
旅客
[りょかく]
porch, veranda
縁側
[えんがわ]
making a claim (for payment, etc.)
to make demand (on some authority) / to make a claim (for payment, etc.)
a bill, a claim, an invoice
請求
[せいきゅう]
請求する
請求書
[せいきゅうしょ]
(arts and) sciences, academic pursuits
学術
[がくじゅつ]
folk song
民謡
[みんよう]
beast, brute / animal covered in fur
獣
[けもの]
The Star Festival (July 7th in Japan)
七夕
[たなばた]
hourly wage
時給
[じきゅう]
crossing, intersecting
to cross over / to be crossed / to intersect / to be intersecting
交差
[こうさ]
交差する
authority (to make a decision, etc.), power over, jurisdiction
権限
[けんげん]
clothes (alt. use)
衣服
[いふく]
smooth (skin, ground, etc.), glassy / without a hitch
滑らか
[なめらか]
brave, heroic, gallant
勇敢
[ゆうかん]
until…. is done, a subsequent action can not be taken
used in negative statements
—(て) からでないと …. —ない
—(て) からでなければ …. —ない
county / district
郡
[ぐん]
sailboat, yacht (loan word)
ヨット
ejaculation
to ejaculate (from the penis)
射精
[しゃせい]
射精する
(personal) determination
to be determined / to be resolved / to make up one’s mind (to do something)
決意
[けつい]
決意する
intend not to…. probably won’t….
definitely not…. (when the subject is 1st person)
(polite / written expression)
—(る) まい
—(ある) まい
generosity
generous
気前
[きまえ]
気前がいい
employee, worker (alt. use)
従業員
[じゅうぎょういん]
obtainment of
to obtain (forms, documents, etc.) / to acquire
入手
[にゅうしゅ]
入手する
school building
校舎
[こうしゃ]
a report (e.g. of a theft), a notification, a registration
届
[とどけ]
届け
[とどけ]
(I wonder)….is there nothing that can be done?
(it may be difficult, but)….can’t something be done about this?
….ないものか
….ないものだろうか
regular day off (e.g. closed every Monday)
定休日
[ていきゅうび]
north and south / North Korea and South Korea (abbr.)
南北
[なんぼく]
stem, stalk (of a flower, etc.)
茎
[くき]
radiation, emission
to radiate / to emit
radioactivity
放射
[ほうしゃ]
放射する
放射能
[ほうしゃのう]
seriously ill, in critical condition
a serious illness
重体
[じゅうたい]
重症
[じゅうしょう]
vertical writing
縦書き
[たてがき]
for the time being….
一先ず
> [ひとまず]
rice planting
to plant rice
田植え
[たうえ]
田植えする
reconciliation
to reconcile / to make up / to make peace with
仲直り
[なかなおり]
仲直りする
place of origin (of foods, etc.), original habitat (of animals, etc.)
原産
[げんさん]
biography
伝記
[でんき]
a vacuum, a void, a hollow (containing no matter) / vacuous, empty
Buddhist term for “the void” — a place of creative energy beyond everyday experience
真空
[しんくう]
childish, infantile, immature / kindergarten age
幼稚
[ようち]
let alone…. far from…. to say nothing of…. (expresses that the situation is worse)
it’s definitely not the time or condition for….. (one shouldn’t even be thinking about doing something)
….どころか
….どころではない
just because…. it doesn’t necessarily mean….
while it may be true that…. it’s not necessarily….
….からといって
patrol (security)
to keep guard / to patrol / to provide security
security guard
警備
[けいび]
警備する
警備員
[けいびいん]
foreign— imported— / outpatient—
外来
[がいらい]
public works / civil engineering
土木
[どぼく]
hardly… barely at all… (with neg. verb)
ろくに
very. … really…. (feeling a certain way)
extremely. … unbearably….
desperately (want to)…. I’m dying to….
—(て)しかたがない
—(て)しょうがない
—(て)たまらない
not only…., but also…. (to show that something is not limited to one group, part, etc.)
….に限らず
[….にかぎらず]
weekly holiday
週休
[しゅうきゅう]
tempo (loan word)
テンポ
woolen yarn, wool (for knitting)
毛糸
[けいと]
steam, vapor
water vapor
蒸気
[じょうき]
水蒸気
[すいじょうき]
staple food
主食
[しゅしょく]
companion, accompaniment
連れ
[つれ]
portrayal
to portray / to depict / to describe (usu. figuratively through art)
描写
[びょうしゃ]
描写する
urban areas, downtown
市街
[しがい]
soup, broth, juice, sap (kanji use)
汁
[しる]
harmful, hazardous (material, etc.)
有害
[ゆうがい]
riot, commotion, (public) upheaval
騒動
[そうどう]
advanced age, older age
高齢
[こうれい]
a blank sheet of paper
白紙
[はくし]
in no time at all….
たちまち
the main text / an official or original document / this document, this text, this book (as previously mentioned in the current context)
本書
[ほんしょ]
really….! truly….!
add emphasis to adjectives (expressing astonishment, sarcasm, the feeling of being deeply moved, etc.)
—(い) ことだ
—(な) ことだ
role model, an exemplary thing
模範
[もはん]
clear weather, cloudless weather
快晴
[かいせい]
disregarding…. regardless of….(e.g. regardless of age)
….を問わず
[….をとわず]
unlawful, unlawfulness / illegal—
a trespasser
不法
[ふほう]
不法侵入者
[ふほうしんにゅうしゃ]
perilous, precarious (situation) / close call
narrowly, barely (avoided something bad)
危うい
[あやうい]
危うく
[あやうく]
initially…. at the outset….
当初
[とうしょ]
collapse, break-down
to collapse (a government, one’s life, etc.) / to break down / to crumble
崩壊
[ほうかい]
崩壊する
apprentice, disciple, follower
弟子
[でし]
letter to the editor
to write a letter to the editor / to make a written contribution (to a newspaper, etc.)
投書
[とうしょ]
投書する
relatives, kin (formal)
relatives, family members (alt.)
親類
[しんるい]
親族
[しんぞく]
courthouse
裁判所
[さいばんしょ]
although it is known or felt that…. another (contradictory) action takes place
—つつ
—つつも
once…. formerly…. at one time in the past….
かつて
yukata (light cotton kimono worn in summer or as a bathrobe)
浴衣
[ゆかた]
indiscriminately…. at random…. recklessly….
やたらに….
やたらと….
oriental white radish (daikon)
大根
[だいこん]
lately… in recent days…
近頃
[ちかごろ]
empire / imperial—
imperialism
帝国
[ていこく]
帝国主義
[ていこくしゅぎ]
flight, trip, ride, service to
—flight (on an airline) —train
(kanji use)
便
[びん]
—便
[—びん]
pessimism
pessimistic
悲観
[ひかん]
悲観的
Shintoism
神道
[しんとう]
being lined up neatly (in a row, etc.)
ずらり
ずらりと
ずらっと
presently…. at this current moment…. (e.g. someone is not here at the moment)
*** also used for greeting upon one’s return home (“I’m back!”)
ただ今
> [ただいま]
confession / profession of love
to confess / to profess one’s love (used when one wants to begin officially dating in Japan)
告白
[こくはく]
告白する
