VERBS—beginner Flashcards
to go away / to leave
去る
[さる]
intr.
to tie (a string, rope, etc.)
to link / to bind
to bring to a close (e.g. a deal)
結ぶ
[むすぶ]
tr.
to be folded / to be snapped / to be broken (bones, etc.)
折れる
[おれる] **
intr.
to feel pain / to hurt / to ache
痛む
[いたむ]
intr.
to go out to meet someone (who is arriving)
迎える
[むかえる] **
tr.
to be popular (especially with the opposite sex)
もてる**
intr.
to mess around / to fool around
ふざける **
intr.
to release / to let go / to set free / to set loose
放す
[はなす]
tr.
to blame / to condemn / to criticize
to pester / to press someone (to do something)
責める
[せめる] **
tr.
to cover up / to cover behind (e.g. a mountain covered with snow)
覆う
[おおう]
tr.
蔽う
to prevent (something) / to defend against (something)
防ぐ
[ふせぐ]
tr.
to spread (information etc.) / to make (something) known
to broaden (e.g. one’s horizons)
広める
[ひろめる] **
tr.
to cut across / to traverse
横切る
[よこぎる]
tr.
to savor / to taste (and appreciate)
to relish (an experience, etc.)
味わう
[あじわう]
tr.
to hit (one’s head, etc.) / to bump / to strike (forcefully)
to express / to vent (one’s anger, etc.)
ぶつける **
tr.
to make money / to earn (income)
稼ぐ
[かせぐ]
intr.
to spread something open / to spread something apart (e.g a napkin on a lap)
広げる
[ひろげる]
tr.
to cool (something) down / to let cool (e.g. one’s food)
冷ます
[さます]
tr.
to surround / to encircle (e.g. a family around a table)
囲む
[かこむ]
tr.
to look at / to see (honorific)
ご覧になる
[ごらんになる]
intr.
to accumulate (money, stress, etc.) / to be stored up (water, etc.)
溜まる
> [たまる]
intr.
to rescue from / to help out of / to save (a drowning person, wild animals, etc.)
救う
[すくう]
tr.
to vomit / to spit up / to belch
to emit / to send forth
to confess / to let out (information)
吐く
[はく]
tr.
to discuss / to talk over
話し合う
[はなしあう]
tr.
to give something / to bestow upon (formal)
与える
[あたえる] **
tr.
to part from (people) / to break up / to be divided
to branch / to fork (roads, etc.) / to split up (into teams, etc.)
別れる
[わかれる] **
intr.
分かれる
[わかれる] **
intr.
to make a round / to go around
巡る
> [めぐる]
intr.
to finish— to do (—) completely (as aux. verb)
—しまう
tr.
to cover with something (with a lid, etc.) / to put on top of
被せる
[かぶせる] **
tr.
to lead a life / to live (in a certain way)
暮らす
[くらす]
intr.
to be apart from / to be kept away or at a distance
to get away from (someone or something)
離れる
[はなれる] **
intr.
to bump into / to collide with
ぶつかる
intr.
to encourage
励ます
[はげます]
tr.
to connect / to fasten / to link together / to put through (a phone call)
繋ぐ
> [つなぐ]
tr.
to close in on / to approach (deadline, due date) / to be imminent
to press someone (for something) / to compel or urge
迫る
[せまる]
tr. + intr.
to pursue / to chase
to drive out / to oust / to expel
追う
[おう]
tr.
逐う
to have another look / to re-examine (one’s view, etc.)
見直す
[みなおす]
tr.
to suffer
苦しむ
[くるしむ]
intr.
to make a payment
支払う
[しはらう]
tr.
to pull (towards) / to drag / to pull tight
引っ張る
[ひっぱる]
tr.
to get tired of / to get bored of / to have enough of
飽きる
[あきる] **
intr.
to have something on one’s mind / to worry about or feel uneasy
気になる
[きになる]
intr.
to leave over / to leave behind / to let remain
to bequeath / to leave behind someone (e.g. after death)
残す
[のこす]
tr.
遺す
[のこす]
tr.
to exceed / to go beyond the normal limits / to transcend
to go over / to cross over / to go across (e.g. go across the border)
超える
[こえる] **
intr.
越える
[こえる] **
intr.
to pull out / to unplug / to extract / to masturbate?
抜く
[ぬく]
tr.
to be involved with / to affected / to be influenced by
to have to do with / to be concerned with
関わる
[かかわる]
intr.
係わる
[かかわる]
intr.
to order / to command / to appoint
命じる
[めいじる] **
tr.
to catch a cold
風邪を引く
[かぜをひく]
intr.
to reveal (something) / to display (something) / to show something
to express (something) / to make apparent / to signify
現す
[あらわす]
tr.
表す
[あらわす]
tr.
to overflow / to flood / to brim over
溢れる
> [あふれる] **
intr.
to entrust to / to leave it to / to rely on someone else (to complete a task, etc.)
任せる
[まかせる] **
tr.
to raise / to bring up (a child)
育てる
[そだてる] **
tr.
to punch
殴る
[なぐる]
tr.
to hold or carry in one’s arms
抱える
[かかえる] **
tr.
to load (a car, ship, etc.) / to pack up
to pile up / to stack something
積む
[つむ]
tr.
to crush / to smash something (e.g. a plastic bottle)
潰す
[つぶす]
tr.
to paint / to plaster / to color
塗る
[ぬる]
tr.
to spread (rumors, diseases, etc.) / to get around
広まる
[ひろまる]
intr.
to put something away (e.g. in a bag) / to store
to put an end to / to finish off
仕舞う
[しまう]
tr.
to be torn / to be ripped (open)
破れる
[やぶれる] **
intr.
to be silent / to shut (one’s mouth)
黙る
[だまる]
intr.
to contain / to include
含む
[ふくむ]
intr.
to be crushed / to be smashed / to collapse
to become useless / to cease functioning
潰れる
[つぶれる]
intr.
to inquire about
尋ねる
[たずねる] **
tr.
to aim for / to aim at (when shooting, throwing, etc.)
狙う
[ねらう]
tr.
to eat (casual language)
食う
[くう]
tr.
to cool down (in the refrigerator, etc.) / to chill (a drink, etc.)
冷やす
[ひやす]
tr.
to hit (a target, etc.)
to guess (correctly) / to hit the jackpot
to press something against / to apply (a patch)
当てる
[あてる] **
tr.
to wage war / to battle against / to combat
to struggle (against adversities, etc.) / to fight / to resist
戦う
[たたかう]
intr.
闘う
[たたかう]
intr.
to make (the best) use of / to capitalize on / to leverage (skills, etc.)
生かす
[いかす]
tr.
to celebrate
祝う
[いわう]
tr.
to appear / to emerge / to show up
現れる
[あらわれる] **
intr.
to make utmost efforts / to devote (oneself) to
尽くす
[つくす]
intr.
to kick
蹴る
[ける]
tr.
足で蹴る
to take in and accept (letters, etc.)
to take in or interpret (words, gestures, etc.)
受け取る
[うけとる]
tr.
to chop / to mince / to cut finely / to shred
刻む
[きざむ]
tr.
to be lazy / to neglect (one’s work, etc.)
怠ける
[なまける] **
tr. + intr.
to be reflected (in) / to be reflected (on) / to appear
to be photographed / to come out (in a photo)
映る
[うつる]
intr.
写る
[うつる]
intr.
to measure (dimensions)
to calculate (time, extent, etc.)
to weigh
測る
[はかる]
tr.
計る
量る
to relate to / to have to do with / regarding…
関する
[かんする]
